Abstract:
:The influenza virus hemagglutinin polypeptides, HA1 and HA2, have been purified by gel filtration in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate from a vaccine preparation of the recombinant strain Heq1N2. Use of this technique for purification of the hemagglutinin polypeptides eliminated the need for proteolytic agents for removal of the hemagglutinin from the virus particles and 100-300 mg of virus yielded 10-30 mg of viral protein per chromatographic cycle. Because proteolysis is not required to remove the spikes from the viral envelope, the envelope-embedded HA2 polypeptide was purified in its entirety for structural analysis. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of the smaller polypeptide, HA2, revealed a cyclic repetition of glycyl residues through the first 24 residues at every third to fourth position. The sequence through the first 10 residues was identical to that presented by Skehel and Waterfield for other type A influenza viruses [(1975) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 93-97]. The HA1 (Heq/) polypeptide, on the other hand, had different amino acids at three or four out of the first 10 residues of the amino-terminal sequence when compared to HA1 from H0, H1, or H2 subtypes (Skehel and Waterfield). The present study has demonstrated the feasibility of the use of vaccine virus as a source of large quantities of viral protein for determination of primary structure.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Bucher DJ,Li SS,Kehoe JM,Kilbourne EDdoi
10.1073/pnas.73.1.238keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-01-01 00:00:00pages
238-42issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (nAChR) plays a crucial role in excitatory neurotransmission and is an important target for drugs and insecticides. Diverse nAChR subtypes with various subunit combinations confer differential selectivity for nicotinic drugs. We investigated the subtype selectivity of nAChR a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0711724105
更新日期:2008-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::129/SvEv mice with a loss-of-function mutation in the heterotrimeric G protein α-subunit gene Gnai3 have fusions of ribs and lumbar vertebrae, indicating a requirement for Gα(i) (the "inhibitory" class of α-subunits) in somite derivatives. Mice with mutations of Gnai1 or Gnai2 have neither defect, but loss of both Gna...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1219810110
更新日期:2012-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::Using antibodies that react selectively with peptide sequences unique to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), we demonstrate localizations to neuronal populations in the brain. In some brain regions, such as the cerebellum and olfactory bulb, eNOS and neuronal NOS (nNOS) occur in the same cell populations, though...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.10.4214
更新日期:1994-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Prions are composed solely of an alternatively folded isoform of the prion protein (PrP), designated PrP(Sc). N-terminally truncated PrP(Sc), denoted PrP 27-30, retains infectivity and polymerizes into rods with the ultrastructural and tinctorial properties of amyloid. We report here that some polyoxometalates (POMs) ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0812770106
更新日期:2009-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Sepiapterin reductase (7,8-dihydrobiopterin: NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.153) catalyzes the terminal step in the biosynthetic pathway for tetrahydrobiopterin, the cofactor necessary for aromatic amino acid hydroxylation. We report here the isolation of a cDNA clone for rat liver sepiapterin reductase. The cDNA has ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.16.6436
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas swims with two flagella that can synchronize their beat. Synchronized beating is required to swim both fast and straight. A long-standing hypothesis proposes that synchronization of flagella results from hydrodynamic coupling, but the details are not understood. Here, we presen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1300895110
更新日期:2013-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Cell cycle-controlled human histone genes are coordinately expressed during S phase, and transcriptional regulation involves a series of trans-acting factors (HiNFs). The proliferation-specific factor HiNF-D interacts with multiple recognition motifs in histone H4, H3, and H1 promoters. Using gel shift immunoassays, w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12882
更新日期:1994-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The B cell developmental pathway represents a leading system for the analysis of regulatory circuits that orchestrate cell fate specification and commitment. Considerable progress has been achieved within the past decade in the identification and genetic analysis of various regulatory components. These components incl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.0500480102
更新日期:2005-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::A purified EcoRI restriction endonuclease fragment that determines resistance to kanamycin and is incapable of self-replication was used to select autonomously replicating fragments from an EcoRI digest of a Salmonella typhimurium F' plasmid containing the chromosomal region believed to include the S. typhimurium orig...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.7.3097
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A potential human footprint on Western Central African rainforests before the Common Era has become the focus of an ongoing controversy. Between 3,000 y ago and 2,000 y ago, regional pollen sequences indicate a replacement of mature rainforests by a forest-savannah mosaic including pioneer trees. Although some studies...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1715336115
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::A predictive coarse-grained protein force field [associative memory, water-mediated, structure, and energy model for molecular dynamics (AWSEM)-MD] is used to study the energy landscapes and relative stabilities of amyloid-β protein (1-40) in the monomer and all of its oligomeric forms up to an octamer. We find that a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1612362113
更新日期:2016-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Catalysis at organophilic silica-rich surfaces of zeolites and feldspars might generate replicating biopolymers from simple chemicals supplied by meteorites, volcanic gases, and other geological sources. Crystal-chemical modeling yielded packings for amino acids neatly encapsulated in 10-ring channels of the molecular...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.7.3479
更新日期:1999-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::cDNA clones corresponding to the polypeptide that has been shown to be an endogenous diazepam binding inhibitor and may act as a physiological ligand for the benzodiazepine/beta-carboline receptor have been isolated from bacteriophage lambda recombinant libraries from rat hypothalamus, total brain, and liver. The clon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.19.7221
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feedback loops are ubiquitous features of biological networks and can produce significant phenotypic heterogeneity, including a bimodal distribution of gene expression across an isogenic cell population. In this work, a combination of experiments and computational modeling was used to explore the roles of multiple fee...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1211902109
更新日期:2012-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Gene III protein of bacteriophage f1 is inserted into the host cell membrane where it is assembled into phage particles. A truncated form of gene III protein, encoded by a recombinant plasmid and lacking the carboxyl terminus, does not remain in the membrane but instead appears to slip through it. Fusion of a hydropho...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.17.5200
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The full primary structure of the very potent opioid peptide dynorphin, from porcine pituitary, has been determined. It is (H)Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-Trp-Asp-Asn-Gln(OH). The synthetic peptide with this sequence behaves identically to natural dynorphin in a number of ways, and it has the sa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.11.7219
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::NK cells are promising effectors for tumor adoptive immunotherapy, particularly when considering the targeting of MHC class I low or negative tumors. Yet, NK cells cannot respond to many tumors, which is particularly the case for nonhematopoietic tumors such as carcinomas or melanoma even when these cells lose MHC cla...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0804788105
更新日期:2008-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure for combined sequential affinity adsorption-electrophoresis has been devised. Its use for the rapid purification of a calcium-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from bovine brain in high yield is described. In this procedure, proteins bound to a solid phase of calcium-dependent regulatory protei...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.10.4903
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replication of the murine leukemia viruses is strongly suppressed in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Proviral DNAs are formed normally but are then silenced by a large complex bound to DNA by the ES cell-specific zinc-finger protein ZFP809. We show here that ZFP809 expression is not regulated by transcription but rat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1620879114
更新日期:2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Elastogenesis is a hierarchical process by which cells form functional elastic fibers, providing elasticity and the ability to regulate growth factor bioavailability in tissues, including blood vessels, lung, and skin. This process requires accessory proteins, including fibulin-4 and -5, and latent TGF binding protein...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1901048116
更新日期:2019-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::A model for the chain melting phase transition in dilute aqueous phospholipid bilayer dispersions is presented. This model includes interactions between head groups, between hydrocarbon chains, and within the chains. The head groups are modeled as hard disks which are constrained to lie on a two-dimensional surface se...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.10.3993
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many complex systems are organized in the form of a network embedded in space. Important examples include the physical Internet infrastructure, road networks, flight connections, brain functional networks, and social networks. The effect of space on network topology has recently come under the spotlight because of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1018962108
更新日期:2011-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::The role of GATA4 during the earliest stages of cardiogenesis has not been defined because Gata4 knockout embryos suffer an early developmental arrest caused by deficiencies in extraembryonic visceral endoderm function. We have used tetraploid embryo complementation to rescue these defects and generated clonal embryon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0400752101
更新日期:2004-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::In this model gravitation results from the emission and absorption of quanta (gravitons) that are scattered a few times in crossing a typical galaxy. Many features of the universe can be explained in terms of this model, although theoretical justification for the scattering of gravitons is lacking. Gravitons follow a ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.9.4086
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription and processing of mitochondrial 21S rRNA in a petite strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been examined by electron microscopic analysis of R-loop hybrids and by hybridization of labeled mitochondrial DNA probes to RNA transferred to diazobenzyloxymethyl paper. We have shown the presence of a large...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.3.1417
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The restoration of planar cell polarity is an essential but poorly understood step toward physiological recovery during sensory-organ regeneration. Investigating this issue in the lateral line of the zebrafish, we found that hair cells regenerate in pairs along a single axis established by the restricted localization ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0608536103
更新日期:2006-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Dimension reduction methods are commonly applied to high-throughput biological datasets. However, the results can be hindered by confounding factors, either biological or technical in origin. In this study, we extend principal component analysis (PCA) to propose AC-PCA for simultaneous dimension reduction and adjustme...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1617317113
更新日期:2016-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Defining bacterial species remains a challenging problem even for the model bacterium Escherichia coli and has major practical consequences for reliable diagnosis of infectious disease agents and regulations for transport and possession of organisms of economic importance. E. coli traditionally is thought to live with...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1015622108
更新日期:2011-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::The "UV footprinting" technique has been used to detect contacts between EcoRI endonuclease and its recognition sequence at single nucleotide resolution. Comparison of the UV-footprinting results to the published crystal structure of the EcoRI endonuclease-DNA complex allows us to determine how UV light detects protei...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.17.6247
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An improved mammalian two-hybrid system designed for interaction trap screening is described in this paper. CV-1/EBNA-1 monkey kidney epithelial cells expressing Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) were stably transfected with a reporter plasmid for GAL4-dependent expression of the green fluorescent protein ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.10.5220
更新日期:2000-05-09 00:00:00