Density-dependent growth of normal and nodular hepatocytes.

abstract：:Inhibition of regulated exocytosis by botulinum toxins type A and B was studied in chromaffin cells. Both virtually abolished catecholamine release triggered from intact cells by depolarising stimuli, whereas the blockade by type A, but not B, was only partial after cell permeabilisation and direct stimulation of exoc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lawrence GW,Foran P,Oliver Dolly J

更新日期：2002-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The nitric oxide (NO) donor, O(2)-vinyl 1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (V-PYRRO/NO), is metabolized by P450 enzymes to release NO in the liver and possibly other tissues. V-PYRRO/NO has been shown to be hepatoprotective, but little is known about its effect in the kidney, another organ rich in P450s. Thus...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Li C,Liu J,Saavedra JE,Keefer LK,Waalkes MP

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disorders in the barrier function and secretory activity of the placenta can be caused by xenobiotics (XB) present in the environment and their accumulation in tissues of living organisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,-bis-4-chlorophenyl-ethane (DDT) and its metaboli...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wojciechowska A,Mlynarczuk J,Kotwica J

更新日期：2017-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1975, in cooperation with 8 County Hygienic Stations, total mercury content in fish from rivers and lakes in Hungary was measured. The mercury content in fish muscle-tissue from 164 fish samples averaged 0.36 mg/kg. Average levels in different fish species ranged from 0.10 to 0.57 mg/kg. The amount of mercury in fi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gergely A,Soós K,Erdélyi L,Cieleszky V

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gordonia axillaris (Roxb.) Dietrich (Theaceae) is a native to Taiwan and the leaves have been used as an astringent folk medicine. Camelliin B (CB), a macrocyclic hydrolyzable tannin, was isolated from G. axillaris and showed cytotoxic effects in human carcinoma cells. Among the target cells (SKHep-1, Ha-22T, DU-145, ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wang CC,Chen LG,Yang LL

更新日期：2001-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:T-2 toxin belongs to a group of mycotoxins synthesized by Fusarium fungi that are widely encountered as natural contaminants in cereals. Human lymphoid cell lines of T (MOLT-4) or B (IM-9) lineage were used to characterize the cytotoxic effects mediated by T-2 at different concentrations (0.1 pg/ml to 1 microg/ml). Af...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Minervini F,Fornelli F,Lucivero G,Romano C,Visconti A

更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well-known that organotellurium compounds can have antioxidant activity in vitro, but in vivo these compounds can be potentially toxic to rodents. Here we investigated the potential in vitro and ex vivo toxicity of a new beta-organochalcogenyl vinylphosphonate, the diethyl 2-phenyl-2 tellurophenyl vinylphosphona...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： de Avila DS,Beque MC,Folmer V,Braga AL,Zeni G,Nogueira CW,Soares FA,Rocha JB

更新日期：2006-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Although NO2-induced cytotoxic responses have been well characterized, the specific mechanisms responsible for initiating toxicity remain equivocal. The inhomogeneous distribution of epithelial injury suggests that differential interactions between NO2 and the lung surfaces may contribute to the extent of regional res...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Postlethwait EM,Bidani A

更新日期：1994-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydroquinone (HQ) is naturally found in the diet, drugs, as an environmental contaminant and endogenously generated after benzene exposure. Considering that HQ alters the immune system and its several source of exposures in the environment, we hypothesized that prolonged exposure of HQ could affect the course of an im...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Macedo SM,Vaz SC,Lourenço EL,de Sousa Mda G,Ligeiro-Oliveira AP,Ferreira JM Jr,Almeida SR,de Lima WT,Farsky SH

更新日期：2007-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have the potential to interfere with the hormonal system and may negatively influence human health. Microarray analysis was used in this study to investigate differential gene expression in human peripheral blood cells (PBMCs) after in vitro exposure to EDCs. PBMCs, isolated from ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wens B,De Boever P,Verbeke M,Hollanders K,Schoeters G

更新日期：2013-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoblasts dysfunction, induced by aluminum (Al), plays a critical role in the osteoporosis etiology. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has the therapeutic properties for osteoporosis. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of Rb1 in ameliorating Al-induced osteoblasts dysfunction. The osteoblasts were divided into four group...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Zhu Y,Hu C,Zheng P,Miao L,Yan X,Li H,Wang Z,Gao B,Li Y

更新日期：2016-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A neuron spinal chord x hybrid (NSC-34) cell culture derived from neonatal mouse was characterized for studies on mercury toxicity. Exposure of NSC-34 cells to methyl mercury chloride (MeHgCl) (0-16 microM) resulted in significant dose-dependent cell damage and death (P < 0.05). MeHgCl was more toxic than inorganic me...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chapman LA,Chan HM

更新日期：1999-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds (e.g. chromates) are strong oxidants that readily enter cells where they are reduced to reactive Cr intermediates that can directly oxidize some cell components and can promote the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Inhalation is a major route of exposure which d...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Myers JM,Antholine WE,Myers CR

更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A clonal cell line, R40F, was selected from a heterogenous population of Cd2+ and Zn2+-resistant CHO-K1 cells. These R40F cells demonstrated resistance to 120- and 4-fold higher concentrations of Cd2+ and Zn2+, respectively, than did wild type CHO-K1 cells. When cultured in the presence of low concentrations of Cd2+ (...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gick GG,McCarty KS Sr

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dimethoate, azinphos-methyl, diazinon and pirimiphos-methyl, widely used organophosphorous insecticides, and benomyl, a benzimidazole fungicide, induce different cytotoxic effects on the human leukemia cell line HL-60. Among the insecticides tested, only azinphos and diazinon induced a dose-related inhibition of prote...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Marinovich M,Guizzetti M,Galli CL

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our previous study revealed that exposure to 0.4 ppm ozone (O(3)) enhanced nasal allergy-like reactions in guinea pigs. In the present study, we investigated the concentration-dependency of the effects of exposure to O(3) on the aggravation of nasal allergy-like reactions induced by repeated nasal administration of an...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Iijima MK,Kobayashi T

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrethroids are a class of insecticides involved in different neurological disorders. They cross the blood-brain barrier and exert their effect on dopaminergic system, contributing to the burden of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease through several pathways. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nasuti C,Gabbianelli R,Falcioni ML,Di Stefano A,Sozio P,Cantalamessa F

更新日期：2007-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Colicins are unusual bacterial toxins because they are directed against close relatives of the producing strain. They kill their targets in one of three distinct ways; via a ribonuclease or deoxyribonuclease activity or by forming pores in the target cell's membrane. This review deals with the steps involved in pore-f...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lakey JH,van der Goot FG,Pattus F

更新日期：1994-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Consequences of exposure of rats for 2 days or less to O3 at various concentrations between 0.12 and 0.96 ppm were measured using several assays performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Changes in apparent lung permeability were assessed by measurement of recovery of labelled bovine serum albumin in lung lavage flui...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Guth DJ,Warren DL,Last JA

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an inhibitor of phenol-sulfotransferases and has been used to ascertain the role of sulfation in toxicology. Recently, molybdate has been shown to inhibit the sulfation of various chemicals by decreasing hepatic concentrations of the cosubstrate, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS)....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Boles JW,Klaassen CD

更新日期：2000-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Following carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury, hepatotrophic factors are synthesized and released into the serum to facilitate the regeneration of damaged hepatic tissue. We investigated the possibility that immunosuppression could be mediated through induction of a serum factor(s) because in vivo exposure of B6...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Delaney B,Kaminski NE

更新日期：1993-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The protective effect of telmisartan, the angiotensin II-receptor antagonist, against liver toxicity induced by sodium arsenite (5 mg/kg/day, p.o., for 30 days) was investigated in mice. Telmisartan treatment (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was applied for 30 days, starting on the same day of arsenic administration. Telmisartan ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Fouad AA,Al-Mulhim AS,Jresat I

更新日期：2012-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracts from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. belong to the most widely used phytopharmaceuticals. In crude Ginkgo extracts, ginkgolic acids (GA) and related alkylphenols (e.g. cardanols and cardols) have been recognized as hazardous compounds with suspected cytotoxic, allergenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hecker H,Johannisson R,Koch E,Siegers CP

更新日期：2002-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of mercury (Hg(2+)) and selenite (Se(4+)) on delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (delta-ALA-D) activity, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nonprotein sulfhydryl content (NPSH) in mouse kidney and liver were investigated. Male mice were given a single i.p. injection of Hg(2+) and/or Se...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Farina M,Brandão R,de Lara FS,Pagliosa LB,Soares FA,Souza DO,Rocha JB

更新日期：2003-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlordecone (CD) impairs biliary excretion of organic anions (including phenolphthalein glucuronide (PG), imipramine polar metabolites, and taurocholate) without evidence of hepatocellular necrosis in rats. In this study we investigated the hypothesis that CD-induced hepatobiliary dysfunction is dependent on CD concen...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Rochelle LG,Curtis LR

更新日期：1994-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:It is accepted practice in presenting organ weight data to express the results relative to the animal's body weight. The data presented suggest that in rats no benefits are obtained from this method either in reducing the variability of the data or in removing bias due to different body weights. By using simulated dat...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Stevens MT

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have implicated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the influences of different components remain largely elusive. Here, we extended our previous work to investigate th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wei H,Feng Y,Liang F,Cheng W,Wu X,Zhou R,Wang Y

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytotoxicity of CdCl2 and 2 isoforms of hepatic cadmium-metallothionein (CdMT I and II), was investigated using primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. The cell cultures were exposed to cadmium as CdCl2 or as either isoform of CdMT for a 20-h period at concentrations ranging from 50 to 500 ng Cd X ml-1. Cytotoxicity ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Beattie JH,Marion M,Denizeau F

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cruciferous vegetable consumption correlates with reduced risk of cancer. This chemopreventative activity may involve glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products. Glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates have been studied for their toxicity and chemopreventative properties, but other hydrolysis products (epithionitriles...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kadir NH,David R,Rossiter JT,Gooderham NJ

更新日期：2015-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Flame retardants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and tetrabromobisphenol A are used as flame retardants and detected in the environmental, wildlife species and human tissues. Exposure to PBDEs during the neonatal development of the brain has been shown to affect behavior and learning and memory in adult ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Viberg H,Eriksson P

更新日期：2011-10-28 00:00:00