Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJ) pneumonia (PJP) is an important opportunistic infection affecting various types of immunocompromised patients and is associated with an increased risk of mortality. PJ is a unique fungal pathogen which is increasingly common and maybe associated with a higher mortality rate in patients without AIDS. We present the characteristics of PJP, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes between AIDS and non-AIDS patients. METHODOLOGY:We conducted a review of studies of AIDS and non-AIDS patients with PJP using PubMed to search for studies until December 2017. RESULTS:The annual incidence of AIDS-PJP decreased from 13.4 to 3.3 per 1000 person-years in industrialized countries, while the incidence of non-AIDS-PJP varied widely. Both groups had similar clinical manifestations and radiological features, but the non-AIDS-PJP group potentially had a more fulminant course, more diffuse ground glass opacities, and fewer cystic lesions. The mortality rate decreased in the AIDS-PJP group after the advent of antiretroviral therapy; however, the mortality rate remained high in both groups. A laboratory diagnosis was usually nonspecific; CD4+ T-cell < 200 cells/mL or < 14% favored AIDS-PJP. Serum 1,3-β-D-glucan (BDG) had a high diagnostic odds ratio. Combining BDG and lactic dehydrogenase improved the diagnosis of AIDS-PJP. Histopathological staining and polymerase chain reactions could not discriminate infection from colonization when the result was positive. The use of antibiotics, prophylaxis, and adjunctive corticosteroids was controversial. CONCLUSIONS:Early diagnosis and treatment can be achieved through vigilance, thereby improving the survival rate for PJP in immunocompromised patients.
journal_name
J Infect Dev Ctriesjournal_title
Journal of infection in developing countriesauthors
Lee YT,Chuang MLdoi
10.3855/jidc.10357subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-31 00:00:00pages
824-834issue
10eissn
2036-6590issn
1972-2680journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Sepsis is a major cause of childhood death worldwide. In developing countries, epidemiological data about sepsis is scarce. This study describes and compares the frequency of etiological agents and initial sites of infection in children with or without sepsis, identifying risk factors and assessing outcome...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.9257
更新日期:2017-09-05 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In August 2011, Chittoor district authorities reported a cluster of suspected human anthrax cases to the Andhra Pradesh state surveillance unit. We investigated this cluster to confirm its etiology, describe its magnitude, identify potential risk factors, and make recommendations for preventing similar out...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::These indications were drawn up by the Federal Medical-Scientific Commission (FIGC Commission), supplemented for the necessary time by some experts on the subject; currently they are intended to grant the highest achievable guarantee level to protect the health of players, referees and all professionals involved in ca...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
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abstract:INTRODUCTION:Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen that is causing concern due to its high genetic elasticity, allowing it to show high rates of antibiotic resistance and to express a wide range of virulence determinants. Several studies are aimed towards targeting the virulence of A. baumannii as an adjunct to antibio...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.9956
更新日期:2018-02-22 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Hepatitis E is considered an emerging human viral disease with many evidences of zoonotic nature of disease, and swine are the main reservoir of HEV. The aim of this study was to determine HEV seroprevalence in commercial pig farms, backyard pigs, slaughtered pigs and wild boars in the region of the city B...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
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doi:10.3855/jidc.12552
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A one of the step towards achieving TB related targets is to ensure early and quality diagnosis of TB in national laboratories. WHO recommends that all national reference laboratories in TB burden countries strive to reach accreditation by 2025, based on ISO15189:2012 quality management system standard. To...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.10935
更新日期:2019-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There is a known connection between periodontitis and atherosclerosis and the presence of periopathogens in blood vessels. However, changes of the oral microflora related to the aging process and its possible effects on atherosclerosis, have yet to be analyzed. The aim of this study was to assess temporal ...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.10980
更新日期:2018-12-31 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients. A previous history of IFI is not an absolute contraindication for allo-HSCT, particularly in the era of secondary antifungal prophylaxis (SAP). Prompt di...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-09-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-01-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-02-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.1197
更新日期:2011-05-28 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Use of herbal remedies among HIV-infected individuals in Africa increased in the past decade, mainly due to traditional beliefs and at times inconsistent access to antiretroviral drugs. In Zimbabwe, accessibility and availability of antiretroviral drugs has increased in recent years; however, the use of he...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.1415
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orthotopic liver transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver failure. However, Acinetobacter baumannii infections and acute rejection are important causes of morbidity and mortality following transplants. Here we present a case report of a cadaveric donor liver transplantation with inf...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.11842
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) particularly O157:H7 (Sequence type 11 complex), is the best documented and most well-known of E. coli that cause diarrhoea. The importance of EHEC lies in the severity of disease. Outbreaks can infect thousands of people causing bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) t...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3855/jidc.2166
更新日期:2011-07-04 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Helicobacter pylori cause damage to gastric epithelial cells and alterations in the p53 gene that lead to cancer development. This study aimed to determine the correlation of p53 expression with H. pylori using immunohistochemistry, RFLP-PCR, and histopathology. METHODOLOGY:Gastric biopsy samples from gas...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.2993
更新日期:2013-09-16 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common causes of acute respiratory infections in all age groups especially under two years. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and clinical features of RSV in hospitalized children under two years of age with the diagnosis of lower re...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.8871
更新日期:2017-09-30 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Group A streptococci (GAS) is responsible of several human diseases ranging from mild infection to severe invasive toxin-mediated disease and post-infectious sequelae. Accordingly, a GAS surveillance program based on molecular techniques is advisable for its epidemiological control. Pulsed-field gel electr...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.6115
更新日期:2015-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Sources of pathogenic Rickettsia in wildlife are largely unknown in Brazil. In this work, potential tick vectors and seroreactivity of small mammals against four spotted-fever group Rickettsia (R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. amblyommii and R. rhipicephali) and Rickettsia bellii from peri-urban areas of Uber...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.7084
更新日期:2016-03-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.3796
更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2020-03-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dengue virus (DENV) is principally transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. To date, mosquito population control remains the key strategy for reducing the continuing spread of DENV. The focus on the development of new vector control strategies through an understanding of the mosquito-virus relationship i...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3855/jidc.6422
更新日期:2015-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Leishmaniasis is a clinically heterogeneous syndrome caused by intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. The clinical spectrum of leishmaniasis encompasses subclinical (not apparent), localized (skin lesion), and disseminated (cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral) infection. This spectrum of manifes...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3855/jidc.4310
更新日期:2014-08-13 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of Trichuris spp. and other intestinal parasitic infections in owned cats on St. Kitts. METHODOLOGY:The feces of 41 non-feral cats (23 indoor only; 18 indoor/outdoor) were examined for the presence of Trichuris spp. eggs. RESULTS:Nine (22%) of th...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Men who have sex with men (MSM) are one of the key populations driving HIV/AIDS epidemic globally. To date, MSM is the only population in Ukraine where the prevalence and incidence of HIV is increasing. As HIV-positive MSM might feel uncomfortable to report homosexual intercourses as a possible mode of tra...
journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-11-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-01-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of infection in developing countries
pub_type: 杂志文章
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