Abstract：
:Injection drug users (IDUs) who have recently initiated an injecting career have high risk behaviors for HIV infection. The average age of an IDUs first injection is typically reported as 19-20 years, and some literature has reported 'maturing out' of drug use typically around 40 years old. The purpose of this study was to discriminate risk behaviors among newer injectors by age of initiation. This cross-sectional study includes volunteers enrolled using extensive community recruitment techniques in 1988 and 1989 in Baltimore, MD. Of the 722 injection drug users who had initiated injection within the prior six years, 124 were over 35 years old of whom 53 were 40 years and older. Rates of HIV were lower among those over 40 years (13.2%) than those who were 35-39 years (22.5%) or under 35 years old (20.9%). The behavioral characteristics of those aged 35-39 were similar to those under 35 years old, but those over 40 years old when compared with less than 39 years reported injecting at least daily less frequently (88.7% vs 76.5%, p = 0.042), using a needle from a sterile wrapper (19.0% vs 36.6%, p = 0.006), and injecting with their own works (52.6% vs 28.8%, p = 0.021). This study shows that people initiate injection drug use across a wide age range and that needle hygiene practices early after initiation tend to be safer in older compared to younger initiates.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Carneiro M,Fuller C,Doherty MC,Vlahov Ddoi
10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00142-2keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-03-01 00:00:00pages
83-6issue
1eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(98)00142-2journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:This study assessed whether the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) could reliably fill the national drug surveillance gap caused by the discontinuation of the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN). METHODS:Estimates of the drug-related emergency department (ED) visits derived from DAWN (2004-2011) an...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.043
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Available evidence indicates women with substance use disorders may experience more rapid progression through usage milestones (telescoping). The few investigations of sex differences in treatment-seeking populations often focus on single substances and typically do not account for significant polysubstance ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.10.003
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major objectives of the present study were 2-fold: (1) to demonstrate the superiority of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methodology in the comparison of screening tests that yield continuous values; and (2) to identify the best screening indicator of current drug use disorders in alcoholics. We evaluated ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(88)90056-7
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:There is concern that recreational marijuana legalization (RML) may lead to increased cannabis use disorder (CUD) among youth due to increased marijuana use. This study investigates whether adolescent substance use disorder treatment admissions for marijuana use increased in Colorado and Washington followi...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107960
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of subchronic nicotine treatment on the development of tolerance and on two nicotinic ligand binding sites were investigated. After subcutaneous injection of nicotine (0.45 mg nicotine base/kg) or saline twice a day for 14 days the body weight of rats was significantly lower than that of control animals. A...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(86)90034-7
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:While it is well known that patients receiving opioids should refrain from alcohol consumption, little is known about the involvement of alcohol in opioid-related deaths. METHODS:We conducted a population-based analysis of opioid-related deaths in Ontario with and without alcohol involvement between 1993 an...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.008
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Field methodologies offer a unique opportunity to collect ecologically valid data on alcohol use and its associated problems within natural drinking environments. However, limitations in follow-up data collection methods have left unanswered questions regarding the psychometric properties of field-based measures. The ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.035
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Parental divorce and psychopathology are well-documented risk factors for alcohol use disorders (AUD) in the United States and other countries where divorce is common and per capita total alcohol consumption is moderate to high. However, little is known about these relationships in countries where divorce an...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.009
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of smoking among alcohol abusers is high, yet little is known about this dual-dependency. This study examines mechanisms involved in changing both alcohol and tobacco use concurrently using the transtheoretical model (TTM) measures of change. Alcohol and tobacco dependent outpatients (N=115) entering a ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00227-2
更新日期：2003-01-24 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Both cannabis use and alcohol use are elevated among people living with HIV, but few studies have investigated the relationship between cannabis use and alcohol use in this population. This study examined the longitudinal association between cannabis use and alcohol use among people living with HIV and explo...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.026
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A common observation in the research literature is that children of drug-dependent parents are at significantly heightened risk of adolescent drug use, abuse, and dependence. Recent research indicates that several psychological and interpersonal factors may affect the association between parents' psychoactive substanc...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00005-4
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is argued that studying the drinking patterns of adolescents can add much to our understanding of alcohol use. The present paper hypothesises that heavy drinkers will be experiencing more stress than light, moderate or non-drinkers and that consequently, they will perceive themselves as doing worse in school and wi...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(85)90113-9
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Disruptions in motor control are often overlooked features of chronic cocaine users. During a simple sensorimotor integration task, for example, cocaine users activate a larger area of cortex than controls but have lower functional connectivity between the cortex and dorsal striatum, which is further correla...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.1196
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The ability to predict potential for relapse to substance use following treatment could be very useful in targeting aftercare strategies. Recently, a number of investigators have focused on using neural activity measured by fMRI to predict relapse propensity. The purpose of the present study was to use fMRI ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.008
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated the prevalence of HIV-positive patients discussing alcohol use with their HIV primary care providers and factors associated with these discussions. METHODS:We recruited 1225 adult participants from 10 HIV care clinics in three large US cities from May 2004 to 2005. Multivariate logistic regr...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.12.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study describes an ultra-rapid opiate detoxification method using direct transition from heroin or methadone to oral naltrexone after deep sedation with oral midazolam in conjunction with ondansetron and clonidine treatment. Twenty patients were detoxified with the method. No serious events occurred, but t...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00100-8
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study presents an integrative data analysis of the association between frequency of cannabis use and severity of depressive symptoms using data from four Australasian cohort studies. The integrated data comprised observations on over 6900 individuals studied on up to seven occasions between adolescence ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.002
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare professionals are crucial in the identification and accessibility to treatment for people with substance use disorders. Our objective was to assess health professionals' attitudes towards patients with substance use disorders and examine the consequences of these attitudes on healthcare delivery f...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.018
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Metabolomics allows the high-throughput analysis of low molecular mass compounds in biofluids, which can reflect the metabolic response of the body to heroin exposure and potentially reveal biomarkers of heroin abuse. METHODS:Heroin was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats in increasing doses from 3 to 16.5 ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.031
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) serum levels were determined in a group of young female heroin addicts treated in hospital with methadone in tapered doses. At admission, from 24 to 3 h after the last dose of 'street' heroin, basal PRL values were 21 +/- 2.6 ng/ml, i.e. significantly higher (P less than 0.001) th...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(87)90034-2
更新日期：1987-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are few effective smoking cessation interventions for adolescent smokers. We developed a novel intervention to motivate tobacco use behavior change by (1) enhancing desire to quit through the use of abstinence-contingent incentives (CM), (2) increasing cessation skills through the use of cognitive beha...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.002
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been proposed that positive smoker identity may be an important factor undermining smoking cessation but very little research exists on this. This study tested the hypothesis that a simple measure of positive smoker identity would predict quit attempts over and above other known predictors in a popula...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.001
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Position preference, i.e., the tendency to drink from onelocation rather than the other, was found to be relatively unimportant in determining the drinking behavior of rats presented with a choice between water and a 7% (v/v) ethanol solution in typical two-bottle choice situations. It accounted for essentially none o...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(76)90038-7
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:E-cigarettes are popular among youth, but little is known about the nicotine concentrations of e-liquids used by adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHOD:In Spring, 2014, we conducted cross-sectional surveys in four Connecticut high schools and two middle schools. Among past-30-day e-cigarette users (n=513, 45% fem...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.06.031
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Office-based buprenorphine holds the promise of bringing patients who have never received pharmacotherapy into treatment. In a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis, we compared patients entering a clinical trial of buprenorphine in a Primary Care Clinic (PCC) and those entering a local Opioid Treatment Program (O...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.12.008
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Koob's allostatic model of addiction emphasizes the transition from positive reinforcement to negative reinforcement as dependence develops. This study seeks to extend this well-established neurobiological model to humans by examining subjective response to alcohol (SR) as a biobehavioral marker of alcohol r...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.04.015
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study yielded different efficacies for different psychosocial treatments for cocaine dependence. However, substantial heterogeneity of patient outcomes was evident. Longitudinal data analysis techniques can be helpful in examining differential effects of psychosocial ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.08.009
更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To investigate general and cannabis-specific parenting practices in relation to adolescent cannabis and other illicit drug use. METHODS:Data were derived from the Dutch National School Survey on Substance Use among students (N=3209; aged 12-16 years) and one of their parents in 2011. RESULTS:Logistic regression ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.014
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impulsivity appears to play an important role in suicidal behaviors and drug abuse, which are two psychiatric problems that may interact with one another. Interpretation of the literature on impulsivity in these behaviors may be complicated by the variety of measurement techniques for the assessment of impulsivity. Th...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.010
更新日期：2004-12-07 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Approximately 700,000 Social Security beneficiaries in the U.S. with psychiatric disabilities have been assigned a representative payee to manage their funds but it is unclear how those judged to need a payee differ from others and whether payee assignment improves clinical outcomes, especially substance abu...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.026
更新日期：2007-01-12 00:00:00
