Abstract:
:The question of whether the mechanical stiffness of a coronary bypass or that of a diseased coronary artery can have a significant effect on the hemodynamics in these vessels is addressed analytically, with emphasis on the effects of wave reflections. The analysis is based on a model of the vessels involved, and the results show the essential hemodynamic effects in each vessel. It is found that in the absence of a bypass graft, wave reflections resulting from a narrowing and stiffening of a diseased coronary artery have the effect of actually aiding the flow in the diseased vessel. In the presence of a bypass graft, however, the effects of wave reflections are reversed and become adverse to flow in both the bypass graft and the diseased coronary artery. A stiffer bypass moderates these effects and is therefore preferable to a more elastic bypass. The adverse effects also depend critically on the relative diameter of the bypass. Here the results indicate that a bypass of smaller diameter than that of the native coronary artery can moderate and even reverse the adverse effects of wave reflections resulting from the presence of the bypass.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Alderson H,Zamir Mdoi
10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00113-0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-11-01 00:00:00pages
1455-62issue
11eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
S0021929001001130journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The clinical relevance of mechanical testing studies of cadaveric human thoracic spines could be enhanced by using follower preload techniques, by including the intact rib cage, and by measuring thoracic intervertebral disc pressures, but studies to date have not incorporated all of these components simultaneously. Th...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.02.038
更新日期:2016-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::Stem-cement and cement-bone interfacial failures as well as cement fractures have been noted in cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) as the cause of aseptic loosening. Attempts to reduce the risk of femoral component loosening include improving the stem-cement interface by various coatings, using a textured or porous...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.12.010
更新日期:2013-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a numerical model of hemodynamics arising from malaria infection. This model is based on a particle method, where all the components of blood are represented by the finite number of particles. A two-dimensional spring network of membrane particles is employed for expressing the deformation of malaria infect...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.01.011
更新日期:2010-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Which of the elementary components (hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals, collagen, non-collagenous organic matter, water) do significantly contribute to the ultrastructural elastic stiffness magnitude and anisotropy of mineralized tissues; and how, i.e. through which shapes and assemblages (which micromechanical morphology)?...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00080-5
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::None of the physical testing, nor the goniometers currently used to assess upper limb function have a high validity, sensitivity or reliability. The reachable workspace, i.e. the area covered by the farthest points a subject can reach by hand without moving his/her body, shows promise but has yet to be validated, part...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.12.010
更新日期:2018-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::The ability for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) to affect changes in standing posture with functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) was explored using an anatomically inspired musculoskeletal model of the trunk, pelvis and lower extremities (LE). The model tracked trajectories for anteriorly and laterally ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.12.020
更新日期:2011-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare three camera calibration approaches applied to underwater applications: (1) static control points with nonlinear DLT; (2) moving wand with nonlinear camera model and bundle adjustment; (3) moving plate with nonlinear camera model. The DVideo kinematic analysis system was used f...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.01.004
更新日期:2012-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::We searched for the consequences of a maximal static foot inversion sustained until exhaustion on the post-exercise stationary upright standing and the proprioceptive control of the foot muscles. Twelve healthy subjects executed an unilateral maximal static foot inversion during which continuous power spectrum analyse...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.04.005
更新日期:2013-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanical properties of vertebrate erythrocytes depend on their cytoskeletal protein networks. Membrane skeleton proteins spectrin and protein 4.1 (4.1R) cross-link with actin to maintain membrane stability under mechanical stress. Phosphorylation of 4.1R alters the affinity of 4.1R for spectrin-actin binding and...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.07.022
更新日期:2014-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Age-related changes in bone quality are mainly manifested in the reduced toughness. Since the post-yield deformation of bone is realized through microdamage formation (e.g., microcracking and diffuse damage), it is necessary to understand the mechanism of microdamage formation in bone in order to elucidate underlying ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.01.009
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing effective therapeutics for osteoarthritis (OA) necessitates that such molecules can reach and target chondrocytes within articular cartilage. However, predicting how well very large therapeutic molecules diffuse through cartilage is often difficult, and the relationship between local transport mechanics for...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.10.019
更新日期:2019-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Pedicle-screw-based motion preservation systems are often used to support a slightly degenerated disc. Such implants are intended to reduce intradiscal pressure and facet joints forces, while having a minimal effect on the motion patterns. In a probabilistic finite element study with subsequent sensitivity analysis, t...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.07.018
更新日期:2010-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine which factor is the most likely one to have stimulated the mineralization process in the in vitro experiments of Klein-Nulend et al. (Arth. Rheum., 29, 1002-1009, 1986), in which fetal cartilaginous metatarsals were externally loaded with an intermittent hydrostatic pressure,...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00165-1
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Achieving stability is a prerequisite for allowing bone to grow into the porous surface of non-cemented acetabular cups. The purpose of this study is to estimate the effects of interfacial characteristics on relative cyclical micromotion between cup and bone during gait in the immediate postoperative phase. The techni...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00112-3
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Global Positioning System (GPS) offers many advantages over conventional methods for the determination of subject speed during biomechanical studies. Recent advances in GPS technology, in particular the implementation of the Wide-Angle Augmentation System and European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (WAAS...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.07.028
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes a method for adjusting biomechanics platform measures of sway for loss of balance. Area and velocity measures of sway were determined in forty-seven elderly women, in double and single leg stance, first with their eyes open, then closed. Subjects were rarely able to complete 10 s trials during sin...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(90)90025-x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the main determinants of perfusion distribution within an organ is the structure of its vascular network. Past studies were based on angiography or corrosion casting and lacked quantitative three dimensional, 3D, representation. Based on branching rules and other properties derived from such imaging, 3D vascula...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.027
更新日期:2013-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Strength, or maximum joint torque, is a fundamental factor governing human movement, and is regularly assessed for clinical and rehabilitative purposes as well as for research into human performance. This study aimed to identify the most appropriate protocol for fitting a maximum voluntary torque function to experimen...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.11.024
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Among the most common causes of upper extremity fracture is a fall on the outstretched hand. Yet few data exist on the biomechanical factors which affect injury risk during this event. In this study, we measured impact forces during low-height (0-5 cm), forward falls onto the outstretched hand, and found that these ar...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00137-7
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::More extensive characterization of trabecular connectivity and intertrabecular space will be instrumental in understanding disease states and designing engineered bone. This project presents an experimental protocol to define the directional dependence of transport properties as measured from healthy cancellous bone w...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00082-3
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In highly aligned connective tissues, such as tendon, collagen fibrils are linked together by proteoglycans (PGs). Recent mechanical and theoretical studies on tendon micromechanics have implied that PGs mediate mechanical interactions between adjacent collagen fibrils. We used transmission electron microscopy to obse...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.12.011
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical testing of soft tissues would ideally rely on using fresh specimens. In the event that fresh tissues are not readily available, alternative measures, such as storing fresh specimens at -80 °C, could be considered. Previous studies have shown that changes in the mechanical properties of the tissues due to fr...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109462
更新日期:2020-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::There are almost no published data that describe the creep behavior of trabecular bone (at the specimen level), even though the creep behavior of cortical bone has been well documented. In an effort to characterize the creep behavior of trabecular bone and to compare it with that of cortical bone, we performed uniaxia...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)90006-x
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sub-cellular mechanical loads on the behavior of fibroblasts was investigated using magnetoelastic (ME) materials, a type of material that produces mechanical vibrations when exposed to an external magnetic AC field. The integration of this functionality into implant surfaces could mitigate excessive fib...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.02.007
更新日期:2018-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::The Terry Fox jogging (TFJ) prosthesis was developed at Chedoke-McMaster Hospital to alleviate the asymmetric jogging pattern experienced by above-knee amputees when attempting to jog with conventional walking prostheses. This prosthesis features a spring-loaded, telescoping shank designed to eliminate any vaulting ac...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(89)90006-7
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consistent measurement of maximum running speed overground is problematic due to the difficulty in precise, continual measurement of speed, and the substantial workload in accelerating the body promoting the onset of fatigue. Treadmills remove the requirement for acceleration which enables more repeats. They also allo...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.07.024
更新日期:2009-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::A finite-element micromechanics model for Haversian cortical bone tissue has been developed and studied. The model is an extension of two-dimensional micromechanics techniques for fiber-reinforced composite materials. Haversian systems, or secondary osteons, are considered to be the fiber component, and interstitial l...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(92)90095-i
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular alignment studies have shown that cell orientation has a large effect on the expression and behavior of cells. Cyclic strain and substrate microtopography have each been shown to regulate cellular alignment. This study examined the combined effects of these two stimuli on the alignment of bovine vascular smoo...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.11.027
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Musculo-skeletal modeling could play a key role in advancing our understanding of the healthy and pathological spine, but the credibility of such models are strictly dependent on the accuracy of the anatomical data incorporated. In this study, we present a complete and coherent musculo-skeletal dataset for the thoraci...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.04.003
更新日期:2017-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the current study was to use fluoroscopy to accurately determine the three-dimensional (3D), in vivo, weight-bearing kinematics of 10 normal and five anterior cruciate ligament deficient (ACLD) knees. Patient-specific bone models were derived from computed tomography (CT) data. 3D computer bone models...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.02.042
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00