Abstract:
:Event-related potentials (ERPs) are evoked brain potentials that are averaged across many trial repetitions with individual trials aligned (i.e. time-locked) to a specific behavioral event, typically the onset of the stimulus (s-lock) or the onset of the behavioral response (r-lock). These evoked potential averages may reflect brain activities during the stimulus encoding/analyzing stage (stimulus component waveform, or 'S-component'), during the response preparation/production stage (response component waveform, or 'R-component'), or a combination thereof. In the stimulus-locked average of the ensemble of the recorded waveforms (i.e. in the s-locked ERP), the contribution of an R-component will be convoluted, due to the trial-by-trial variance in reaction time (RT): so will an S-component in the r-locked ERP. It is shown here that the knowledge of (1) the s-locked and r-locked ERP waveforms constructed from the same ensemble of trials and (2) the RT distribution of this ensemble allows us to determine whether the recorded potential results from a single S-component, a single R-component, or a single intermediate ('decisional' or D-) component related to the transition of the two stochastically independent stages. If it can be assumed that the evoked potential is the result of a linear summation of an S-component and an R-component, then there is a unique recovery into these two components, such that the reconstructed waveform on an individual trial is a superposition of the two components with their relative offset determined by the RT of that trial and the ensemble average is the experimentally obtained s-locked and r-locked ERP waveforms. Two independent methods can be used to recover those components, one based on Fourier transform techniques which was first proposed by Hansen (1983) in the context of ERP component isolation and the other based on a recursive iteration approach through which the contamination of the R or S-component is successively removed from the s-locked or r-locked ERP waveforms, respectively. The iterative procedure is analytically proven to converge to the Fourier-based solution, demonstrating the equivalence of the two approaches. Finally, if the condition of a single intermediate D-component is satisfied, then one can recover this component waveform along with the probability distributions of the relative durations of the two underlying linear stages; however, there is always an equivalent pair of S- and R-component which also satisfy the same data set (s-locked and r-locked ERP waveforms and the overall RT distribution). In this case, the S/R-component assumption and the D-component assumption cannot be distinguished solely on the ground of the available data set. The technique developed here outlines the assumptions and the boundary conditions upon which ensemble ERP waveforms are to be analyzed and interpreted in terms of processing mechanisms related to stimulus, to response, or to the transition between the two.
journal_name
J Neurosci Methodsjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience methodsauthors
Zhang Jdoi
10.1016/s0165-0270(97)00194-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-13 00:00:00pages
49-63issue
1eissn
0165-0270issn
1872-678Xpii
S0165-0270(97)00194-5journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章abstract:UNLABELLED:Lobeline is a potential smoking cessation drug with affinity for the α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and may inhibit the blood-brain barrier (BBB) amine transporter. The goal of this work was to use PET imaging to evaluate the effects of lobeline on the kinetic properties of [(18)F]nifene in the rat br...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.01.018
更新日期:2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are often corrupted with unintended artifacts which need to be removed for extracting meaningful clinical information from them. Typically a priori knowledge of the nature of the artifacts is needed for such purpose. Artifact contamination of EEG is even more prominent for ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.04.006
更新日期:2016-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Attempts to correlate the amount of bilateral brain injury with behavioral changes can be complicated if the lesions are bilaterally unsymmetrical in volume. Further complications are introduced if unilateral lesions are ineffective in producing behavioral changes. An index, W%, is proposed which is based on the produ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0270(84)90046-3
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glycogen-depletion technique has become a well-established method for determining histologically the cross-sectional distribution of a single muscle unit. A major drawback of this method is its low yield of one depleted unit per experiment. Furthermore, this technique is particularly unsuited for determining the l...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0270(87)90108-7
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Features extracted with optimized wavelets were compared with standard methods for a Brain-Computer Interface driven by non-motor imagery tasks. Two non-motor imagery tasks were used, Auditory Imagery of a familiar tune and Spatial Navigation Imagery through a familiar environment. The aims of this study were to evalu...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2008.06.026
更新日期:2008-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle is a convenient model system for studying basic questions on the neural regulation of synaptogenesis and of many properties of sarcolemma and contractile apparatus. The study of the neural signals involved in a particular regulation and of the mediating intracellular pathways, requires the chronic appl...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(00)00352-6
更新日期:2001-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Steady-state visual-evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) generate weak SSVEP with a monitor and cannot use harmonic frequencies, whereas P300-based BCIs need multiple stimulation sequences. These issues can decrease the information transfer rate (ITR). NEW METHOD:In this paper, we...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.11.001
更新日期:2016-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiscale entropy (MSE) estimates the predictability of a signal over multiple temporal scales. It has been recently applied to study brain signal variability, notably during aging. The grounds of its application and interpretation remain unclear and subject to debate. METHOD:We used both simulated and exp...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.09.004
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The sound fed to a loudspeaker may significantly differ from that reaching the ear of the listener. The transformation from one to the other consists of spectral distortions with strong dependence on the relative locations of the speaker and the listener as well as on the geometry of the environment. With th...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.08.025
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The whole cell patch clamp technique allows recording of membrane currents in an entire cell under voltage clamp conditions. However, technical difficulties arise in large cells bearing extensive processes, such as human fetal dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in culture. In order to improve space clamp conditions, h...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0270(90)90094-v
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Experimental stroke studies use multiple techniques to evaluate histopathological damage. Unfortunately, sensitivity and reproducibility of these techniques are poorly characterized despite pivotal influence on results. METHOD:The present study compared several quantification methods to differentiate betwee...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.11.001
更新日期:2015-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Computer-based sleep scoring systems are often calibrated by reference to a conventional visual analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) traces. However, these types of data place high demands on digital storage capacity which may limit the duration or feasibility of some studies. The pres...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.04.004
更新日期:2005-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::A novel, inexpensive apparatus (locometer) was designed to measure behavioral activity of rats including gross locomotor activity, rearing, and structural characteristics of movement patterns (i.e. fractal dimension). Measurements were done in 3 dimensions at a resolution of approximately 1 cm. To test the sensitivity...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0270(94)00145-7
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glass plates coated with transparent thin film conductors of indium-tin oxide (ITO), 100 nm thick and 10 microns wide, have been successfully used to record spike potentials from neuronal monolayer cultures. The material is non-toxic to mammalian spinal neurons and is stable under warm culture medium. Laser-deinsulate...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0270(85)90105-0
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is to develop a new simple method for analyzing one-dimensional transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) mapping studies in humans. Motor evoked potentials (MEP) were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle during stimulation at nine different positions on the scalp along a line pa...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.04.018
更新日期:2006-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Microwire array electrodes are important in multi-site, multiple single-unit recording experiments. A simple method is described herein for the construction of microwire arrays consisting of evenly spaced insulated microwires in either horizontal or vertical orientations. Several key steps in the fabrication of a good...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(03)00235-8
更新日期:2003-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Selective and simultaneous voltammetric analysis of catechols and indoles in vivo and in vitro has until now been feasible only by means of 'slow' scanning methods (scan speed in tens of seconds) such as differential pulse (DPV) and differential normal pulse voltammetry in conjunction with electrically and/or chemical...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0270(94)00043-g
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have reported on the use of primary neural cells transduced by adenoviral vectors as donor cells in neurotransplantation. In the present investigation, we examined whether adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer could be used to introduce and express a foreign gene in solid neural transplants of fetal...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(96)00131-8
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ferrets have been extensively used to unravel the neural mechanisms of coding and processing of visual information, and also to identify the developmental mechanisms underlying the emergence of such a complex and fine-tuned neural system. In recent years numerous tools have been generated that allow studying neural sy...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.11.016
更新日期:2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Formaldehyde vapor levels were evaluated in a histological fixative laboratory and environments where anatomical pieces treated with this fixative are stored or handled. Formaldehyde concentration in the air may reach values up to 9 times higher than that established (0.3 ppm) by the international official surveillanc...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(96)00158-6
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a method for estimating the average proportion of GABAergic terminal area relative to total nerve terminal area with confocal microscopy. Nerve terminal regions were identified with dual colour immunofluorescence on Vibratome sections with an antibody to synaptophysin (SYN), and GABAergic processes, includ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(99)00163-6
更新日期:2000-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::The coupling of Ca(2+) influx to synaptic vesicle (SV) recycling in nerve terminals is essential for neurotransmitter release and thus neuronal communication. Both of these parameters have been monitored using fluorescent reporter dyes such as fura-2 and FM1-43 in single central nerve terminals. However, their simulta...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2006.09.012
更新日期:2007-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::We report an original method for implanting bone marrow stem cells within the spinal cord parenchyma. This method was used for the experimental treatment of patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The methodology is reproducible and devoid of major complications even in patients showing significant spin...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.06.014
更新日期:2010-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Prehensile behavior is a popular task in current research on human motor control. Most studies on reaching used stationary target objects and, therefore, most models do not address the challenges the motor system must respond to when reaching for moving objects. The machines used in earlier studies to produce object m...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(00)00222-3
更新日期:2000-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this paper exploitation of correlation between post-movement beta rebound in EEG and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) in fMRI is addressed. Brain studies do not reveal any clear relationship between synchronous neuronal activity and BOLD signal. Simultaneous recording of EEG and fMRI provides a gr...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.07.018
更新日期:2015-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes improvements and further characterization of a ceramic-based multisite microelectrode for in vivo measurements of L-glutamate. Improvements include increased recording area, insulation deposition using photolithography for more uniform recording sites and forming the microelectrodes using a diamon...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(02)00172-3
更新日期:2002-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Barckground Alzheimer's disease (AD) is mainly caused by cellular loss and dysfunction of the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and cholinergic axons in the cortex leading to slowly progressive decline in learning and memory performance. Unfortunately, no definitive treatment to halt neural cell loss exists to date....
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.11.019
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrate herein that the standard 'Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity' (TEAC) assay, typically utilized to quantify total antioxidant levels within plasma, can also be utilized for tissue homogenates. Normal mice and transgenic mice lacking apolipoprotein E were subjected to a diet including iron as a generi...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(03)00028-1
更新日期:2003-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Using a specific rat monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody we have examined the subcellular distribution of -opioid receptors in various neuronal subtypes of the rat spinal cord. The immunofluorescence was detected with a confocal microscope and in some cases serial images were processed for a three-dimensional (3-D) rec...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(98)00149-6
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the modulation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in rats with central pattern generator (CPG) hardware made of silicon neurons. The neurons are made to compete through mutually inhibitory synapses to provide timed electrical oscillations that stimulate the peripheral end of vagus nerve at specific points of...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.09.024
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00