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The impact of critical illness on the expiratory muscles and the diaphragm assessed by ultrasound in mechanical ventilated children.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Critical illness has detrimental effects on the diaphragm, but the impact of critical illness on other major muscles of the respiratory pump has been largely neglected. This study aimed to determine the impact of critical illness on the most important muscles of the respiratory muscle pump, especially on the expiratory muscles in children during mechanical ventilation. In addition, the correlation between changes in thickness of the expiratory muscles and the diaphragm was assessed. METHODS:This longitudinal observational cohort study performed at a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit included 34 mechanical ventilated children (> 1 month- < 18 years). Thickness of the diaphragm and expiratory muscles (obliquus interna, obliquus externa, transversus abdominis and rectus abdominis) was assessed daily using ultrasound. Contractile activity was estimated from muscle thickening fraction during the respiratory cycle. RESULTS:Over the first 4 days, both diaphragm and expiratory muscles thickness decreased (> 10%) in 44% of the children. Diaphragm and expiratory muscle thickness increased (> 10%) in 26% and 20% of the children, respectively. No correlation was found between contractile activity of the muscles and the development of atrophy. Furthermore, no correlation was found between changes in thickness of the diaphragm and the expiratory muscles (P = 0.537). Decrease in expiratory muscle thickness was significantly higher in patients failing extubation compared to successful extubation (- 34% vs - 4%, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS:Changes in diaphragm and expiratory muscles thickness develop rapidly after the initiation of mechanical ventilation. Changes in thickness of the diaphragm and expiratory muscles were not significantly correlated. These data provide a unique insight in the effects of critical illness on the respiratory muscle pump in children.

journal_name

Ann Intensive Care

journal_title

Annals of intensive care

authors

IJland MM,Lemson J,van der Hoeven JG,Heunks LMA

doi

10.1186/s13613-020-00731-2

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-08-27 00:00:00

pages

115

issue

1

issn

2110-5820

pii

10.1186/s13613-020-00731-2

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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