Damage to DNA in cervical epithelium related to smoking tobacco.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify additional factors, such as maternal age or factors related to previous reproductive outcome or family history, and the corresponding probability of carrying a chromosome abnormality in couples with two or more miscarriages. DESIGN:Nested case-control study. SETTING:Six centres for clinical gene...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Franssen MT,Korevaar JC,Leschot NJ,Bossuyt PM,Knegt AC,Gerssen-Schoorl KB,Wouters CH,Hansson KB,Hochstenbach R,Madan K,van der Veen F,Goddijn M

更新日期：2005-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine which treatments for preventing coronary heart disease should be offered to which patients by assessing their incremental cost effectiveness. DESIGN:Modelling study. DATA SOURCES:Cost estimates (for NHS) and estimates of effectiveness obtained for aspirin, antihypertensive drugs, statins and cl...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Marshall T

更新日期：2003-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the performance and impact of a two tier neonatal screening programme for cystic fibrosis based on an initial estimation of immunoreactive trypsinogen followed by direct gene analysis. DESIGN:Four year prospective study of two tier screening strategy. First tier: immunoreactive trypsinogen measured...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Ranieri E,Lewis BD,Gerace RL,Ryall RG,Morris CP,Nelson PV,Carey WF,Robertson EF

更新日期：1994-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The studyTaylor RS, Walker S, Ciani O, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for chronic heart failure: the EXTRAMATCH II individual participant data meta-analysis. Health Technol Assess 2019;23:1-98.This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme (project number 15/80/30).To read the...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cook R,Davidson P,Martin R,NIHR Dissemination Centre.

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between cerebral palsy and direct evidence for perinatal exposure to neurotropic viruses. DESIGN:Population based case-control study. SETTING:Adelaide Women's and Children's Hospital Research Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Newborn screening cards of 443 wh...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Gibson CS,MacLennan AH,Goldwater PN,Haan EA,Priest K,Dekker GA,South Australian Cerebral Palsy Research Group.

更新日期：2006-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A 40 year old man presents with a 1 cm tender soft swelling in the lateral neck region. This developed seven days after the onset of a tonsillitis episode that has now resolved. He has a 20 pack-year smoking history and consumes minimal alcohol. Examination is otherwise normal. ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Dwivedi RC,Masterson L,Alam M,Jani P

更新日期：2013-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether a late evening meal would improve nitrogen balance in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. DESIGN:Randomised crossover study of meal schedules comparing three meals a day with four or six meals a day, the four and six meal schedules both including a late evening meal (2300). SETTING:Metab...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Swart GR,Zillikens MC,van Vuure JK,van den Berg JW

更新日期：1989-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To accurately measure the incidence of gastric cancer among patients with gastric precancerous lesions, and to quantify the excess incidence in comparison with people with normal mucosa on endoscopy and a general population. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING:Population of Sweden using data from ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Song H,Ekheden IG,Zheng Z,Ericsson J,Nyrén O,Ye W

更新日期：2015-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of immediate feedback from a point of care test for salivary nicotine metabolites in promoting smoking cessation and reduction in tobacco use. DESIGN:Prospective, operator blinded, randomised controlled trial. SETTING:General dental practice, London. PARTICIPANTS:100 adult smokers...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Barnfather KD,Cope GF,Chapple IL

更新日期：2005-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the prospective associations between consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice with type 2 diabetes before and after adjustment for adiposity, and to estimate the population attributable fraction for type 2 diabetes from consumption of sugar sweete...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Imamura F,O'Connor L,Ye Z,Mursu J,Hayashino Y,Bhupathiraju SN,Forouhi NG

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify risk factors predisposing to the development of flucloxacillin associated jaundice. DESIGN:Case-control study. Medical records of cases and controls were reviewed and information recorded on standard data collection forms. SETTING:Alfred Hospital recruiting subjects from Melbourne, Sydney, and ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Fairley CK,McNeil JJ,Desmond P,Smallwood R,Young H,Forbes A,Purcell P,Boyd I

更新日期：1993-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the facilities for inpatient care of mentally disordered people in prison. DESIGN:Semistructured inspections conducted by doctor and nurse. Expected standards were based on healthcare quality standards published by the Prison Service or the NHS. SETTING:13 prisons with inpatient beds in Engla...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Reed JL,Lyne M

更新日期：2000-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the predictors of long term outcome for patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome. DESIGN:Cohort study. SUBJECTS:139 subjects previously enrolled in two treatment trials; 103 (74%) were reassessed a mean of 3.2 years after start of the trials. SETTING:University hospital referral centre. MAIN ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Wilson A,Hickie I,Lloyd A,Hadzi-Pavlovic D,Boughton C,Dwyer J,Wakefield D

更新日期：1994-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine whether informed consent introduces selection bias in prospective observational studies using data from medical records, and consent rates for such studies. DESIGN:Systematic review. DATA SOURCES:Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library up to March 2008, reference lists from pertinent article...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kho ME,Duffett M,Willison DJ,Cook DJ,Brouwers MC

更新日期：2009-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate participants' perceptions of the impact on them of an additional six months' training beyond the standard 12 month general practice vocational training scheme. DESIGN:Qualitative study using focus groups. SETTING:General practice vocational training in Northern Ireland. PARTICIPANTS:13 general ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Sibbett CH,Thompson WT,Crawford M,McKnight A

更新日期：2003-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the evidence for strategies to prevent falls or fractures in residents in care homes and hospital inpatients and to investigate the effect of dementia and cognitive impairment. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analyses of studies grouped by intervention and setting (hospital or care home). Meta...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Oliver D,Connelly JB,Victor CR,Shaw FE,Whitehead A,Genc Y,Vanoli A,Martin FC,Gosney MA

更新日期：2007-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The high prevalence of cigarette smoking and tobacco related morbidity and mortality in people with chronic mental illness is well documented. This review summarizes results from studies of smoking cessation treatments in people with schizophrenia, depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. It ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Tidey JW,Miller ME

更新日期：2015-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether women with atrial fibrillation have a higher risk of stroke than men. DESIGN:Nationwide retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Patients with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in the Swedish hospital discharge register between 1 July 2005 and 31 December 2008. Information about drug treatm...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Friberg L,Benson L,Rosenqvist M,Lip GY

更新日期：2012-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the perspectives of patients with asthma on the use of an action plan and the implementation of this plan during an asthma attack that culminated in a visit to an emergency department. DESIGN:Qualitative study. SETTING:Tertiary teaching hospital, suburban hospital, and rural hospital. PARTI...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Douglass J,Aroni R,Goeman D,Stewart K,Sawyer S,Thien F,Abramson M

更新日期：2002-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine trends over time in the rates of admission to hospital for accidents of preschool children and to study patterns of repeated admissions for accidents in these children. DESIGN:Analysis of linked, routine abstracts of hospital inpatient records for accidents. SETTING:Six districts in the Oxford R...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Sellar C,Ferguson JA,Goldacre MJ

更新日期：1991-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of antenatal corticosteroids given at ≥34 weeks' gestation. DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases were searched from their inception to February 2016. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR STUDY SELECTION: Randomized clinical trials comparing ant...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Saccone G,Berghella V

更新日期：2016-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the cost effectiveness of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) selective inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and the addition of proton pump inhibitors to these treatments, for people with osteoarthritis. DESIGN:An economic evaluation using a Markov model and data ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Latimer N,Lord J,Grant RL,O'Mahony R,Dickson J,Conaghan PG,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Osteoarthritis Guideline Development Group.

更新日期：2009-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and costs of a multifaceted flexible educational programme aimed at reducing antibiotic dispensing at the practice level in primary care. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial with general practices as the unit of randomisation and analysis. Clinicians and researchers were blinded ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Butler CC,Simpson SA,Dunstan F,Rollnick S,Cohen D,Gillespie D,Evans MR,Alam MF,Bekkers MJ,Evans J,Moore L,Howe R,Hayes J,Hare M,Hood K

更新日期：2012-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of neuromuscular training in reducing the rate of acute knee injury in adolescent female football players. DESIGN:Stratified cluster randomised controlled trial with clubs as the unit of randomisation. SETTING:230 Swedish football clubs (121 in the intervention group, 109 in th...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Waldén M,Atroshi I,Magnusson H,Wagner P,Hägglund M

更新日期：2012-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the accuracy of physicians' clinical predictions of survival in terminally ill cancer patients. DATA SOURCES:Cochrane Library, Medline (1996-2000), Embase, Current Contents, and Cancerlit databases as well as hand searching. STUDY SELECTION:Studies were included if a physician's tem...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Glare P,Virik K,Jones M,Hudson M,Eychmuller S,Simes J,Christakis N

更新日期：2003-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study changes from 1969 to 1983 in the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated in a coronary care unit. DESIGN:Mortality follow up of all patients with definite acute myocardial infarction. SETTING:The coronary care unit of the Royal Melbourne Hospital, a tertiary referral centre. ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hopper JL,Pathik B,Hunt D,Chan WW

更新日期：1989-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of a monovalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus disease and to assess its impact on diarrhoea in children aged less than 2 years after national introduction in El Salvador, a low-middle income country in Central America. DESIGN:Matched case-control study. SETTING:Sev...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： de Palma O,Cruz L,Ramos H,de Baires A,Villatoro N,Pastor D,de Oliveira LH,Kerin T,Bowen M,Gentsch J,Esposito DH,Parashar U,Tate J,Patel M

更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of any systematic evaluation of the changes it has made to the NHS, the government cites three "indicators of success." These are record numbers of patients treated, shorter waiting times for hospital treatment, and more children being immunised against the main childhood diseases. Closer inspection of ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors：

更新日期：1995-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between genotype at the insertion or deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene and risk of coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. DESIGN:Meta-analysis of studies before July 2001 that reported on these genotypes and risk of coronary reste...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bonnici F,Keavney B,Collins R,Danesh J

更新日期：2002-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of diabetes in relation to birth weight in Pima Indians. DESIGN:Follow up study of infants born during 1940-72 who had undergone a glucose tolerance test at ages 20-39 years. SETTING:Gila River Indian community, Arizona. SUBJECTS:1179 American Indians. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Prev...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： McCance DR,Pettitt DJ,Hanson RL,Jacobsson LT,Knowler WC,Bennett PH

更新日期：1994-04-09 00:00:00