Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To review recent advances in understanding the role of leptin in the physiology and pathophysiology of reproduction, with a focus on relevant clinical situations. DESIGN:A MEDLINE computer search was performed to identify relevant articles. RESULT(S):Leptin, an adipocyte hormone important in regulating energy homeostasis, interacts with the reproductive axis at multiple sites, with stimulatory effects at the hypothalamus and pituitary and inhibitory actions at the gonads. More recently, leptin has been shown to play a role in other target reproductive organs, such as the endometrium, placenta, and mammary gland, with corresponding influences on important physiologic processes such as menstruation, pregnancy, and lactation. As a marker of whether nutritional stores are adequate, leptin may act in concert with gonadotropins and the growth hormone axis to initiate the complex process of puberty. Conditions in which nutritional status is suboptimal, such as eating disorders, exercise-induced amenorrhea, and functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, are associated with low serum leptin levels; and conditions with excess energy stores or metabolic disturbances, such as obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome, often have elevated serum or follicular fluid leptin levels, raising the possibility that relative leptin deficiency or resistance may be at least partly responsible for the reproductive abnormalities that occur with these conditions. CONCLUSION(S):Leptin may act as the critical link between adipose tissue and the reproductive system, indicating whether adequate energy reserves are present for normal reproductive function. Future interventional studies involving leptin administration are expected to further clarify this role of leptin and may provide new therapeutic options for the reproductive dysfunction associated with states of relative leptin deficiency or resistance.
journal_name
Fertil Steriljournal_title
Fertility and sterilityauthors
Moschos S,Chan JL,Mantzoros CSdoi
10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03010-2keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-03-01 00:00:00pages
433-44issue
3eissn
0015-0282issn
1556-5653pii
S0015028201030102journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A patient with Nelson's syndrome whose pregnancy was complicated by symptomatic enlargement of an ACTH-producing pituitary tumor was described. Emergency ablative surgery was performed with successful outcomes for both mother and infant. ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48932-6
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For those patients who have multiple pregnancies there are several considerations that must be made. When the pregnancies are the result of induced ovulation there is a significant iatrogenic element. Counselling must be provided for couples throughout the entire process. From the beginning of the inductio n pr...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53689-9
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes between fresh embryo transfer (ET) and frozen-thawed ET (the "freeze-all" policy), with fresh ET performed only in cases without progesterone (P) elevation. DESIGN:Prospective, observational, cohort study. SETTING:Private IVF center. PATIENT(S):A total of 53...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.01.045
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) on morphologic outcome in children. DESIGN:Follow-up of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). SETTING:University hospital. PATIENT(S):Two-year-old children born to mothers who participated in an RCT on the efficacy of PGS: 50 children born af...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.10.024
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To present the success rates of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) cycles performed in 2001 in Canada. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Nineteen of 22 ART centers in Canada. PARTICIPANTS:Couples undergoing ART treatment in Canada during 2001. METHODS:Data on each ART cycle performed during...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.03.037
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After the introduction of new Belgian legislation limiting the number of transferable embryos to prevent multiple pregnancies after assisted reproductive technology, the implantation rate per embryo remained stable at 26% and the clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer did not change significantly (37.5% before an...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.087
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation between indices of air pollution and sperm parameters. DESIGN:Ecological study. SETTING:Contained geographic area. PATIENT(S):Resident men presenting for semen analysis or artificial insemination. INTERVENTION(S):Analysis of levels of particulate air pollution (particulate matter ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.089
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The level of the "Beaumont" protein present in serum was measured by a population of 223 black and 76 Caucasian women with different exposures to oral contraceptives (OCs). No differences were found in the values in nonusers, past users, current users, or new users of OCs. The values were higher in black nonusers and ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During an 18-month period 219 couples and 3 single women were counseled concerning private, non-agency adoption. Ninety-seven clients adopted privately a total of 105 babies. Thirty-one other couples are still actively pursuing adoption, 39 are no longer pursuing adoption, 13 became pregnant, 9 adopted through an agen...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46164-9
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the potential annual cost savings of methotrexate (MTX) therapy for ectopic pregnancy (EP) at our institution and nationally. DESIGN:Retrospective. SETTING:San Francisco General Hospital. PATIENTS:All patients treated for EP in 1991. INTERVENTIONS:Medical records and billing statements were re...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A randomized, prospective study was conducted to compare ovarian stimulation with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and human follicle-stimulating hormone (hFSH) in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) program. Minimal inclusion criteria included age less than or equal to 37, tubal infertility, reg...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60011-0
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After long-term estradiol deficiency, female rats displayed body mass gain accompanied by an increase in the size of adipocytes, an increase in hyperglycemia, and a decrease in insulinemia. The effects were reversed by daily estradiol treatment. Adiposity was suggested by the increased vascular endothelial growth fact...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.01.020
更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the expression of selected integrin subunit's messenger RNA (mRNA) in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle. DESIGN:A prospective comparative study. SETTING:Academic research environment. PATIENT(S):Premenopausal women with histologically normal endometrium who were undergoing hysterectomy...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00460-9
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To quantify the in vitro effects of gonadotropins on benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian cell lines. DESIGN:In vitro cell culture. SETTING:Research laboratory. PATIENT(S):None. INTERVENTION(S):Three hormonally sensitive ovarian neoplastic cell lines were exposed to control medium, FSH (40 mIU/mL), h...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03367-8
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To summarize the procedures and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) initiated in the United States in 1994. DESIGN:Data were collected on the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) Database program and submitted to KMPG Peat Marwick, who served as the 1994 collection center for th...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58621-x
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation at H19 ICR1 was investigated in the placenta from pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and from natural conception. Our results showed that there were no significant differences in mean methylation between all pregnancy groups; therefore, assisted reproduct...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.05.047
更新日期：2011-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of dienogest on the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in human endometrial epithelial cells. DESIGN:Prospective basic research study. SETTING:Pharmaceutical research center. PATIENT(S):None. INTERVENTION(S):Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):TLR4 in the immortalized ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.040
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A uteroglobin-like molecule was detected with a sensitive radioimmunoassay for rabbit uteroglobin in the uterine washings of women. This antigen was detectable only in small amounts in the uterine washings obtained from women in the late luteal phase or proliferative phase, but was detected in large amounts in uterine...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49399-4
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effectiveness of autologous endometrial coculture by the cycle day of the endometrial biopsy. DESIGN:Retrospective study. SETTING:University-based IVF center. PATIENT(S):Two hundred eight patients with multiple IVF failures. INTERVENTION(S):Embryos were split and randomly allocated to growt...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03134-5
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate concentration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in serum and follicular fluid (FF) at the time of oocyte retrieval and to detect expression of G-CSF and its receptor by luteinized granulosa cells (GCs). DESIGN:Collection of serum and FF at the time of oocyte retrieval. SETTING:A u...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.09.039
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Survey results demonstrate that the majority of fertility clinics in California are willing to care for couples affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) if legal restrictions are removed. In response to scientific advances and evolving clinical standards, California reversed the limitations placed on the provisi...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.09.013
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the prognostic and therapeutic value of a Lupron (leuprolide acetate; Tap Pharmaceuticals, North Chicago, IL) screening test before ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF). DESIGN:Prospective. SETTING:Outpatient IVF program. PATIENTS:Eighty patients exhibited four early estra...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54421-5
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the LH receptor (LHR) expression patterns in human granulosa cells (GCs) from antral to preovulatory stages, and to investigate a correlation to oocyte function. DESIGN:Luteinized preovulatory GCs were obtained from preovulatory follicles aspirated during IVF (≥ 17 mm). The GCs from small- (<10 ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.12.027
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe a woman with a nonmosaic (45,X) form of Turner's syndrome who gave birth to a girl with 45,X Turner syndrome. DESIGN:Patient report. SETTING:Outpatient clinic of a university hospital. PATIENT(S):A woman with typical phenotypic features of Turner syndrome and a 45,X karyotype and her daughter w...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.129
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To characterize and localize interleukin (IL)-1alpha and IL-1beta in human sperm cells. DESIGN:Prospective and comparative study. SETTING:Andrology clinic of a university hospital. PATIENT(S):Two groups of normogonadotropic men: 17 fertile men (donors with proved fertility) and 8 oligoteratoasthenospermic ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(00)00499-4
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent to which test accuracy studies published in two leading reproductive medicine journals in the years 1999 and 2004 adhered to the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) initiative parameters, and to explore whether the introduction of the STARD statement has led to an imp...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.03.050
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 6-day pregnant New Zealand White rabbits dosed intravenously with 3H-nicotine, the 3H-activity in the uterine fluid was approximately 5 to 11 times greater than that in the plasma at the corresponding times; 3H-nicotine itself accounted for most of this radioactivity. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) also accu...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue integrity of the regurgitated endometrium is pivotal to the development of endometriosis. Occult, submicroscopic lesions occur. Diagnostic laparoscopy may underestimate as well as overestimate the presence of endometriosis. ...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.122
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the association between follicular and serum nitric oxide (NO) levels and embryo development and outcome in IVF. DESIGN:Prospective, case-control study. SETTING:University hospital, tertiary medical center. PATIENT(S):Eighteen patients with tubal or peritoneal factor infertility and 18 female p...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.02.097
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the human, hyperprolactinemia may interfere with fertility. To find out whether or not prolactin (PRL) can act directly on human ovarian tissues, in vitro studies involving specific binding of human PRL to various human ovarian elements were carried out. Human PRL was isolated from amniotic fluid, and its intact mo...
journal_title：Fertility and sterility
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46456-3
更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00
