Abstract:
:Adipose tissue plays an active role in energy balance because it is not only a lipid storing and mobilizing tissue but consists of functionally specialized tissues able to produce heat (in brown adipose tissue) and to produce or release a vast number of so called adipokines or adipocytokines. These consist of polypeptides but also non-protein factors and are metabolically active molecules belonging to different functional categories like immunity (complement factors, haptoglobin), endocrine function (leptin, sex steroids, various growth factors), metabolic function (fatty acids, adiponectin, resistin), and cardiovascular function (angiotensinogen, PAI-1). Recent advances using genomic and proteomic approaches have identified numerous new adipocyte secreted factors whose function remain to be established. Too little as well as too much adipose tissue leads to metabolic disturbances like insulin resistance. Visceral obesity is especially strongly correlated with the development of diabetes, hypertension and cardio-vascular disease. Thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue is a means to dissipate excess energy, but in adult humans brown fat is very scarce and probably not functional. However, human white adipose tissue contains mesenchymal stem cells, and if these could be stimulated to differentiate into brown adipocytes, increased energy expenditure in white fat could help to shift energy balance towards a more negative state.
journal_name
Curr Drug Targetsjournal_title
Current drug targetsauthors
Klaus Sdoi
10.2174/1389450043490523keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-04-01 00:00:00pages
241-50issue
3eissn
1389-4501issn
1873-5592journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Long term treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is the standard therapeutic approach to eradicate seizures. However, a small but significant number of patients fail AED treatment. Intrinsic drug resistance may depend on two main and not necessarily mutually exclusive mechanisms: 1) Loss of pharmacological target (...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450033491109
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phytometabolites are functional elements derived from plants and most of them exhibit therapeutic characteristics such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Phytometabolites exert their anti-cancer effect by targeting multiple signaling pathways. One of the remarkable phenomena targeted by phytom...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450117666160401124842
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abstract::Programmed cell death, commonly associated with the term apoptosis, is an integrated intracellular program that plays a critical role in lymphoid tissue homeostasis. Alterations in this highly regulated process is a common feature of most lymphoid malignancies, thus facilitating tumor escape from traditional chemother...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945010791320863
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450115666141229154500
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 replicates by infecting new target cells either as cell-free viral particle or, much more efficiently, via cell-to-cell viral transmission. Cell-mediated viral spread, in which the infected cell directly transfers the viral particles to target cells via cell-cell contacts, in vitro is up to three orders of magni...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::At one time, atherosclerosis was thought to be a simple lipid storage disease. However, it is now recognized as a chronic and progressive inflammation of the arterial wall. Gene deletion experiments in murine models of atherosclerosis that reduce the inflammatory process also reduce disease severity. Identifying the i...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945007783220605
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent marketing of two selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, celecoxib and rofecoxib is remarkable considering that COX-2 was only discovered eight years ago as a growth factor- and cytokine-inducible gene. Concomitant with these pharmaceutical successes is the advances in our understanding of the molecu...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various strategies for the use of zein for controlled drug release have been investigated and reported in the literature, especially engineering strategies for using zein conjugates to enhance oral bioavailability and targeted delivery, which has attracted interest in recent research. Although still limited, the abili...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389450120666190913124629
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to potential health benefits and the general assumption that natural products are safe, there is an increasing trend in the general population - including pregnant women - to supplement their diet with flavonoid-based food supplements. In addition, preclinical studies aim to prevent developmental adverse effects i...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450116666150804110049
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intracranial hemorrhage is characterized by the blood vessel rupture and subsequent hematoma expansion. It is the least treatable stroke subtype, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality per incidence than ischemic stroke. Recent studies have observed lower than normal levels of plasma fibrinogen in patie...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450117666151209123857
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well documented that elevated levels of PAI-1 in plasma can decrease the fibrinolytic activity in blood with an associated increased risk of thrombus formation. A diverse range of molecules including bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interle...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945007781662382
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of novel T cell therapies to target leukemia has facilitated the translation of this approach for hematologic malignancies. Different methods of manufacturing leukemia-specific T cells have evolved, along with additional measures to increase the safety of this therapy. This is an overview of expanded T...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450117666160209143529
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past years, there was an explosion in the knowledge of the protein target and molecular mechanism associated with various disease types and in the new research of drugs of natural origin. The key idea is to evaluate bioactive natural products interacting with protein domains of different genetic origin but st...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945011794815284
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Target discovery using the molecular approach, as opposed to the more traditional systems approach requires the study of the cellular or biological process underlying a condition or disease. The approaches that are employed by the "bench" scientist may be genetic, genomic or proteomic and each has its rightful place i...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389450115666141120110323
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a remarkably aggressive thoracic malignancy with a limited survival of only 5-12 months. However, MPM still remains unresponsive to conventional standards of treatment, including pleurectomy and decortication, extrapleural pneumonectomy for resectable disease with or without che...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389450121666200719011234
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by chronic inflammation affecting the colonic mucosa, that can extend to the whole large bowel. The severity of mucosal lesions directly reflects the disease activity and severity and may be prognostic for an aggressive behavior of the pathol...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945011796818216
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX) is an enzyme catalyzing the first step of proline degradation, during which ROS and/or ATP is generated. POX is widely distributed in living organisms and is responsible for a number of regulatory processes such as redox homeostasis, osmotic adaptation, cell signaling ...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945011613151031150637
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infiltrating inflammatory cells into the kidney mediate the initiation and progression of damage by direct cytotoxicity, the secretion of soluble factors such as cytokines and proteases, or by the subsequent induction of further immune response. Before leukocytes can exert their effects on renal damage or repair, they...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945006775270213
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the success of combined antiretroviral therapy, more than half of HIV-1-infected patients in the USA show HIV-associated neurological and neuropsychiatric deficits. This is accompanied by anatomical and functional alterations in vulnerable brain regions of the mesocorticolimbic and nigrostriatal systems that r...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450116666150531162212
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major focus has developed for the discovery of proregenerative and neuroprotective therapeutic agents to help the millions of Americans who receive a CNS injury annually. Tribulations have been encountered along the way due to the complicated set of pathways that are initiated post-injury. To target this complicated...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450111314070003
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The plant milk thistle and silymarin has been traditionally used as a natural remedy for the treatment of various ailments including neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and cerebral ischemia for over 2000 years. OBJECTIVE:In this article we review the neuroprotective effects o...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450117666161227125121
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Different clinical studies have given inconsistent results on whether the use of antipsychotics increases the risk of thromboembolism. In this paper, we reviewed all relevant literature to provide suggestions for clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHODS:PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane and...
journal_title:Current drug targets
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doi:10.2174/1389450121666200422084414
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abstract::Escalating resistance to almost every class of antibiotics is reducing the utility of currently available antimicrobial drugs. A part of this menace is attributed to poor pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug. Improvement in drug delivery is the most challenging task encountered by the pharmaceutical indus...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450116666151019101826
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts to speed up cellular biochemical processes. According to their main Enzyme Commission (EC) numbers, enzymes are divided into six categories: EC-1: oxidoreductase; EC-2: transferase; EC-3: hydrolase; EC-4: lyase; EC-5: isomerase and EC-6: synthetase. Different enzym...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present article aims to review the literature on the relationship between psychology and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In particular, the first section is dedicated to explore the role of psychological factors in the etiopathology of the disease, its development and the efficacy of treatments, while the second...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adipose tissue plays a role in the storage of excess energy as triglycerides (TGs). Excess fat accumulation causes various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. It has been reported that ectopic fat deposition and excess TG accumulation in non-adipose tissue might be important predictors of cardiometabolic ...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450119666180115164103
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-translational modification represents an important mechanism to regulate protein function in cardiac cells. Ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are a family of protein modifiers that share a certain extent of sequence and structure similarity. Conjugation of Ub or UBLs to target proteins is dynamica...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virtual screening for active compounds has become an essential step within the drug development pipeline. The computer based prediction of compound binding modes is one of the most time and cost efficient methods for screening ligand libraries and enrich results of potential drugs. Here we present an overview about cu...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gabapentin and pregabalin inhibit Ca(2+) currents via high-voltage-activated channels containing the alpha2delta-1 subunit, reducing neurotransmitter release and attenuating the postsynaptic excitability. They are antiepileptic drugs successfully used also for the chronic pain treatment. A large number of cl...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945009788982513
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The α7-nAChR plays critical roles in numerous organs and cells by regulating highly organ and cell typespecific functions. In this special issue different Authors have contributed to clarify the different roles played by the α7- nAChR. Post-translational processes such as receptor "underactivation" or "overactivation"...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/138945012800398946
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00