Abstract:
:The role of attention in the production of smoking behavior was investigated. Experienced and novice smokers were asked to perform a reaction time (RT) task under 4 conditions: while smoking (smoking), while mimicking all aspects of smoking except inhaling (pseudosmoking), while simply holding a cigarette (holding), and while not smoking (baseline). Experienced smokers' RTs increased during the pseudosmoking and holding conditions compared with baseline but did not differ between the smoking and baseline conditions, suggesting that attentional resources were not required for typical smoking behavior but were required to alter or inhibit smoking behavior. Novice smokers' RTs were slower during both the smoking and pseudosmoking conditions but not the holding condition, suggesting that novice smokers require the use of resources to smoke. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the differences in RT across conditions could not be explained by differences in urges.
journal_name
J Abnorm Psycholjournal_title
Journal of abnormal psychologyauthors
Baxter BW,Hinson REdoi
10.1037//0021-843x.110.1.59keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-02-01 00:00:00pages
59-66issue
1eissn
0021-843Xissn
1939-1846journal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Understanding how specific genes contribute to risk for addiction remains challenging. This study tests whether childhood temperament and externalizing behavior in early adolescence account for a portion of the association between specific genetic variants and substance use problems in late adolescence. The sample con...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000143
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tests the hypothesis that psychopathy-prone adolescents show reduced anticipatory skin conductance responding. Electrodermal activity was recorded while participants anticipated and responded to a 105 dB signaled or unsignaled white-noise burst. Using an extreme groups design, the authors used Child Psychop...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.2.187
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study examined vulnerability to depression during the transition from early to middle adolescence from the perspective of the response styles theory. During an initial assessment, 382 adolescents (ages 11-15 years) completed self-report measures assessing rumination and depressive symptoms as well as a sem...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0022796
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors tested the cognitive vulnerability hypotheses of depression with a retrospective behavioral high-risk design. Individuals without current Axis I diagnoses who exhibited either negative or positive cognitive styles were compared on lifetime prevalence of depressive and other disorders and the clinical param...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main purpose of the present study was to examine implicit and explicit self-esteem (SE) in patients with persecutory delusions. In samples of paranoid patients, depressed patients, and healthy controls, implicit SE was assessed using the experimental go/no-go association task, whereas explicit SE was measured usin...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0022856
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depressive symptoms among pregnant and postpartum women are common. However, recent studies indicate that depressive symptoms in the perinatal period do not follow a uniform course, and investigations of the heterogeneity of time courses and associated factors are needed. The aim of this study was to explore whether d...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000246
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two fear-relevant imagery scripts were used as conditioned stimuli (CSs) in a differential learning paradigm with 5.5% CO2-enriched air as unconditioned stimulus (US). In another condition, 2 neutral scripts were used as CSs (N = 56). Within each condition, one script was imagined while breathing the CO2-enriched air ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.108.1.143
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive-behavioral models of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) propose that information-processing biases--in particular, selective attention to a defect in one's appearance as well as improved aesthetical perception--might contribute to the development or maintenance of the disorder. In the present study, the authors ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.117.2.435
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experimental tasks were used to investigate the nature of a previously documented bias in attention associated with anxiety. Results from the first task failed to reveal any differences between anxious and nonanxious subjects, either in attention focusing or selective search for letters. The second task, with word...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.99.2.166
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to clarify the role of the two broad components of psychopathy (interpersonal/affective and social deviance; R. D. Hare, 2003) in explaining maladaptive response perseveration in psychopaths, as well as the role of reflection after punished responses in this deficit, the authors administered a card perseverat...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.116.3.632
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pain and fear often co-occur and appear to interact, although the nature and direction of their relation is not clearly delineated. The present study investigates how exposure to the experience of one of these states subsequently affects responding to the other. Pressure stimulation and carbon dioxide-enriched air (CO...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.115.4.821
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at an increased risk for substance use but the pathways through which this risk emerges are insufficiently understood. Tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana outcomes were compared between adolescents diagnosed with ADHD in early childhood (N = 113) and dem...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0036585
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten sexually functional and 10 dysfunctional men viewed sexually explicit films following ingestion of each of three placebo pills described as an erection enhancement pill, an erection detraction pill, and a placebo pill. Functionals evidenced a reverse placebo effect with significantly higher erectile response under...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.4.525
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory studies suggest that bipolar disorder is characterized by emotion dysregulation, yet emotion disturbance has not been systematically described using more ecologically valid methods. Using an experience-sampling approach, we therefore sought to investigate positive and negative emotionality, emotion regulati...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0034425
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antisocial behavior (AB) in adolescence predicts problematic outcomes in adulthood. However, researchers have noted marked heterogeneity within the broad group of youth engaging in these destructive behaviors and have attempted to identify those with distinct etiologies and different trajectories of symptoms. In the p...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000029
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clients in treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) were compared to a control group to assess the extent and nature of imagery during worry or while thinking about a personally relevant positive future event. Two methods were used to assess mentation and were completed in counter balanced order within the wor...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0024947
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the role of childhood abuse and neglect in sensitizing adolescents to the effects of proximal stressful life events in a cross-sectional sample of 103 depressed and nondepressed adolescents. Consistent with hypotheses, adolescents with a history of childhood abuse and/or neglect reported a lower le...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.115.4.730
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Self-discrepancy theory proposes that anxiety and depression are the result of different types of conflicting self-beliefs. This study examined self-discrepancies in four groups of university students who completed a questionnaire assessing levels of self-discrepancy and were characterized by the following disorders: ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.2.282
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of clinical science as a field depends on the work of engaged mentors nurturing future generations of scientists. Effective research mentoring has been shown to predict positive outcomes, including greater scholarly productivity, reduced attrition, and increased satisfaction with training and/or employment,...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000478
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although high-risk research suggests that children of depressed mothers are at increased risk for psychological disorders, the mechanisms of this risk are not well understood. In the current study, the information processing of children of depressed mothers was compared with that of children whose mothers were not dep...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.108.2.202
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complicated grief (CG) is characterized by a wide range of symptoms, including identity confusion or a sense that a part of oneself has died with the decedent. Although identity confusion is a commonly reported feature of CG, little is known about which specific aspects of self-concept are compromised. In the current ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000520
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multidimensional trait system has been proposed for representing personality disorder (PD) features in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) to address problematic classification issues such as comorbidity. In this model, which may also assist in providing scaffolding...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0027669
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2 studies, delusional participants assigned higher probabilities to narratives of actual delusions than participants with no history of delusions; previously delusional participants did not differ significantly from delusional participants or participants with no history of delusions. In Study 2, the authors found ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.110.2.259
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inference from the cognitive theories of depression is that only a subset of depressed individuals should exhibit distinctively negative cognitive styles. Although this inference has been supported by previous research, attempts to characterize these depressives have yielded few identifying variables. This study of...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.103.3.419
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted an audit of 60 clinical psychology journals, covering the first 2 quartiles by impact factor on Web of Science. We evaluated editorial policies in 5 domains crucial to reproducibility and transparency (prospective registration, data sharing, preprints, endorsement of reporting guidelines and conflict of i...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000414
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cohen and Wills (Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A., 1985, Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310-357) described two broad models whereby social support could mitigate the deleterious effects of stress on health: a main effect model and stress-buffering model. A specific applicati...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0032501
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The original hypothesis of Dixon, Brunet, and Laurence (1990) that highly hypnotizable (HH) subjects process words more automatically than do low hypnotizable (LH) subjects was retested in a paradigm that separated strategic from automatic processes in the Stroop color-naming task. The words red and blue preceded a co...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.2.344
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research indicates that life events involving goal attainment and goal striving trigger hypomania/mania and that negative life events trigger bipolar depression. These findings are consistent with the behavioral approach system (BAS) dysregulation model of bipolar disorders, which suggests that individuals with bipola...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0019533
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychophysiological reactivity to nonaversive (1-KHz, 70-db tones) and aversive stimuli (shock) was examined in nonalcoholic men with multigenerational family histories (MFH) of alcoholism and family history negative (FH-) men, while sober and after consuming alcohol. In comparison with FH- Ss, sober MFH Ss had signif...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.99.1.79
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although psychopathy usually is treated as a unitary construct, a seminal theory posits that there are 2 variants: Primary psychopathy is underpinned by an inherited affective deficit, whereas secondary psychopathy reflects an acquired affective disturbance. The authors investigated whether psychopathy phenotypically ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.116.2.395
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00