Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a network of health-related telephone surveys--conducted by all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and participating US territories-that receive technical assistance from CDC. Data users often aggregate BRFSS state samples for national estimates without accounting for state-level sampling, a practice that could introduce bias because the weighted distributions of the state samples do not always adhere to national demographic distributions. METHODS:This article examines six methods of reweighting, which are then compared with key health indicator estimates from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) based on 2013 data. RESULTS:Compared to the usual stacking approach, all of the six new methods reduce the variance of weights and design effect at the national level, and some also reduce the estimated bias. This article also provides a comparison of the methods based on the variances induced by unequal weighting as well as the bias reduction induced by raking at the national level, and recommends a preferred method. CONCLUSIONS:The new method leads to weighted distributions that more accurately reproduce national demographic characteristics. While the empirical results for key estimates were limited to a few health indicators, they also suggest reduction in potential bias and mean squared error. To the extent that survey outcomes are associated with these demographic characteristics, matching the national distributions will reduce bias in estimates of these outcomes at the national level.
journal_name
BMC Med Res Methodoljournal_title
BMC medical research methodologyauthors
Iachan R,Pierannunzi C,Healey K,Greenlund KJ,Town Mdoi
10.1186/s12874-016-0255-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-11-15 00:00:00pages
155issue
1issn
1471-2288pii
10.1186/s12874-016-0255-7journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Bias in adolescent self-reported height and weight is well documented. Given the importance and widespread use of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) data for obesity research, we developed and tested the feasibility and validity of an empirically derived statistical co...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-016-0227-y
更新日期:2016-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Polypharmacy can be either beneficial or harmful to children. We conducted a scoping review to examine the concept of pediatric polypharmacy: its definition, prevalence, extent and gaps in research. In this manuscript, we report our transdisciplinary scoping review methodology. METHODS:After establishing a ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0560-4
更新日期:2018-10-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Glaucoma is a leading cause of avoidable blindness worldwide. Open angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma. No randomised controlled trials have been conducted evaluating the effectiveness of glaucoma screening for reducing sight loss. It is unclear what the most appropriate intervention to be eva...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-54
更新日期:2011-04-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Route environments can positively influence people's active commuting and thereby contribute to public health. The Active Commuting Route Environment Scale (ACRES) was developed to study active commuters' perceptions of their route environments. However, bicycle commuters represent a small portion of the pop...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-6
更新日期:2011-01-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The initial vanguard cohort of the U.S. National Children's Study was a pregnancy and birth cohort study that sought to enroll some women prior to pregnancy, and to assess exposures early in pregnancy. METHODS:During the recruitment phase (2009-2010), geographically based sampling was used to recruit women ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-015-0067-1
更新日期:2015-09-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To determine if the search technique that is used to sample randomized controlled trial (RCT) manuscripts from a field of medical science can influence the measurement of the change in quality over time in that field. METHODS:RCT manuscripts in the field of brain injury were identified using two readily-ava...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-5-7
更新日期:2005-02-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This paper focuses on measuring the efficiency and effectiveness of two diagramming methods employed in key informant interviews with clinicians and health care administrators. The two methods are 'participatory diagramming', where the respondent creates a diagram that assists in their communication of answe...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-8-53
更新日期:2008-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that differences exist in physical activity (PA) participation among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) children and adolescents. It is possible that these differences could be influenced by variations in measurement technique and instrument reliability. However, culturally sensit...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-11-122
更新日期:2011-08-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:International clinical trials are now rapidly expanding into Asia. However, the proportion of global trials is higher in South Korea compared to Japan despite implementation of similar governmental support in both countries. The difference in clinical trial environment might influence the respective physicia...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-13-130
更新日期:2013-10-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dichotomisation of continuous outcomes has been rightly criticised by statisticians because of the loss of information incurred. However to communicate a comparison of risks, dichotomised outcomes may be necessary. Peacock et al. developed a distributional approach to the dichotomisation of normally distribu...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-015-0028-8
更新日期:2015-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The development of risk prediction models is of increasing importance in medical research - their use in practice, however, is rare. Among other reasons this might be due to the fact that thorough validation is often lacking. This study focuses on two Bayesian approaches of how to validate a prediction rule ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-99
更新日期:2012-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Administrative databases offer vast amounts of data that provide opportunities for cost-effective insights. They simultaneously pose significant challenges to statistical analysis such as the redaction of data because of privacy policies and the provision of data that may not be at the level of detail requir...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-020-01181-x
更新日期:2020-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Identifying and assessing degree and type of frailty among older persons is a major challenge when targeting high risk populations to identify preventive interventions. The Vulnerable Elders Survey-(VES-13) is a simple instrument to identify frailty defined as risk for death, functional decline or institutio...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-020-0910-x
更新日期:2020-02-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Disease incidence and prevalence are both core indicators of population health. Incidence is generally not as readily accessible as prevalence. Cohort studies and electronic health record systems are two major way to estimate disease incidence. The former is time-consuming and expensive; the latter is not av...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-016-0288-y
更新日期:2017-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Systematic reviews (SRs) must be of high quality. The purpose of our research was to compare the methodological and reporting quality of original versus updated Cochrane SRs to determine whether updating had improved these two quality dimensions. METHODS:We identified updated Cochrane SRs published in issue...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-6-27
更新日期:2006-06-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Emergency Departments (EDs) are a first point-of-contact for many youth with mental health and suicidality concerns and can serve as an effective recruitment source for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mental health interventions. However, recruitment in acute care settings is impeded by several challe...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-020-01117-5
更新日期:2020-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The lack of suitable and reliable scales to measure self-reported health and health behaviour among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is an important methodological challenge in health research. This study, which was undertaken together with co-researchers with ID, explores possibilities for self-re...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0539-1
更新日期:2018-07-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical study reports (CSRs) have been increasingly utilised within academic research in recent years. European Medicines Agency (EMA) Policy 0070 'Phase 1,' which came into effect in January 2015, requires the publication of regulatory documents such as CSRs from central applications in an anonymised forma...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12874-019-0836-3
更新日期:2019-11-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recruitment to health research remains a major challenge. Innovation is required to meet policy commitments to help patients take part in health research. One innovation that may help meet those policy goals is the development of 'consent to contact' systems, where people give generic consent to be contacted...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-019-0843-4
更新日期:2019-10-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) are important as endpoints in clinical trials and epidemiological studies. Guidelines for the development of PRO instruments and analysis of PRO data have emphasized the need to report methods used for sample size planning. The Raschpower procedure has been proposed for sample...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-015-0011-4
更新日期:2015-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is widely used in biomedical research to assess the reproducibility of measurements between raters, labs, technicians, or devices. For example, in an inter-rater reliability study, a high ICC value means that noise variability (between-raters and within-raters) is...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-14-121
更新日期:2014-11-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Claims databases are generally considered inadequate for obesity research due to suboptimal capture of body mass index (BMI) measurements. This might not be true for bariatric surgery because of reimbursement requirements and changes in coding systems. We assessed the availability and validity of claims-base...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-020-01106-8
更新日期:2020-09-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Postal self-completion questionnaires offer one of the least expensive modes of collecting patient based outcomes in health care research. The purpose of this review is to assess the efficacy of methods of increasing response to postal questionnaires in health care studies on patient populations. METHODS:Th...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-6-5
更新日期:2006-02-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Models of hepatitis C virus (HCV) kinetics are increasingly used to estimate and to compare in vivo drug's antiviral effectiveness of new potent anti-HCV agents. Viral kinetic parameters can be estimated using non-linear mixed effect models (NLMEM). Here we aimed to evaluate the performance of this approach ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-13-60
更新日期:2013-04-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We developed and validated an automated database case definition for diabetes in children and youth to facilitate pharmacoepidemiologic investigations of medications and the risk of diabetes. METHODS:The present study was part of an in-progress retrospective cohort study of antipsychotics and diabetes in Te...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-128
更新日期:2012-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In a random effects meta-analysis model, true treatment effects for each study are routinely assumed to follow a normal distribution. However, normality is a restrictive assumption and the misspecification of the random effects distribution may result in a misleading estimate of overall mean for the treatmen...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-017-0376-7
更新日期:2017-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Navigating the world of qualitative thematic analysis can be challenging. This is compounded by the fact that detailed descriptions of methods are often omitted from qualitative discussions. While qualitative research methodologies are now mature, there often remains a lack of fine detail in their descriptio...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12874-019-0707-y
更新日期:2019-03-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effectiveness of multiple innovative recruitment strategies for enrolling Black/African American participants to the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) is described. The study's focus is diet and breast, prostate and colon cancer. METHODS:Promotions centered on trust, relationship building and incentives ...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-14-46
更新日期:2014-04-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With the increased empirical interest in the positive significance of improving nurses' sense of professional benefits, there is a requirement for measures of nurses' perceived professional benefit (NPPB). Our objective was to develop and psychometrically test a brief Nurses' Perceived Professional Benefit Q...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s12874-020-0908-4
更新日期:2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Observational outcome studies of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) require adjustment for co-morbidity to produce valid results. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the combination of administrative data and self-reported data provided a more complete estimate of co-morbidity among patien...
journal_title:BMC medical research methodology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2288-9-50
更新日期:2009-07-15 00:00:00