Abstract:
:The isoamylase gene from Flavobacterium odoratum KU was cloned into and expressed in Escherichia coli JM109. The promoter of the gene was successful in E. coli, and the enzyme produced was excreted into the culture medium, depending on the amount of the enzyme expressed. The enzyme found in the culture medium showed almost the same M(r), heat-inactivating constant, and N-terminal sequence as those of the enzyme accumulated in the periplasmic space. This result indicated that the enzyme accumulated in an active form at the periplasm was transported out of the cell. The primary sequence of the enzyme, which was deduced from its nucleotide sequence, showed that the mature enzyme consisted of 741 amino acid residues. By changing five possible residues to Ala independently, it was found that Asp-374, Glu-422, and Asp-497 were essential. The sequences around those residues were highly conserved in isoamylases of different origins and the glycogen operon protein X, GlgX. The comparison of the distance between these essential residues with those of various amylases suggested that the bacterial and plant isoamylase but not GlgX had a longer fourth loop than the other amylases. This longer fourth loop had a possible role in accommodating the long branched chains of native glycogens and starches.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Abe J,Ushijima C,Hizukuri Sdoi
10.1128/AEM.65.9.4163-4170.1999keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-09-01 00:00:00pages
4163-70issue
9eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The diversities leaf-associated bacteria on nonnodulated (Nod(-)), wild-type nodulated (Nod(+)), and hypernodulated (Nod(++)) soybeans were evaluated by clone library analyses of the 16S rRNA gene. To analyze the impact of nitrogen fertilization on the bacterial leaf community, soybeans were treated with standard nitr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02567-10
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recovery results of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 treated with phenolics and quaternary ammonium compounds on Dey and Engley (D/E) neutralizing medium at various time intervals were compared by the use of two commonly used media. Two recovery processes were utilized. In one, the chemically treated organisms were pla...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.5.1533-1537.1983
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although molecular techniques have identified Helicobacter pylori in drinking water-associated biofilms, there is a lack of studies reporting what factors affect the attachment of the bacterium to plumbing materials. Therefore, the adhesion of H. pylori suspended in distilled water to stainless steel 304 (SS304) coupo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.4.2936-2941.2006
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus is the leading cause of seafood-related deaths in the United States. Strains are genotyped on the basis of alleles that correlate with isolation source, with clinical (C)-genotype strains being more often implicated in disease and environmental (E)-genotype strains being more frequ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00753-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protoplasts of Claviceps purpurea were prepared by treatment of mycelium with a lytic mixture of snail gut enzyme and cellulase from Trichoderma viride. Such protoplasts could be efficiently lysed by Triton X-100 treatment at high osmotic pressure without Ca or Mg, allowing the release of intact vacuoles in high yield...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.4.710-714.1984
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allozyme electrophoresis and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses were used to examine the genetic diversity of a collection of 18 Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii, 1 R. leguminosarum bv. viciae, and 2 R. meliloti strains. Allozyme analysis at 28 loci revealed 16 electrophoretic types. The mean...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.12.3489-3495.1991
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ophthalmic acid (OA; l-γ-glutamyl-l-2-aminobutyryl-glycine) is an analog of glutathione (GSH; l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine) in which the cysteine moiety is replaced by l-2-aminobutyrate. OA is a useful peptide for the pharmaceutical and/or food industries. Herein, we report a method for the production of OA using ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02806-17
更新日期:2018-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Soils harbor enormously diverse bacterial populations, and soil bacterial communities can vary greatly in composition across space. However, our understanding of the specific changes in soil bacterial community structure that occur across larger spatial scales is limited because most previous work has focused on eithe...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00335-09
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus can grow with short- to long-chain fatty acids as the sole carbon source (R. G. Kranz, K. K. Gabbert, T. A. Locke, and M. T. Madigan, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:3003-3009, 1997). Concomitant with growth on fatty acids is the production to high levels of the polyest...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.8.3010-3013.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When mixed ruminal bacteria were incubated with a pancreatic casein hydrolysate and free amino acids of a similar composition, rates of ammonia production were much greater for peptides than for amino acids. The pancreatic digest of casein was then fractionated with 90% isopropyl alcohol. Hydrophobic peptides which di...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.9.2021-2025.1987
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thermal inactivation of desiccation-adapted Salmonella spp. in aged chicken litter was investigated in comparison with that in a nonadapted control to examine potential cross-tolerance of desiccation-adapted cells to heat treatment. A mixture of four Salmonella serovars was inoculated into the finished compost with 20...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01969-13
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria in the genus Streptomyces and its close relatives are prolific producers of secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity. Genome sequencing of these bacteria has revealed a rich source of potentially new antibiotic pathways, whose products have never been observed. Moreover, these new pathways can provide n...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02403-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the effects of grain size and nutritional conditions on the penetration rate and metabolic activity of Escherichia coli strains in anaerobic, nutrient-saturated chambers packed with different sizes of glass beads (diameters, 116 to 767 mum) under static conditions. The chambers had nearly equal porositie...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.5.1481-1486.1994
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A database was probed with artificial neural network (ANN) and multivariate logistic regression (MLR) models to investigate the efficacy of predicting PCR-identified human adenovirus (ADV), Norwalk-like virus (NLV), and enterovirus (EV) presence or absence in shellfish harvested from diverse countries in Europe (Spain...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5244-5253.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterial succession on the skin of broiler chicken carcasses stored at 2 degrees C was traced, and the ability of representative isolates to produce off-odors was determined by using sterile leg and breast muscle sections. Off-odors were identified by olfactory and chemical means. The inability of peptone-iron ag...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.3.399-401.1979
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endotoxin exposure occurs in homes and occupational environments and is known to cause adverse health effects. In order to compare results from different studies and establish standards, airborne endotoxin exposures should be assessed using standardized methods. Although the European Committee for Standardization (CEN...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00851-07
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hartmannella vermiformis, a common amoebal inhabitant of potable-water systems, supports intracellular multiplication of Legionella pneumophila and is probably important in the transportation and amplification of legionellae within these systems. To provide a practical guide for decontamination of potable-water system...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.12.4096-4100.1993
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and other potentially diarrheagenic E. coli strains in retail meats, 7,258 E. coli isolates collected by the U.S. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) retail meat program from 2002 to 2007 were screened for Shiga toxin ge...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01968-09
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A project to investigate biofouling, under conditions relevant to ocean thermal energy conversion heat exchangers, was conducted during July through September 1977 at a site about 13 km north of St. Croix (U.S. Virgin Islands). Seawater was drawn from a depth of 20 m, within the surface mixed layer, through aluminum p...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.4.734-739.1979
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functioning of recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) is essential to maintain water quality for fish health, and one crucial process here is nitrification. The investigated RAS was connected to a rainbow trout production system and operated at an average temperature of 13°C and pH 6.8. Community analyses of the ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03163-15
更新日期:2016-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Previously isolated dissimilatory perchlorate-reducing bacteria (DPRB) have been primarily affiliated with the Betaproteobacteria. Enrichments from the cathodic chamber of a bioelectrical reactor (BER) inoculated from creek water in Berkeley, CA, yielded a novel organism most closely related to a previously described ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00015-10
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::rRNA genetic markers were analyzed in 97 isolates of nodule bacteria from six legume species in Chihuahua, Mexico. The most common genotypes were widely shared across host species and had 16S rRNA sequences identical to those of strains from an eastern North American legume (Amphicarpaea) that are closely related to B...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.4.2044-2048.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five rumen bacteria, Selenomonas ruminantium, Bacteroides ruminicola, Megasphaera elsdenii, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, and Streptococcus bovis were grown in media containing nonlimiting concentrations of glucose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, xylose and/or lactate. Each bacterium was grown with every substrate that it...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.3.544-549.1979
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Populations of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae were sampled from two bulk soils, rhizosphere, and nodules of host legumes, fava bean (Vicia faba) and pea (Pisum sativum) grown in the same soils. Additional populations nodulating peas, fava beans, and vetches (Vicia sativa) grown in other soils and fava bean-nodu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.4.2276-2283.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A bacterial biosensor for benzene, toluene, and similar compounds has been constructed, characterized, and field tested on contaminated water and soil. The biosensor is based on a plasmid incorporating the transcriptional activator xylR from the TOL plasmid of Pseudomonas putida mt-2. The XylR protein binds a subset o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.3.1006-1012.1998
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two PCR primer pairs, based on the virD2 and ipt genes, detected a wide variety of pathogenic Agrobacterium strains. The endonuclease domain of VirD2 protein, which cleaves transferred DNA (T-DNA) border sequences, is highly conserved; primer oligonucleotides specific for the endonuclease portion of virD2 detected all...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.8.2879-2884.1995
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some Listeria monocytogenes internalins are recognized as contributing to invasion of mammalian tissue culture cells. While PrfA is well established as a positive regulator of L. monocytogenes virulence gene expression, the stress-responsive sigma(B) has been recognized only recently as contributing to expression of v...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02664-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The respiratory and photosynthetic quinones of microbial mats which occurred in Japanese sulfide-containing neutral-pH hot springs at different temperatures were analyzed by spectrochromatography and mass spectrometry. All of the microbial mats that developed at high temperatures (temperatures above 68 degreesC) were ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.1.198-205.1999
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of cereal gluten proteins. This disorder is associated with imbalances in the gut microbiota composition that could be involved in the pathogenesis of CD. The aim of this study was to characterize the composition and diversity of the cult...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00869-13
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mineral soil-based inoculants of Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium phaseoli survived better at 4 degrees C than at higher temperatures, but ca. 15% of the cells were viable at 37 degrees C after 27 days. Soil-based inoculants of R. meliloti, R. phaseoli, Rhizobium japonicum, and a cowpea Rhizobium sp. applied to seeds ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.1.94-97.1984
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00