Abstract:
:This study compared urinary 5-hydroxytryptophol (5HTOL) with breath-ethanol testing as objective ways to disclose recent drinking by outpatients attending a methadone maintenance treatment clinic. Information about quantity and frequency of alcohol use was obtained by confidential self-reports. Random screening was performed on Mondays-Fridays in connection with routine clinic visits for methadone dosing. An observed urine sample for monitoring of illicit drug use and determination of 5HTOL, expressed as a ratio to 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5HIAA), was obtained from 202 patients (59 women and 143 men), 16 of whom refused to complete the self-report and/or do a breath-ethanol test. Patients taking disulfiram or calcium carbimide for alcohol detoxification were excluded. Among the 177 subjects remaining, 47 (26.6%) reported intake of any alcohol on the previous day (range, 10-230 g ethanol; median, 40). Only four of those could be identified by a positive breath-test, while 17 showed a urinary 5HTOL/5HIAA ratio above the cutoff limit. Their alcohol consumption (median, 60 g) was significantly higher compared with those showing ratios within the reference interval (median, 35 g). The sensitivity of 5HTOL/5HIAA testing for detecting self-reported drinking in excess of 50 g ethanol was 77%. An additional nine patients who claimed abstinence still showed abnormal 5HTOL/5HIAA ratios, and so did three of the patients who refused to do a breath-ethanol test and/or complete the self-report. Altogether, 59 of 190 methadone-maintained patients (31.1%) had been drinking any alcohol on the previous day (i.e. Sunday-Thursday) according to self-report and/or urinalysis data, 29 (49.2%) of whom were identified by the urinary 5HTOL/5HIAA ratio and only four (6.8%) by utilizing breathalyzer.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Helander A,von Wachenfeldt J,Hiltunen A,Beck O,Liljeberg P,Borg Sdoi
10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00007-1keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-08-02 00:00:00pages
33-8issue
1eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(99)00007-1journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about risk factors for repeated opioid overdose and fatal opioid overdose in the first year following nonfatal opioid overdose. METHODS:We identified a national retrospective longitudinal cohort of patients aged 18-64 years in the Medicaid program who received a clinical diagnosis of nonfata...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.06.004
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about the effects of alcohol dependence on cortical concentrations of glutamate (Glu) or gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). We used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to study cross-sectionally and longitudinally the concentrations of these in alcohol dependent individuals (ALC) during...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.03.012
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brief motivational intervention (BMI) is one of the few effective strategies targeting alcohol consumption, but has not been tested in young men in the community. We evaluated the efficacy of BMI in reducing alcohol use and related problems among binge drinkers and in maintaining low-risk drinking among non-...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.07.009
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The performance, observer-rated, and participant-rated effects of orally administered placebo, and two benzodiazepines, flunitrazepam (2, 4 and 8 mg/70 kg) and triazolam (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/70 kg), were compared in 14 sedative drug abusers using a double-blind crossover design. Both flunitrazepam and triazolam produce...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00110-0
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite evidence that cannabinoid receptors are located in movement-related brain regions (e.g., basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum), and that chronic cannabis use is associated with structural and functional brain changes, little is known about the long-term effect of cannabis use on human movem...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.017
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To conduct a 16-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of two GABAergic medications, baclofen (20 mg tid) and gabapentin (800 mg tid), for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. METHODS:Adults with methamphetamine dependence were randomized to one of three conditions for 16 weeks: bac...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.03.019
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injection drug users (IDUs) who have recently initiated an injecting career have high risk behaviors for HIV infection. The average age of an IDUs first injection is typically reported as 19-20 years, and some literature has reported 'maturing out' of drug use typically around 40 years old. The purpose of this study w...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00142-2
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Approximately 700,000 Social Security beneficiaries in the U.S. with psychiatric disabilities have been assigned a representative payee to manage their funds but it is unclear how those judged to need a payee differ from others and whether payee assignment improves clinical outcomes, especially substance abu...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.026
更新日期:2007-01-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Men who have sex with men (MSM) who use crystal methamphetamine (CM) are at increased risk for HIV infection. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a useful HIV prevention strategy if individuals are able to identify high-risk exposures and seek timely care, however to date there has been limited data on the us...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.010
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Substance use treatment is rarely a one-time event for individuals with substance use disorders. Sustained reductions in substance use and its related symptoms may result from multiple treatment episodes. METHODS:We use a marginal structural model with inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting to estimate ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.12.017
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co-occurs in adolescents with substance use disorders (SUDs) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the impact of MDD on substance treatment and ADHD outcomes and implications for clinical practice are unclear. METHODS:Adolescents (n=303; ages 13-...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.001
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Persons with co-occurring Axis I mental disorders and substance use disorders often experience multiple negative consequences as a result of their substance use. Because no existing measure adequately assesses these population-specific problems, we developed the Problems Assessment for Substance Using Psychi...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.01.010
更新日期:2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiment investigated contextual renewal of cocaine seeking and potential methods of attenuating this renewal. Rats were first trained in one context to self-administer cocaine when a discriminative stimulus (tone) was presented. Then, the ABA Group was placed in a second context and responses in tone no...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.03.006
更新日期:2007-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Ninety alcoholic patients with the secondary affective disorders (anxiety, depression) were divided into four groups. Patients in the first group received GABAB receptor ligands (baclofen), those in the second group, diazepam, those in the third group, amitriptyline and those in the fourth group, placebo. The results ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(93)90057-w
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Given that developing countries (and particularly women in these countries) are at increasing risk for tobacco use, the need for hard data to accurately monitor tobacco use in developing countries is needed. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the available prevalence data on current tobacco use amon...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.12.008
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies are carried out by the National Drug Research Centre, Malaysia on various aspects of drug use and abuse. One of the groups of substances studied are the opioid agonist-antagonists. The study utilised information submitted to international agencies and obtained through a questionnaire survey. Th...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(87)90009-3
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmaceutical industry has made substantial innovations in the area of targeted drug delivery and optimization of pharmacokinetics for existing drugs to try to maximize therapeutic effect while simultaneously minimizing adverse consequences of medication abuse. These innovations, however, have not come without a ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.02.001
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Metabolomics allows the high-throughput analysis of low molecular mass compounds in biofluids, which can reflect the metabolic response of the body to heroin exposure and potentially reveal biomarkers of heroin abuse. METHODS:Heroin was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats in increasing doses from 3 to 16.5 ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.031
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Group differences in brain structure between methamphetamine-dependent and healthy research participants have been reported, but findings in the literature present discrepancies. Although most methamphetamine-abusing individuals also smoke cigarettes, the effects of smoking on brain structure have not been d...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.02.017
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trends in self-reported substance use in surveys of Greek adolescent students show that regular tobacco smoking increased in 1998 (20.8%) after having fallen between 1984 (22%) and 1993 (14.6%). Frequent alcohol consumption decreased in 1998 to 12.1%, from around 15% in both previous surveys. A sharp increase was obse...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00100-3
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Interpretation bias is a crucial therapeutic target in emotional disorders. However, few studies have examined the role of interpretation bias in substance use disorders (SUDs). Our specific aims were: (1) to examine whether interpretation bias was associated with craving and abstinence self-efficacy, and (2)...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107644
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To provide information on the clinical relevance of a reduction in the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking risk categories, we examined their relationship to an important indicator of how individuals feel and function: drug use disorders (DUDs), i.e., those involving substances other than alcohol. METH...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.03.020
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Premature termination of treatment by the client has been a pervasive problem in the alcohol treatment field. This drop-out problem is compounded in conjoint therapy for alcoholic couples since most clients typically do not view the drinking problem from a systemic, interactional perspective. Within a short-term commu...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(83)90023-6
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous cross-sectional MRI studies with healthy, young-to-middle-aged adults reported no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers on total hippocampal volume. However, these studies did not specifically test for greater age-related volume loss in the total hippocampus or hippocampal subregio...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.08.020
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study proposes and tests an integrative and directional (structural equations) model to explain how pre-treatment motivation, frequency and content of counselling services, programme perceptions, and methadone dose are related to 1 and 6 months heroin use outcomes among opiate addicts receiving outpatient methadon...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00067-x
更新日期:2003-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has increased worldwide among youth, even in countries like Mexico that ban them. This study aimed to assess the correlates of e-cigarette use frequency among Mexican students who currently use ecigarettes, as well as to describe their reasons for use....
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107585
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a sample of families from a midwestern community study of cigarette smoking, we examined adolescents' and adults' definitions of "addiction", and related these definitions to their perceived addictiveness of cigarette smoking. Both adolescents and adults viewed addiction as multi-faceted, including both appetitive ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.07.006
更新日期:2007-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Although recreational use of the dissociative anaesthetic drug ketamine is currently increasing, little is known about the phenomenological aspects of its use. We therefore designed a structured interview to examine initiation experiences, positive and negative effects of ketamine use, and concerns about the drug and ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.024
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In previous work we (Fisher et al., 2011) examined the emergence of neurobehavioral disinhibition (ND) in adolescents with prenatal substance exposure. We computed ND factor scores at three age points (8/9, 11 and 13/14 years) and found that both prenatal substance exposure and early adversity predicted ND. ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.014
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine-induced kindling, which has been hypothesized to underlie cocaine-induced craving, is reversed by carbamazepine treatment. Though preliminary studies showed carbamazepine to be useful for relapse prevention in cocaine-dependent subjects, more recent studies have failed to replicate those findings. We conducted...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(95)01100-d
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00