Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Lipoproteins are the major agonists of Wolbachia-dependent inflammatory pathogenesis in filariasis and a validated target for drug discovery. Here we characterise the abundance, localisation and serology of the Wolbachia lipoproteins: Wolbachia peptidoglycan associated lipoprotein and the Type IV Secretion System component, VirB6. METHODS:We used proteomics to confirm lipoprotein presence and relative abundance; fractionation, immunoblotting and confocal and electron immuno-microscopy for localisation and ELISA for serological analysis. RESULTS:Proteomic analysis of Brugia malayi adult female protein extracts confirmed the presence of two lipoproteins, previously predicted through bioinformatics: Wolbachia peptidoglycan associated lipoprotein (wBmPAL) and the Type IV Secretion System component, VirB6 (wBmVirB6). wBmPAL was among the most abundant Wolbachia proteins present in an extract of adult female worms with wBmVirB6 only detected at a much lower abundance. This differential abundance was reflected in the immunogold-labelling, which showed wBmPAL localised at numerous sites within the bacterial membranes, whereas wBmVirB6 was present as a single cluster on each bacterial cell and also located within the bacterial membranes. Immunoblotting of fractionated extracts confirmed the localisation of wBmPAL to membranes and its absence from cytosolic fractions of C6/36 mosquito cells infected with wAlbB. In whole worm mounts, antibody labelling of both lipoproteins were associated with Wolbachia. Serological analysis showed that both proteins were immunogenic and raised antibody responses in the majority of individuals infected with Wuchereria bancrofti. CONCLUSIONS:Two Wolbachia lipoproteins, wBmPAL and wBmVirB6, are present in extracts of Brugia malayi with wBmPAL among the most abundant of Wolbachia proteins. Both lipoproteins localised to bacterial membranes with wBmVirB6 present as a single cluster suggesting a single Type IV Secretory System on each Wolbachia cell.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Voronin D,Guimarães AF,Molyneux GR,Johnston KL,Ford L,Taylor MJdoi
10.1186/s13071-014-0462-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-10-06 00:00:00pages
462issn
1756-3305pii
s13071-014-0462-1journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) greatly affects livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana prevalence of AAT is estimated to range between 5 and 50%. Studies have reported serum biochemical aberrations and variability in cytokine profiles in animals during infection. However, information regar...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2255-9
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methods currently used in sampling adult Aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses are limited for effective surveillance of the vector and accurate determination of the extent of virus transmission during outbreaks and inter - epidemic periods. Here, we document the use of natural hum...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-451
更新日期:2014-09-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The transmission of malaria is heterogeneous, and varies due to altitude. The information on whether the transmission of malaria is indigenous or imported to highland areas is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the species composition and infection rates of Anopheles at different altitudinal trans...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2288-0
更新日期:2017-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal trypanosomosis is endemic in Nigeria, while the human disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense is rarely reported nowadays after efforts to bring it under control in the 20th century. The University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UNVTH) is a reference centre located within the Nsukka a...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3680-8
更新日期:2019-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spatial repellents that drive mosquitoes away from treated areas, and odour-baited traps, that attract and kill mosquitoes, can be combined and work synergistically in a push-pull system. Push-pull systems have been shown to reduce house entry and outdoor biting rates of malaria vectors and so have the poten...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04263-3
更新日期:2020-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bluetongue virus (BTV) is transmitted by Culicoides biting midges and causes bluetongue (BT), a clinical disease observed primarily in sheep. BT has a detrimental effect on subsistence farmers in India, where hyperendemic outbreaks impact on smallholdings in the southern states of the country. In this study,...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-1992-0
更新日期:2017-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aedes mosquito-transmitted outbreaks of dengue and yellow fever have been reported from rural and urban parts of Côte d'Ivoire. The present study aimed at assessing Aedes spp. oviposition ecology in variously urbanized settings within arbovirus foci in southeastern Côte d'Ivoire. METHODS:Aedes spp. eggs wer...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1778-9
更新日期:2016-09-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Release of gene-drive mutants to suppress Anopheles mosquito reproduction is a promising method of malaria control. However, many scientific, regulatory and ethical questions remain before transgenic mosquitoes can be utilised in the field. At a behavioural level, gene-drive carrying mutants should be at lea...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04382-x
更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whipworms (Nematoda: Trichuridae), among the most common soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), can cause the socioeconomically important disease trichuriasis in various mammalian hosts including humans and non-human primates. For many years, Trichuris from non-human primates has been assigned to the same specie...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3100-5
更新日期:2018-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With the spread of pyrethroid resistance in mosquitoes, the combination of an insecticide (carbamate or organophosphate) with a repellent (DEET) is considered as a promising alternative strategy for the treatment of mosquito nets and other relevant materials. The efficacy of these mixtures comes from the fac...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-2-17
更新日期:2009-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is an economically important parasite of livestock. Effective control of ticks using acaricides is threatened by the emergence of resistance to many existing compounds. Several continuous R. microplus cell lines have been established and provide an under-ut...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1708-x
更新日期:2016-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The host represents a heterogeneous ecosystem where multiple parasite species co-occur and interact with each other for space and resources. Although these interactions may rule the features of an infracommunity and may shape the infracommunity response to external perturbations, the resilience of ectoparasi...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1659-2
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eimeria species are parasitic protozoa that cause coccidiosis, an intestinal disease commonly characterised by malabsorption, diarrhoea and haemorrhage that is particularly important in chickens. Vaccination against chicken coccidiosis is effective using wild-type or attenuated live parasite lines. The devel...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1756-2
更新日期:2016-08-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) due to Leishmania major (L. major) is still a serious public health problem in Tunisia. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and risk factors associated with L. major infection in old and new foci using leishmanin skin test (LST) in central Tunisia. METHODS:A cro...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-386
更新日期:2014-08-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hard ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites characterized by their long-term feeding. The saliva that they secrete during their blood meal is their crucial weapon against host-defense systems including hemostasis, inflammation and immunity. The anti-hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory activiti...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2874-9
更新日期:2018-05-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of bovine babesiosis caused by Babesia divergens has been declining during the past decades in northeastern Hungary, and no cases have been observed since 2008. Infections of cattle with B. major and Theileria buffeli were hitherto reported in southern and western Europe. In other parts of the...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-434
更新日期:2014-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Limited available sequence information has greatly impeded population genetics, phylogenetics and systematics studies in the subclass Acari (mites and ticks). Mitochondrial (mt) DNA is well known to provide genetic markers for investigations in these areas, but complete mt genomic data have been lacking for ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-340
更新日期:2014-07-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since 2008, the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) has been engaged in the implementation of indoor residual spraying (IRS) in Benin. The first and second round was a success with a drastic decrease of malaria transmission in areas under IRS. We present here the results of the third round. The purpose o...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-163
更新日期:2012-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Culex pipiens pipiens plays an important role in the transmission of several vector-borne pathogens such as West Nile virus (WNV) in North America. Laboratory and field studies suggest that this species is ornithophilic but because of genetic hybridization with sibling species during the active mosquito seas...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1012-1
更新日期:2015-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The molecular structure of Fasciola gigantica 14-3-3 protein has been characterized. However, the involvement of this protein in parasite pathogenesis remains elusive and its effect on the functions of innate immune cells is unknown. We report on the cloning and expression of a recombinant F. gigantica 14-3-...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2745-4
更新日期:2018-03-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is one of the most economically deleterious ectoparasites affecting egg-laying hens worldwide. It may be possible to control D. gallinae populations by manipulating lighting regimes within poultry units. However, no studies have clearly shown the effects of d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3456-1
更新日期:2019-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sheep scab is a highly contagious disease of sheep caused by the ectoparasitic mite Psoroptes ovis. The disease is endemic in the UK and has significant economic impact through its effects on performance and welfare. Diagnosis of sheep scab is achieved through observation of clinical signs e.g. itching, prur...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-7
更新日期:2012-01-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fleas are obligate blood-feeding ectoparasites and vectors of several bacterial zoonotic pathogens as well as trypanosomes that parasitize rodents and other small mammals. During investigations of tick- and rodent-borne diseases in Mali, West Africa, we included fleas and rodent-borne trypanosomes, both of w...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1818-5
更新日期:2016-10-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spatio-temporal variations in malaria burden are currently complex and costly to measure, but are important for decision-making. We measured the spatio-temporal variation of clinical malaria incidence at a fine scale in a cohort of children under five in an endemic area in rural Chikhwawa, Malawi, determined...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2730-y
更新日期:2018-03-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The role of endemic murid rodents as hosts of arthropod vectors of diseases of medical and veterinary significance is well established in the northern hemisphere. In contrast, endemic murids are comparatively understudied as vector hosts in Africa, particularly in South Africa. Considering the great rodent d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-366
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infective larvae of the worldwide occurring zoonotic roundworm T. canis exhibit a marked affinity to the nervous tissues of paratenic hosts. In humans, most cases of neurotoxocarosis are considered to be caused by larvae of T. canis as T. cati larvae have rarely been found in the CNS in previous studies. How...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-194
更新日期:2014-04-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne arboviruses, like dengue virus, continue to cause significant global morbidity and mortality, particularly in Southeast Asia. When the infectious mosquitoes probe into human skin for a blood meal, they deposit saliva containing a myriad of pharmacologically active compounds, some of which alte...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3224-7
更新日期:2018-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Knowledge of the potential vector role of Culicidae mosquitoes in Germany is very scanty, and until recently it was generally assumed that they are not involved in the transmission of anthroponotic or zoonotic pathogens in this country. However, anticipated changes in the course of global warming and globali...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-14
更新日期:2012-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anaplasma ovis is a gram-negative, tick-borne obligate intraerythrocytic pathogen, which causes ovine anaplasmosis in small ruminants worldwide. VirB10 of A. ovis is an integral component of the Type IV Secretion System (T4SS). The T4SS is used by bacteria to transfer DNA and/or proteins undeviatingly into t...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-3975-9
更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This laboratory study compared the efficacy of Bravecto™ (fluralaner), formulated as a chewable tablet, with the efficacy of Advocate® (imidacloprid/moxidectin), formulated for topical administration, against naturally acquired generalized demodicosis in dogs. METHODS:Sixteen dogs, all diagnosed with genera...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0775-8
更新日期:2015-03-28 00:00:00