Abstract:
:A cytotoxigenic Clostridium difficile strain that fails to produce toxin A but causes hemorrhage and bloody fluid accumulation in ligated ileal loops of rabbits and hemorrhage and diarrhea in hamsters is described. The lack of reaction of DNA from this strain in hybridization studies with a toxin A gene-specific 4.5-kb probe and polymerase chain reaction studies with six toxin A-specific primers indicate the absence of the toxin A gene. The cytotoxin produced by this strain was not responsible for the enterotoxic or hemorrhagic activity and shared characteristics with toxin B, i.e., its cytotoxicity was neutralized by antibodies to toxigenic strains of C. difficile and Clostridium sordellii. Polymerase chain reaction studies with toxin B-specific primers showed that the DNA from this strain produced a 690-bp product in addition to the expected 591-bp product.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Borriello SP,Wren BW,Hyde S,Seddon SV,Sibbons P,Krishna MM,Tabaqchali S,Manek S,Price ABdoi
10.1128/IAI.60.10.4192-4199.1992keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-10-01 00:00:00pages
4192-9issue
10eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Ocular inflammation is one of the consequences of infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Even if lesions are self-healing in immunocompetent persons, they pose a lifetime risk of reactivation and are a serious threat to vision. As there are virtually no immunological data on reactivating ocular toxop...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02985-14
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free lipid A of Bordetella pertussis, Neisseria meningitidis, and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was prepared by hydrolysis in acetate buffer (pH 4.5); in addition, lipid A from B. pertussis and E. coli was prepared by hydrolysis in mineral acid (HCl). The precipitates obtained were purified by extraction m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.54.2.465-471.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular approaches to the rapid analysis of the serotyping antigens of Neisseria meningitidis, the class 2 and 3 outer membrane proteins (OMPs), were developed, evaluated, and used to study 12 antigenic variants of these proteins. A primer set for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the genes encodi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.9.3620-3629.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymicrobial intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly when fungal pathogens are involved. Our experimental murine model of IAI involving intraperitoneal inoculation of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus results in synergistic lethality (∼80%) due to ex...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00144-18
更新日期:2018-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism of adsorption of the Streptococcus mutans enzymes responsible for the synthesis of insoluble dextran-levan to the S. mutans cell-wall binding sites has been studied. Certain characteristics of these binding sites are presented. The adsorption of these enzymes to the cell surface occurred rapidly without ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.9.2.419-429.1974
更新日期:1974-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has recently been shown to facilitate macrophage foam cell formation and has been suggested to be a proatherogenic factor. The mechanism of LPS induced cholesterol accumulation, however, is unclear. In this report, using the macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cell line, we provide experimental evidence...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.6.2995-3003.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In meningococcal septic shock, the dominant inducer of inflammation is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer membrane of Neisseria meningitidis, while interleukin-10 (IL-10) is the principal anti-inflammatory cytokine. We have used microarrays and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to study the global effects of IL-10 on gene...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00386-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF)-associated Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius strain F3031 contains two identical copies of a five gene cluster (hifA to hifE) encoding pili similar to well-characterized Hif fimbriae of H. influenzae type b. HifE, the putative pilus tip adhesin of F3031, shares only 40% amino aci...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.4.1622-1631.1998
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen consumption by Treponema pallidum was observed to be glucose dependent. Treponemes consumed O2 to a low dissolved O2 concentration of 0.01 mumol of O2 per ml when respiration ceased. A fermentative degradation of glucose occurred during the maintenance of treponemes at 0.01 mumol of O2 per ml. Although the init...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.31.3.992-997.1981
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene from the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii has been cloned, and its DNA sequence has been determined and expressed in Escherichia coli. The gene was identified on pSJR50, a pHC79-derived genomic clone, by using the polymerase chain reaction with degenerate oligonucleo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.9.3814-3823.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified a Crp/Fnr-like transcriptional regulator of Streptococcus pyogenes that when inactivated attenuates virulence. The gene, named srv for streptococcal regulator of virulence, encodes a 240-amino-acid protein with 53% amino acid similarity to PrfA, a transcriptional activator of virulence in Listeria m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.3.1799-1803.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feline leukemia-sarcoma group-specific antigens were located in human embryo cells infected with feline leukemia and feline sarcoma viruses. This was done by using the fluorescent-antibody and enzyme-labeled antibody techniques at both light and electron microscopic levels. The antigens were found to be exclusively in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.5.3.400-405.1972
更新日期:1972-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::B-cell-deficient mice were prepared by administration of rabbit anti-mouse-mu antiserum to newborn animals within 12 h of birth onwards. Such immunodeficient animals, along with the normal controls, were infected intravenously with Cryptococcus neoformans. There was no difference in the mortality pattern, viable count...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.26.1.1-3.1979
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of murine lymphocytes exposed to lead in vivo and in vitro were investigated. In vivo Pb was administered via the drinking water (0 to 10 mM) for 1 to 10 weeks. In vivo exposure of the mice to Pb did not alter significantly their plaque-forming cell response to sheep eryt...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.31.1.136-143.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Mycobacterium tuberculosis exported repetitive protein (Erp) is a virulence determinant required for growth in cultured macrophages and in vivo. To better understand the role of Erp in Mycobacterium pathogenesis, we generated a mutation in the erp homologue of Mycobacterium marinum, a close genetic relative of M. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02061-05
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virulent Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains are invasive extracellular bacteria causing septicemia and meningitis in piglets and humans. One objective of this study was to elucidate the function of complement in innate immune defense against S. suis. Experimental infection of wild-type (WT) and C3(-/-) mice demonst...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00080-14
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the first steps in the development of cerebral toxoplasmosis is the penetration of the blood-brain barrier, which is comprised of microvascular endothelial cells. We examined the capacity of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) to interact with Toxoplasma gondii. We found that stimulation of HBME...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.10.6527-6531.2001
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many pathogenic microbes have multiple virulence factors that can cause damage to the host and thus contribute to an overall virulence phenotype for that organism. Although current techniques are suitable for demonstrating that a particular microbial characteristic contributes to virulence, no formal approach for defi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.3.1500-1504.2006
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli isolates from patients with bacteriuria of pregnancy were compared by PCR with isolates from patients with community-acquired cystitis for the presence of established virulence determinants. The strains from patients with bacteriuria of pregnancy were less likely to carry genes for P-family, S-family,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.2.794-799.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virulent strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are either of a nonmucoid, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-smooth or mucoid, LPS-rough phenotype, and immunity to these different variants is efficiently mediated by antibodies specific to O antigens or mucoid exopolysaccharide (also called alginate), respectively. In addition to O ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.1.21-26.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One major outer membrane protein (P1) of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), with an apparent molecular weight of 34,000 (34K) as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), has been shown to be heat modifiable. After heating at 100 degrees C for 5 min in 2% SDS, the P1 protein...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.12.2993-3000.1987
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the role of complement in pneumococcal and staphylococcal pneumonia, we decomplemented rats with cobra venom factor and inoculated them intratracheally with Staphylococcus aureus or type 25 pneumococci. S. aureus produced a patchy bronchopneumonia in normal Sprague-Dawley or Lewis rats, and decomplementati...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.37.3.1270-1277.1982
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rfb locus, determining biosynthesis of O8-specific lipopolysaccharide side chains, was transferred to a rough mutant of Escherichia coli; recombinants producing a complete lipopolysaccharide were more resistant to the complement-mediated bactericidal action of human serum than the rough recipient. Inheritance of t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.29.1.278-280.1980
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) present in the outer membrane of Haemophilus ducreyi is likely a virulence factor for this sexually transmitted pathogen. An open reading frame in H. ducreyi 35000 was found to encode a predicted protein that had 87% identity with the protein product of the gmhA (isn) gene of Haemophilus ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The precise role of Leishmania glycoconjugate molecules including phosphoglycans (PGs) and lipophosphoglycan (LPG) on host cellular responses is still poorly defined. Here, we investigated the interaction of Leishmania major LPG2 null mutant (lpg2(-)), which lacks both PGs and LPG, with dendritic cells (DCs) and the s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01447-08
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated the suppression of cell-mediated immunity to Listeria monocytogenes by Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced, macrophage-like cells. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism for this suppression. P. aeruginosa supernatant was shown to activate macrophages by the criteria of increa...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.2.383-388.1985
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae accessory colonization factor genes (acfA, B, C, and D) are required for efficient intestinal colonization. Expression of acf genes is under the control of a regulatory cascade that also directs the synthesis of cholera toxin and proteins involved in the biogenesis of the toxin-coregulated pilus. The g...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.8.3289-3298.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three antigenic determinants were revealed in H3 hemagglutinin of influenza A viruses isolated from 1968 to 1975. One of them was common for all viruses, and two others specified differences between the viruses possessing H3 hemagglutinin. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.24.3.804-807.1979
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protective efficacy of antibodies to the Staphylococcus aureus type 5 capsular polysaccharide (CP5) was examined in a modified model of catheter-induced endocarditis. Rats were catheterized by surgically passing a polyethylene catheter through the right carotid artery and aortic valve into the left ventricle. The ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.10.4146-4151.1997
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) is a divalent cation transporter belonging to a family of transporter proteins highly conserved in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Mammalian and bacterial transporters may compete for essential metal ions during mycobacterial infections. The mycobacterial Nramp h...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.8.4124-4131.2002
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00