A prokaryotic membrane anchor sequence: carboxyl terminus of bacteriophage f1 gene III protein retains it in the membrane.

abstract：:The image that best expresses Darwin's thinking is the tree of life. However, Darwin's human evolutionary tree lacked almost everything because only the Neanderthals were known at the time and they were considered one extreme expression of our own species. Darwin believed that the root of the human tree was very deep ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arsuaga JL

更新日期：2010-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Two operators, spatially separated from each other and from the promoters, repress the gal operon when bound to Gal repressor. Conversion of either gal operator to a lac operator results in derepression, although both Gal and Lac repressors are present, suggesting that mere occupation of operator sites is not sufficie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haber R,Adhya S

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Across phyla, the ribosomes-the central molecular machines for translation of genetic information-exhibit an overall preserved architecture and a conserved functional core. The natural heterogeneity of the ribosome periodically phases a debate on their functional specialization and the tissue-specific variations of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Amirbeigiarab S,Kiani P,Velazquez Sanchez A,Krisp C,Kazantsev A,Fester L,Schlüter H,Ignatova Z

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintenance of genomic stability is essential for normal organismal development and is vital to prevent diseases such as cancer. As genetic information is packaged into chromatin, it has become increasingly clear that the chromatin environment plays an important role in DNA damage response. However, how DNA repair is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Liu L,Yang S,Song N,Zhou X,Gao J,Yu N,Shan L,Wang Q,Liang J,Xuan C,Wang Y,Shang Y,Shi L

更新日期：2014-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Micrometeorites with diameter approximately 100-200 microm dominate the flux of extraterrestrial matter on Earth. The vast majority of micrometeorites are chemically, mineralogically, and isotopically related to carbonaceous chondrites, which amount to only 2.5% of meteorite falls. Here, we report the discovery of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gounelle M,Chaussidon M,Morbidelli A,Barrat JA,Engrand C,Zolensky ME,McKeegan KD

更新日期：2009-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously proven that human macrophages can phagocytose porcine cells even in the absence of Ab or complement opsonization, indicating that macrophages present a pivotal immunological obstacle to xenotransplantation. A recent report indicates that the signal regulatory protein (SIRP)alpha is a critical immune...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ide K,Wang H,Tahara H,Liu J,Wang X,Asahara T,Sykes M,Yang YG,Ohdan H

更新日期：2007-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic mapping has been used to identify a region of the host genome that determines resistance to fusiform rust disease in loblolly pine where no discrete, simply inherited resistance factors had been previously found by conventional genetic analysis over four decades. A resistance locus, behaving as a single domina...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wilcox PL,Amerson HV,Kuhlman EG,Liu BH,O'Malley DM,Sederoff RR

更新日期：1996-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolutionary transition from single cells toward multicellular forms of life represents one of the major transitions in the evolution of complex organisms. In this transition, single autonomously reproducing cells became parts of larger reproducing entities that eventually constituted a new unit of selection. The ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pfeiffer T,Bonhoeffer S

更新日期：2003-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine which of seven library design algorithms best introduces new protein function without destroying it altogether, seven combinatorial libraries of green fluorescent protein variants were designed and synthesized. Each was evaluated by distributions of emission intensity and color compiled from measurements ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Treynor TP,Vizcarra CL,Nedelcu D,Mayo SL

更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Homeobox genes constitute a large family of transcription factors that are essential during normal development and are often dysregulated in cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which homeobox genes influence cancer remain largely unknown. Here we show that the tissue-restricted cyclin A1 is a transcriptional ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coletta RD,Christensen K,Reichenberger KJ,Lamb J,Micomonaco D,Huang L,Wolf DM,Müller-Tidow C,Golub TR,Kawakami K,Ford HL

更新日期：2004-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a major integral membrane protein from Golgi-derived coatomer-coated vesicles. This 24-kDa protein, p24, defines a family of integral membrane proteins with homologs present in yeast and humans. In addition to sequence similarity, all p24 family members contain a motif with the characteristic heptad r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stamnes MA,Craighead MW,Hoe MH,Lampen N,Geromanos S,Tempst P,Rothman JE

更新日期：1995-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:After decades of robust growth, the rise in US life expectancy stalled after 2010. Explanations for the stall have focused on rising drug-related deaths. Here we show that a stagnating decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality was the main culprit, outpacing and overshadowing the effects of all other causes of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mehta NK,Abrams LR,Myrskylä M

更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:NifEN is a key player in the biosynthesis of nitrogenase MoFe protein. It not only shares a considerable degree of sequence homology with the MoFe protein, but also contains clusters that are homologous to those found in the MoFe protein. Here we present an investigation of the catalytic activities of NifEN. Our data ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu Y,Yoshizawa JM,Fay AW,Lee CC,Wiig JA,Ribbe MW

更新日期：2009-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Life in environments devoid of photosynthesis, such as on early Earth or in contemporary dark subsurface ecosystems, is supported by chemical energy. How, when, and where chemical nutrients released from the geosphere fuel chemosynthetic biospheres is fundamental to understanding the distribution and diversity of life...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dunham EC,Dore JE,Skidmore ML,Roden EE,Boyd ES

更新日期：2021-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and myostatin (MSTN) are closely related transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family members, but their biological functions are quite distinct. While MSTN has been widely shown to inhibit muscle growth, GDF11 regulates skeletal patterning and organ development during embry...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suh J,Kim NK,Lee SH,Eom JH,Lee Y,Park JC,Woo KM,Baek JH,Kim JE,Ryoo HM,Lee SJ,Lee YS

更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin (IL)-15 and its specific receptor chain, IL-15Rα, support the development of various effector cells, including NK and CD8 T cells via a mechanism called trans-presentation. Whereas the dynamic of trans-presentation has been shown to involve the recycling of IL-15Rα by presenting cells, the way responding c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tamzalit F,Barbieux I,Plet A,Heim J,Nedellec S,Morisseau S,Jacques Y,Mortier E

更新日期：2014-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In this era of continued emergence of zoonotic virus infections, the rapid development of rodent models represents a critical barrier to public health preparedness, including the testing of antivirus therapy and vaccines. The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was recently identified as the causat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao J,Li K,Wohlford-Lenane C,Agnihothram SS,Fett C,Zhao J,Gale MJ Jr,Baric RS,Enjuanes L,Gallagher T,McCray PB Jr,Perlman S

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor α 1 gene (THRA) have recently been identified as a cause of intellectual deficit in humans. Patients present with structural abnormalities including microencephaly, reduced cerebellar volume and decreased axonal density. Here, we show that directed differentiation of THRA muta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krieger TG,Moran CM,Frangini A,Visser WE,Schoenmakers E,Muntoni F,Clark CA,Gadian D,Chong WK,Kuczynski A,Dattani M,Lyons G,Efthymiadou A,Varga-Khadem F,Simons BD,Chatterjee K,Livesey FJ

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Two deletion-substitution mutations of phage lambda, spi-113 and spi-274, are shown to remove about half of the rightward operator OR. Physiological studies show that spi-113 is still repressible. Thus, the 50 or so nucleotides of OR deleted in this mutant are not absolutely essential for repression. prm-116, which in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith GR,Eisen H,Reichardt L,Hedgepeth J

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TCL1 and TCL1b genes on human chromosome 14q23.1 are activated in T cell leukemias by translocations and inversions at 14q32.1, juxtaposing them to regulatory elements of T cell receptor genes. In this report we present the cloning, mapping, and expression analysis of the human and murine TCL1/Tcl1 locus. In addition ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hallas C,Pekarsky Y,Itoyama T,Varnum J,Bichi R,Rothstein JL,Croce CM

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Males of the androdioecious species Caenorhabditis elegans are more likely to attempt to mate with and successfully inseminate C. elegans hermaphrodites that do not concurrently harbor sperm. Although a small number of genes have been implicated in this effect, the mechanism by which it arises remains unknown. In the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leighton DH,Choe A,Wu SY,Sternberg PW

更新日期：2014-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of monoclonal antibodies was used to define three discrete stages of human intrathymic T-cell differentiation. The earliest stage was confined to <10% of thymocytes, which were.reactive with both OKT9 and OKT10. Subsequently, approximately 70% of human thymocytes acquired a thymocyte-restricted antigen, OKT6,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reinherz EL,Kung PC,Goldstein G,Levey RH,Schlossman SF

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periodic fluctuations in past biodiversity, speciation, and extinction have been proposed, with extremely long periods ranging from 26 to 62 million years, although forcing mechanisms remain speculative. In contrast, well-understood periodic Milankovitch climate forcing represents a viable driver for macroevolutionary...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crampton JS,Meyers SR,Cooper RA,Sadler PM,Foote M,Harte D

更新日期：2018-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the importance of aggression in the behavioral repertoire of most animals, relatively little is known of its proximate causation and control. To take advantage of modern methods of genetic analysis for studying this complex behavior, we have developed a quantitative framework for studying aggression in common ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen S,Lee AY,Bowens NM,Huber R,Kravitz EA

更新日期：2002-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Alternaria solani, the causal agent of early blight disease in potato, produces two host-specific, lipidlike toxins in culture. Both compounds are required in the leaf bioassay for the elicitation of typical early blight symptoms, but the compounds are individually inactive. The procedures for the preparation of both ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matern U,Strobel G,Shepard J

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of specific gangliosides to function as host cell receptors for Sendai virus was investigated by using Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells which become resistant to infection upon treatment with Vibrio cholerae sialidase. Sialidase-treated cells were incubated for 20 min at 37 degrees C with individual, highly...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Markwell MA,Svennerholm L,Paulson JC

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid and efficient protocols to generate oligodendrocytes (OL) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are currently lacking, but may be a key technology to understand the biology of myelin diseases and to develop treatments for such disorders. Here, we demonstrate that the induction of three transcription f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ehrlich M,Mozafari S,Glatza M,Starost L,Velychko S,Hallmann AL,Cui QL,Schambach A,Kim KP,Bachelin C,Marteyn A,Hargus G,Johnson RM,Antel J,Sterneckert J,Zaehres H,Schöler HR,Baron-Van Evercooren A,Kuhlmann T

更新日期：2017-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Amphibian eggs and embryos as well as mammalian cells have been reported to contain an activity that unwinds double-stranded RNA. We have now found that adenosine residues have been modified in the RNA products of this unwinding activity. Although the modified RNA remains double-stranded, the modification causes the R...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wagner RW,Smith JE,Cooperman BS,Nishikura K

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The receptor for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is composed of an alpha and beta subunit, which together form the high-affinity receptor. The alpha subunit by itself binds ligand at low affinity, whereas the isolated beta subunit does not bind GM-CSF. It is generally believed that the high-a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ding DX,Rivas CI,Heaney ML,Raines MA,Vera JC,Golde DW

更新日期：1994-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Visualizing macromolecular complexes by single-particle electron microscopy (EM) entails stringent biochemical purification, specimen preparation, low-dose imaging, and 3D image reconstruction. Here, we introduce the "monolayer purification" method, which employs nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) functionalized li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelly DF,Dukovski D,Walz T

更新日期：2008-03-25 00:00:00