Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Prevalence of lymphatic filariasis (LF) antigen in American Samoa was 16.5% in 1999. Seven rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) programmes between 2000 and 2006 reduced antigen prevalence to 2.3%. The most efficient methods of surveillance after MDA are not clear, but testing specific at-risk groups such as adults may provide earlier warning of resurgence. The role of migration from LF endemic countries in maintaining transmission also needs investigation. Few studies have investigated knowledge about LF and how that relates to infection risk. This study aims to investigate associations between socio-demographics, population mobility, disease knowledge and LF infection risk. METHODS:In 2014, we surveyed 670 adults aged 16-68 years (62% female) at two worksites in American Samoa. Sera were tested for LF antigen and antibodies (Bm14 and Wb123) by rapid test and/or ELISA. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess association between seromarkers and demographic factors, household socioeconomic status (SES), residence, travel history, and knowledge of LF. RESULTS:Overall, 1.8% of participants were positive for antigen, 11.8% for Bm14, 11.3% for Wb123 and 17.3% for at least one antibody. Recent travel outside American Samoa was not associated with positivity for any seromarker. Men had higher seroprevalence than women for all outcomes (any antibody: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.49 (95% CI: 2.21-5.49). Those aged over 35 years (compared to 15-24 years) had higher prevalence of Bm14 antibody (aOR = 3.75, 3.76 and 4.17 for ages 35-44, 45-54 and ≥ 55 years, respectively, P < 0.05). Lower SES was associated with seropositivity (antigen: aOR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.09-7.69; either antibody: aOR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.12-2.05). Those who knew that mosquitoes transmitted LF had lower Wb123 antibody prevalence (aOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32-0.95). CONCLUSIONS:Opportunistic sampling of adults at worksites provided an efficient and representative way to assess prevalence and risk factors for LF in American Samoa and in hindsight, foreshadowed the resurgence of transmission. Risk of LF infection, detected by one or more serological markers, was not related to recent travel history, but was strongly associated with male gender, older age, lower SES, and lack of knowledge about mosquito transmission. These results could guide future efforts to increase MDA participation.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Graves PM,Sheridan S,Fuimaono S,Lau CLdoi
10.1186/s13071-020-3996-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-12 00:00:00pages
125issue
1issn
1756-3305pii
10.1186/s13071-020-3996-4journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The Brazilian Semiarid is the home of the largest herd of donkeys in South America and of outbreaks of Trypanosoma vivax infection of high mortality in dairy cattle and sheep. For a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these outbreaks and epidemiological role of donkeys, we surveyed fo...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1169-7
更新日期:2015-10-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent reports have demonstrated the presence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) genomic material in Hyalomma aegyptium ticks feeding primarily on tortoises belonging to the genus Testudo. This raises the question if these ticks and their hosts play a role in the natural transmission dynamics o...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04074-6
更新日期:2020-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is host to a community of zoonotic and other helminth species. Tracking their community structure and dynamics over decades is one way to monitor the long term risk of parasitic infectious diseases relevant to public and veterinary health. METHODS:We identified 17 helminth specie...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-166
更新日期:2014-04-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Practical, field-ready age-grading tools for mosquito vectors of disease are urgently needed because of the impact that daily survival has on vectorial capacity. Previous studies have shown that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), in combination with chemometrics and predictive modeling, can forecast the age ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04031-3
更新日期:2020-03-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Artemether/Lumefantrine (Coartem(R)) has been used as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infection since 2004 in Ethiopia. In the present study the therapeutic efficacy of artemether/lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum infection in Kersa, Jima zone, South...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-3-1
更新日期:2010-01-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cryptosporidiosis is a gastrointestinal disease affecting many people worldwide. Disease incidence is often unknown and surveillance of human cryptosporidiosis is installed in only a handful of developed countries. A genetic marker that mirrors disease incidence is potentially a powerful tool for monitoring ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0921-3
更新日期:2015-06-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Europe, hard ticks of the subgenus Pholeoixodes (Ixodidae: Ixodes) are usually associated with burrow-dwelling mammals and terrestrial birds. Reports of Pholeoixodes spp. from carnivores are frequently contradictory, and their identification is not based on key diagnostic characters. Therefore, the aims o...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2424-x
更新日期:2017-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Novel transgenic mosquito control methods require progressively more realistic evaluation. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of a transgene that causes a male-bias sex ratio on Anopheles gambiae target populations in large insectary cages. METHODS:Life history characteristics of Anopheles g...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3289-y
更新日期:2019-02-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pig keeping is becoming increasingly common across sub-Saharan Africa. Domestic pigs from the Arusha region of northern Tanzania were screened for trypanosomes using PCR-based methods to examine the role of pigs as a reservoir of human and animal trypanosomiasis. METHODS:A total of 168 blood samples were ob...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-322
更新日期:2013-11-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a continuing need for novel approaches to tick control in dogs. One such approach lies in the ability of lotilaner (Credelio™), an isoxazoline with a rapid onset of action, to provide sustained efficacy against ticks. Two studies were undertaken to confirm lotilaner's efficacy, at the minimum dose r...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2477-x
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic worms of the genus Schistosoma that still affects some 200 million people. The mainstay of schistosomiasis control is a single drug, praziquantel. The reliance on this drug carries a risk of resistance emerging to this anthelmintic, su...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3197-6
更新日期:2018-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum are among the main species that are responsible for cutaneous leishmaniosis (CL) and visceral leishmaniosis (VL), respectively. The leishmanioses represent the second-largest parasitic killer in the world after malaria. Recently, we succeeded in generating a plasmid D...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1246-y
更新日期:2015-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Here we describe a case of paediatric visceral leishmaniasis recorded in an infant initially suspected for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia due to the clinical and haematological presentation. Eventually the patient was found positive for Leishmania infantum infection and successfully treated. This case emphasises how pi...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-123
更新日期:2013-04-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Parasitic flatworms (Trematoda: Digenea) represent one of the most remarkable examples of drastic morphological diversity among the stages within a life cycle. Which genes are responsible for extreme differences in anatomy, physiology, behavior, and ecology among the stages? Here we report a comparative tran...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04424-4
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leishmania (Vianna) braziliensis, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi are important parasites in the scenario of leishmaniasis in Brazil. During the life cycle of these parasites, the promastigote forms adhere to the midgut epithelial microvillii of phlebotomine insects to...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-216
更新日期:2011-11-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neorickettsia are a group of intracellular α proteobacteria transmitted by digeneans (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda). These endobacteria can also infect vertebrate hosts of the helminths and cause serious diseases in animals and humans. Neorickettsia have been isolated from infected animals and maintained in ce...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2123-7
更新日期:2017-04-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most studies on Enterocytozoon bieneusi are conducted based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene, whereas some have examined E. bieneusi population structures. Currently, the population genetics of this pathogen in giant panda remains unknown. The objective of this study was to de...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2459-z
更新日期:2017-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Susceptibility of Ae. aegypti mosquito to dengue virus (DENV) varies geographically and can be influenced by climatic factors such as temperature, which affect the incidence, seasonality and distribution of vector-borne diseases. The first outbreak of dengue fever (DF) in Kenya occured in 1982 in the coastal...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-435
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Brazil, preventive chemotherapy targeting soil-transmitted helminthiasis is being scaled-up. Hence, spatially explicit estimates of infection risks providing information about the current situation are needed to guide interventions. Available high-resolution national model-based estimates either rely on a...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-440
更新日期:2014-09-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whipworms (Nematoda: Trichuridae), among the most common soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), can cause the socioeconomically important disease trichuriasis in various mammalian hosts including humans and non-human primates. For many years, Trichuris from non-human primates has been assigned to the same specie...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3100-5
更新日期:2018-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antillean manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus) are large herbivorous aquatic mammals living in limited areas of South, Central and North America. As with other aquatic mammals, Antillean manatees can be infected by a variety of protozoan and metazoan parasites, some of them with zoonotic potential, which af...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3448-1
更新日期:2019-04-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There has been increasing effort in recent years to incorporate user needs in technology design and re-design. This project employed a bottom-up approach that engaged end users from the outset. Bottom-up approaches have the potential to bolster novel interventions and move them towards adaptive and evidence-...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0523-5
更新日期:2014-11-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the Eastern and Upper Midwestern regions of North America, Ixodes scapularis (L.) is the most abundant tick species encountered by humans and the primary vector of B. burgdorferi, whereas in the southeastern region Amblyomma americanum (Say) is the most abundant tick species encountered by humans but cann...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-139
更新日期:2012-07-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lipoproteins are the major agonists of Wolbachia-dependent inflammatory pathogenesis in filariasis and a validated target for drug discovery. Here we characterise the abundance, localisation and serology of the Wolbachia lipoproteins: Wolbachia peptidoglycan associated lipoprotein and the Type IV Secretion S...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0462-1
更新日期:2014-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Host specificity is one of the outputs of the coevolution between parasites and their associated hosts. Several scenarios have been proposed to explain the pattern of parasite distribution in parental and hybrid genotypes ranging from hybrid resistance to hybrid susceptibility. We hypothesized that host-para...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04271-3
更新日期:2020-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spirocerca lupi is a parasitic nematode of canids that can lead to a severe and potentially fatal disease. Recently, a new species, Spirocerca vulpis, was described from red foxes in Europe, suggesting a high genetic diversity of the Spirocerca spp. infecting canids. The genetic variation and phylogenetic re...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3202-0
更新日期:2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chhattisgarh state in central India is highly endemic for malaria and contributes about 13% of annually reported malaria cases in the country with predominance of P. falciparum. Entomological investigations were carried out in a tribal forested area of district Bastar located in the southern part of Chhattis...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-215
更新日期:2012-09-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The abundance, richness and diversity of mosquitoes and aquatic insects associated with their oviposition sites were surveyed along eight states of the Pacific coast of Mexico. Diversity was estimated using the Shannon index (H'), similarity measures and cluster analysis. METHODS:Oviposition sites were samp...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-41
更新日期:2014-01-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bravecto (fluralaner; MSD Animal Health) is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing long-acting flea- and tick-control after a single oral dose. Scalibor Protectorband (deltamethrin; MSD Animal Health) is a collar often used to reduce sandfly feeding for leishmaniasis prevention. This study inve...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-105
更新日期:2014-03-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The rapid growth of Qatar in the last two decades has been associated with an enormous expansion of building programs in its cities and in the provision of new service industries. This in turn has attracted a large influx of immigrant workers seeking employment in jobs associated with food handling, domestic...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-211
更新日期:2011-11-04 00:00:00