Abstract：
:Our growing understanding of the immune response mechanism has created a wave of novel biologic agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The domain of biologic agents includes: 1) Recombinant regulatory cytokines; 2) engineered molecules and monoclonal antibodies that target proinflammatory cytokines; 3) monoclonal antibodies against lymphocyte cell-surface proteins; 4) fusion proteins and monoclonal antibodies that block the second signal and induce anergy; 5) vaccines comprised of specific proteins from lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells; 6) monoclonal antibodies that block intercellular adhesion; and 6) gene therapy whereby antiarthritis genes are introduced directly into the joint. Most treatments remain under investigation; however, in 1998 two antagonists of tumor necrosis factor were approved marking the first approvals of antirheumatic biologic agents. For the first time anti-rheumatic therapies are being designed instead of borrowed.
journal_name
Curr Rheumatol Repjournal_title
Current rheumatology reportsauthors
Bulpitt KJdoi
10.1007/s11926-999-0013-5keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-12-01 00:00:00pages
157-63issue
2eissn
1523-3774issn
1534-6307journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Congenital heart block (CHB) can occur in association with structural heart disease, such as atrioventricular septal defects, left atrial isomerism, and abnormalities of the great arteries, with tumors, such as mesotheliomas, or as an isolated defect. In 1928, Aylward reported the occurrence of CHB in two children who...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-003-0024-6
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonatal lupus is a disease characterized by one or more of the following findings: congenital heart block, cardiomyopathy, cutaneous lupus lesions, hepatobiliary disease, and thrombocytopenia. Accumulating evidence indicates that the disease is probably caused by maternal autoantibodies, particularly autoantibodies o...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-996-0009-3
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that results in generalized bone loss and increased fracture risk. Characteristic radiologic features of rheumatoid arthritis include periarticular osteopenia and marginal erosions. An emerging literature highlights the importance of osteoclasts as mediators of th...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-012-0253-7
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep disturbance is one of the most common comorbid problems for chronic pain patients. The association between the two phenomena has long been recognized, but the nature of the relationship is not well-understood. Many agree that the relationship is likely bidirectional. In this review, we focus on one side of the r...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-011-0204-8
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiphospholipid syndrome is an important cause of neurologic morbidity. The clinical criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome include only cerebrovascular arterial and venous thrombosis, but many other neurologic manifestations have been associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). This review discusses the role ...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-007-0004-3
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a major source of pain and disability worldwide. OA-associated pain is usually refractory to classically used analgesics, and disease-modifying therapies are still lacking. Therefore, a better understanding of mechanisms and mediators contri...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-018-0716-6
更新日期：2018-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Medical treatment with urate-lowering therapy (ULT) is efficacious. A recent publication suggested that surgery in gout is more prevalent than previously reported. This revelation led us to review what is known about surgical treatment of gout. RECENT FINDINGS:The Google Scholar database (January 1, ...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-020-00969-6
更新日期：2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Several entities have been carefully investigated for the symptomatic and structural management of osteoarthritis. The most compelling evidence of a potential for inhibiting the structural progression of osteoarthritis has been obtained with glucosamine sulfate, while some preliminary results also suggest that chondro...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-000-0023-9
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although exercise in the form of stretching, strength maintenance, and aerobic conditioning is generally considered beneficial to patients with fibromyalgia (FM), there is no reliable evidence to explain why exercise should help alleviate the primary symptom of FM, namely pain. Study results are varied and do not prov...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-001-0009-2
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:One justification for using expensive biologic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been that it can reduce future healthcare utilization such as joint surgeries and physician visits. However, the evidence to support this assertion is unclear. We conducted a review of the literature for studies wh...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-017-0680-6
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiphospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and International Networking (APS ACTION) is the first-ever international network created to design and conduct large-scale, multicenter clinical trials and research in persistently antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-positive patients. Since its inception in 2010, th...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-016-0611-y
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hereditary hemochromatosis is a frequent disease in Caucasian populations. It leads to progressive iron overload in a variety of organs. The most common cause is the C282Y homozygous mutation in the HFE gene. The classical triad of skin hyperpigmentation, diabetes, and liver cirrhosis is nowadays rare but musculoskele...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-013-0393-4
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The classification of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) has been revised with the introduction of the ASAS classification criteria. Although this has best been described in ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis, there are population studies evaluating the epidemiology of the different subgroups of SpA. In this paper, w...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-013-0351-1
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health outcomes and their measures used as end points in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient care and clinical trials have been varied and are still evolving. Although significant reductions in morbidity and mortality in SLE have been achieved, the medications approved for SLE have remained the same during the ...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-010-0105-2
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vasculitides are a group of protean diseases, some of which are caused by conditions including infections, other autoimmune diseases, or neoplasias. They are a challenge to the clinician, in terms of both diagnosis and therapy. No diagnostic criteria exist, although a multinational effort to develop them is in pro...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-014-0422-y
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the pathogenesis of SLE remains poorly understood, there is consensus that it involves a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. New technologies applied to genomic and gene expression studies have revealed novel gene mutations and cytokine alterations in this disease. Recently, advances ...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-005-0045-4
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gout is the most common inflammatory arthropathy and occurs in the setting of elevated serum urate levels. Gout is also known to be associated with multiple comorbidities including cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. Recent advances in research have increased our understanding and improved our knowledge...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-012-0309-8
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasculitis is defined as inflammation of blood vessels and can affect multiple organs. Several classification systems exist to categorize vasculitis such as vessel size, presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, pathogenesis of the inflammation, and type of inflammatory cell infiltrate. Cutaneous vasculitis oc...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-005-0037-4
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) plays a critical role in the development of tissue fibrosis. Its expression is consistently elevated in affected organs and correlates with increased extracellular matrix deposition. During the last few years, tremendous progress has been made in understanding the molecular a...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-002-0010-4
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) associated with thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity. However, there is a range of other manifestations associated with APS, called non-criteria manifestations that add significant morbidity to this syndrome and, some of them, repre...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-015-0502-7
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the link between malignancy and vasculitis has been known for some time, the association of vasculitis and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) has only recently been reported. This article reviews the most current and landmark publications regarding MDS, as well as malignancy-associated vasculitis. We include theorie...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-012-0281-3
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Upregulated adhesion molecule and cytokine expression on endothelial cells and infiltrating inflammatory cells occur in most vasculitis syndromes. These observations suggest that vasculitis is associated with pathologic activation of normal immune cell cytokine cascades. Abnormal expression of adhesion molecules and c...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-000-0040-8
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The World Health Organization criteria for classification of bone mineral density (BMD) cannot be applied to premenopausal women because the relationship between BMD and fracture risk is not the same as in postmenopausal women. Approximately 2.5% of premenopausal women have BMD that is more than 2.0 standard deviation...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-005-0008-9
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review paper is to provide an overview of the relationship between obesity, osteoarthritis, arthroplasty outcomes, and the potential use of bariatric surgery to improve these outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS:Unfortunately, the findings in the currently available literature evaluating the...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-018-0717-5
更新日期：2018-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent increase in the number of patients taking opioids chronically for pain has not yielded the expected benefits in reduction of symptoms and improved function. Chronic pain patients typically respond well initially to opioid medications, but regular use is associated with adverse psychological and physical eff...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-012-0311-1
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is characterized by inflammation and new bone formation in the spine and entheses. The disease is the result of a complex interplay among susceptibility genes, microbial triggers, inflammation of bone marrow, and the enthesial structures and new bone formation. This article gives a conceptual o...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11926-011-0202-x
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of the complement system plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). For the past several decades, quantifying this process has focused primarily on determination of serum C3 and C4, although the utility of these assays for diagnosis and monitoring disease activity is...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-004-0012-5
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Large epidemiologic studies of gout can improve insight into the etiology, pathology, impact, and management of the disease. Identification of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, but its application is often not possible in large studies. Therefore, under such circumsta...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11926-010-0157-3
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) has proven useful as a cancer screening technique in patients with inflammatory myopathy, mainly dermatomyositis. In this review, we focus on advances in this direction and other potential applications of PET/CT in patients with...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-019-0864-3
更新日期：2019-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:An increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is reported. The absolute cardiovascular risk in RA patients is higher than in the general population, and although the RA prognosis has gradually improved, premature cardiovascular (CV) mortality remains a matter ...
journal_title：Current rheumatology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11926-018-0790-9
更新日期：2018-11-05 00:00:00
