Abstract:
:A new pathway for aerobic benzoate oxidation has been postulated for Azoarcus evansii and for a Bacillus stearothermophilus-like strain. Benzoate is first transformed into benzoyl coenzyme A (benzoyl-CoA), which subsequently is oxidized to 3-hydroxyadipyl-CoA and then to 3-ketoadipyl-CoA; all intermediates are CoA thioesters. The genes coding for this benzoate-induced pathway were investigated in the beta-proteobacterium A. evansii. They were identified on the basis of N-terminal amino acid sequences of purified benzoate metabolic enzymes and of benzoate-induced proteins identified on two-dimensional gels. Fifteen genes probably coding for the benzoate pathway were found to be clustered on the chromosome. These genes code for the following functions: a putative ATP-dependent benzoate transport system, benzoate-CoA ligase, a putative benzoyl-CoA oxygenase, a putative isomerizing enzyme, a putative ring-opening enzyme, enzymes for beta-oxidation of CoA-activated intermediates, thioesterase, and lactone hydrolase, as well as completely unknown enzymes belonging to new protein families. An unusual putative regulator protein consists of a regulator protein and a shikimate kinase I-type domain. A deletion mutant with a deletion in one gene (boxA) was unable to grow with benzoate as the sole organic substrate, but it was able to grow with 3-hydroxybenzoate and adipate. The data support the proposed pathway, which postulates operation of a new type of ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase acting on benzoyl-CoA and nonoxygenolytic ring cleavage. A beta-oxidation-like metabolism of the ring cleavage product is thought to lead to 3-ketoadipyl-CoA, which finally is cleaved into succinyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Gescher J,Zaar A,Mohamed M,Schägger H,Fuchs Gdoi
10.1128/jb.184.22.6301-6315.2002keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-11-01 00:00:00pages
6301-15issue
22eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
184pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In this study, we identified and characterized the enzymatic properties of MG_186, a calcium-dependent Mycoplasma genitalium nuclease. MG_186 displays the hallmarks of nucleases, as indicated by its amino acid sequence similarity to other nucleases. We cloned, UGA corrected, expressed, purified, and demonstrated that ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00401-10
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pore-forming colicins are soluble bacteriocins which form voltage-gated ion channels in the inner membrane of Escherichia coli. To reach their target, these colicins first bind to a receptor located on the outer membrane and then are translocated through the envelope. Colicins are subdivided into two groups according ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.177.17.4935-4939.1995
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biberstein, Ernst L. (University of California, Davis) and Patricia D. Spencer. Oxidative metabolism of Haemophilus species grown at different levels of hemin supplementation. J. Bacteriol. 84:916-920. 1962.-Haemophilus strains were propagated on hemin-deficient and hemin-supplemented media and tested on various subst...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.84.5.916-920.1962
更新日期:1962-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exfoliative toxin type B is produced by bacteriophage group II strains of Staphylococcus aureus and is a causative agent of staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome. In addition to exfoliative toxin B, most isolates also produce a bacteriocin and are immune to the action of the bacteriocin. These phenotypes, as well as re...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.166.2.574-580.1986
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ompR and envZ genes, which together constitute the ompB operon, are involved in osmoregulatory expression of the OmpF and OmpC proteins, major outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli. The envZ11 mutation results in the OmpF- OmpC-constitutive phenotype. A mutant which suppressed defects caused by the envZ11 mu...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.168.3.1309-1314.1986
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biochemical basis for the acquired or natural resistance of various gram-positive organisms to glycopeptides was studied by high-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of their peptidoglycan UDP-MurNAc-peptide precursors. In all cases, resistance was correlated with partial or complete replacement of the C-termi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.176.8.2398-2405.1994
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli nusA gene, nusAEc, encodes an essential protein that influences transcription elongation. Derivatives of E. coli in which the Salmonella typhimurium nusA gene, nusASt, has replaced nusAEc are viable. Thus, NusASt can substitute for NusAEc in supporting essential bacterial activities. However, hybr...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.176.5.1394-1404.1994
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gcr2 null mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grows well on glucose in spite of its lower level of glycolytic enzymes between triose phosphates and pyruvate. A quantitative analysis shows that these levels are adequate to the flux but glycerate phosphates are elevated. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.15.4719-4723.1999
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of the toluene-responsive sigma(54) Pu promoter of the pWW0 TOL plasmid of Pseudomonas putida is down-regulated in vivo during exponential growth in rich medium and also by the presence of glucose in the culture. Although the Pu promoter already performs poorly during log growth in minimal medium when ame...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.182.4.956-960.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli outer membrane protein Tsx functions as a nucleoside-specific channel and serves as the receptor for colicin K and a number of T-even-type bacteriophages, including phage T6. To identify those segments of the Tsx protein that are important for its phage receptor function, we devised a selection an...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.10.2809-2817.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ribosomal subunits from Chloroflexus aurantiacus were isolated and examined by sucrose gradient sedimentation, gel electrophoresis, and electron microscopy. The 30S subunits had all the characteristic structural features of other eubacterial 30S subunits. The data support the proposal that the absence of the archaebac...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.155.2.900-902.1983
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of recombination-deficient strains of Escherichia coli are composed of three classes of cells: (i) viable cells, which can undergo 20 or more generations, (ii) residually dividing cells, which can undergo fewer than 20 generations (probably an average of fewer than 6), and (iii) nondividing cells, which are i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.118.1.242-249.1974
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli suffered 95 to 100% lethality when exposed to 1.0 mM paraquat for 30 min at 37 degrees C in aerobic nutrient broth medium but did not lose viability when the exposure was done in Vogel Bonner or tryptic soy yeast extract medium. Paraquat was, however, bacteriostatic in all of these media. Salts, added...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.167.1.346-349.1986
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated and determined the nucleotide sequence of a 1,626-base-pair fragment from R-plasmid R483 which encodes a trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence of this fragment revealed the presence of two open reading frames, each sufficient to encode polypeptides of appr...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.155.3.1001-1008.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alginates are polysaccharides composed of 1-4-linked beta-D-mannuronic acid and alpha-L-guluronic acid. The polymer can be degraded by alginate lyases, which cleave the polysaccharide using a beta-elimination reaction. Two such lyases have previously been identified in the soil bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii, as fol...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00455-09
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have characterized an acyl carrier protein (ACP) presumed to be involved in the synthesis of fatty acids in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). This is the third ACP to have been identified in S. coelicolor; the two previously characterized ACPs are involved in the synthesis of two aromatic polyketides: the blue-pigment...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.19.5660-5667.1996
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes is a model facultative intracellular pathogen. Tight regulation of virulence proteins is essential for a successful infection, and the gene encoding the annotated thioredoxin YjbH was identified in two forward genetic screens as required for virulence factor production. Accordingly, an L. monocy...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00099-20
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid synthesis was studied in both sporulating (diploid) and nonsporulating (haploid) cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two phases of lipid synthesis occur in diploid cells transferred to sporulation medium. Phase I, which occurs during the first 12 h of exposure to sporulation medium, was also observed in the haplo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.114.3.1158-1163.1973
更新日期:1973-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which iron uptake is facilitated by the siderophore rhodotorulic acid (RA) in the yeast Rhodotorula pilimanae was investigated with radioactively labeled Fe and RA and kinetically inert, chromic-substituted RA complexes. The weight of the evidence supports a model in which RA mediates iron transport t...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.136.1.69-74.1978
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenylate cyclases (ACs) catalyze the formation of 3',5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATP. A novel AC-encoding gene, cyaC, was isolated from Rhizobium etli by phenotypic complementation of an Escherichia coli cya mutant. The functionality of the cyaC gene was corroborated by its ability to restore cAMP accumulation in an E....
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.13.3560-3568.2002
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extracytoplasmic factor (ECF) sigma factor sigma(E) is one of the most studied sigma factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has been shown to be involved in virulence as well as in survival under conditions of high temperature, alkaline pH, and exposure to detergents and oxidative stress. Unlike many ECF sigma ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00622-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A thermophilic, sporeforming bacterium has been isolated from soil on a medium containing acetate as a carbon source. This organism is similar to Bacillus stearothermophilus in most respects but differs in its inability to hydrolyze starch. Isocitrate lyase is present in cell-free extracts of organisms grown in a medi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.93.2.703-710.1967
更新日期:1967-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed expression of a putative oligopeptide permease (Opp) of Borrelia burgdorferi. Unlike the opp operons of other bacteria for which there is a single substrate binding protein, B. burgdorferi codes for three substrate binding proteins (OppA-I to -III) in its opp operon and an additional two homologs on plasmi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.22.6198-6206.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal animal sera inhibit at least one Clostridium histolyticum proteinase. An assay procedure based on immune hemolysis was developed for the estimation of this inhibition. This inhibitory activity occurs in various levels in the sera of different animal species. The highest titers have been obtained with rat sera. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.96.6.1969-1976.1968
更新日期:1968-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA-binding assays using mobility shift polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of a protein that specifically bound to a restriction fragment -288 to -191 bp upstream from the transcriptional start point of strR, a regulatory gene for streptomycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces griseus. The binding sit...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.9.2652-2661.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the kinetics of beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) induction in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. Enzyme activity began to increase 10 to 15 min, about 1/10 of a cell generation, after the addition of inducer and continued to increase linearly for from 7 to 9 cell generations before reaching a maximum, some 12...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.142.3.777-785.1980
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is unique among bacteria in its large number of lipoproteins that are encoded by a small, exceptionally fragmented, and predominantly linear genome. Peripherally anchored in either the inner or outer membrane and facing either the periplasm or the external environment, ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00658-16
更新日期:2017-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphate acetyltransferase (PTA) and acetate kinase (AK) of the hyperthermophilic eubacterium Thermotoga maritima have been purified 1,500- and 250-fold, respectively, to apparent homogeneity. PTA had an apparent molecular mass of 170 kDa and was composed of one subunit with a molecular mass of 34 kDa, suggesting a h...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.6.1861-1867.1999
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 constitutive for fatty acid degradation (fadR) showed an increased rate of utilization of exogenous acetate. Acetate transport, oxidation, and incorporation into macromolecules was approximately fivefold greater in fadR mutants than fadR+ strains during growth on succinate as a carbon ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.148.1.83-90.1981
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of mutations causing alterations in ribosomal protein S21 was mapped close to dnaG, around 66.5 min on the Escherichia coli chromosomal linkage map. They cotransduced about 95% with this marker. These mutations define gene rpsU, which is very likely the structural gene for protein S21. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.144.2.603-607.1980
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00