Epiregulin Promotes Lung Metastasis of Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.

Abstract:

:Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is a peculiar malignant tumor, characterized by its slow but inexorable growth, with a high incidence of lung metastasis and poor prognosis. Here, we show the upregulated expression of EGFR ligand epiregulin in a subset of SACC cells correlates with lung metastasis and unfavorable outcome in patients with SACC. We found that upregulation of epiregulin in SACC cells induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating GLI1/E-cadherin. Elevated epiregulin increased the expression of pro-angiogenic factors, such as VEGFA, bFGF, and IL-8. We also show that epiregulin can be delivered via exosomes and was enriched in exosomes derived from epiregulin-overexpressing SACC cells. Furthermore, treating immunodeficient mice with these epiregulin-enriched exosomes greatly enhanced SACC metastasis to lung. These epiregulin-enriched exosomes significantly enhanced angiogenesis in the neighboring tumor microenvironment and increased vascular permeability in the pre-metastatic lung microenvironment in vivo. Therefore, epiregulin, as well as epiregulin-containing exosomes, may be a novel target for controlling SACC lung metastasis.

journal_name

Theranostics

journal_title

Theranostics

authors

Yang WW,Yang LQ,Zhao F,Chen CW,Xu LH,Fu J,Li SL,Ge XY

doi

10.7150/thno.19712

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-08-23 00:00:00

pages

3700-3714

issue

15

issn

1838-7640

pii

thnov07p3700

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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