Abstract:
:To better understand the virological aspect of the expanding AIDS epidemic in southern Africa, a set of 23 near-full-length clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) representing eight AIDS patients from Botswana were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. All study viruses from Botswana belonged to HIV-1 subtype C. The interpatient diversity of the clones from Botswana was higher than among full-length isolates of subtype B or among a set of full-length HIV-1 genomes of subtype C from India (mean value of 9. 1% versus 6.5 and 4.3%, respectively; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Similar results were observed in all genes across the entire viral genome. We suggest that the high level of HIV-1 diversity might be a typical feature of the subtype C epidemic in southern Africa. The reason or reasons for this diversity are unclear, but may include an altered replication efficiency of HIV-1 subtype C and/or the multiple introduction of different subtype C viruses.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Novitsky VA,Montano MA,McLane MF,Renjifo B,Vannberg F,Foley BT,Ndung'u TP,Rahman M,Makhema MJ,Marlink R,Essex Mdoi
10.1128/JVI.73.5.4427-4432.1999subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-05-01 00:00:00pages
4427-32issue
5eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have analyzed the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) induced by in vitro infection with African swine fever (ASF) virus (ASFV) and the systemic and local release of this inflammatory cytokine upon in vivo infection. An early increase in TNF-alpha mRNA expression was detected in ASFV-infected alve...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.3.2173-2180.1999
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::AIDS-related human cytomegalovirus retinitis remains the leading cause of blindness among untreated HIV/AIDS patients worldwide. To study mechanisms of this disease, we used a clinically relevant animal model of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) retinitis with retrovirus-induced murine AIDS (MAIDS) that mimics the progres...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00526-18
更新日期:2018-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) occurs in a small population of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected individuals. Although the critical risk factor for ATL development is not clear, it has been noted that ATL is incidentally associated with mother-to-child infection, elevated proviral loads, and weakness i...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.5.2956-2963.2003
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of monkey cells with human adenovirus (Ad) is abortive, but the infection can be enhanced by coinfecting with simian virus 40 (SV40). However, in the coinfected monkey cells, Ad interferes strongly with SV40 DNA biosynthesis. This interference was found to be a reproducible, delicately controlled phenomenon ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.27.2.275-287.1978
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the E2 glycoprotein of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) have been classified according to their ability to bind to either of the two purified 90,000-molecular-weight subunits (90K subunits) of the 180K peplomeric glycoprotein E2. Correlation with previously reported information...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.6.3051-3055.1990
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replication and infectivity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with a defective genome is ambiguous. We molecularly cloned 38 HCV isolates with defective genomes from 18 patient sera. The structural regions were widely deleted, with the 5' untranslated, core, and NS3-NS5B regions preserved. All of the deletions were in frame,...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02674-08
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tax gene of the human T-cell leukemia virus types I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) is essential for viral replication and acts by increasing the level of RNA transcription. The tax genes of HTLV-I and HTLV-II encode proteins of 40 and 37 kilodaltons, respectively. By in vitro mutagenesis of the tax gene, we have inve...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.3.1474-1479.1989
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza viruses and rhinoviruses are responsible for a large number of acute respiratory viral infections in human populations and are detected as copathogens within hosts. Clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that coinfection by rhinovirus and influenza virus may reduce disease severity and that they may al...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00881-18
更新日期:2018-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Combined Southern blot hybridization analyses of DNA digests of several clinical strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae have revealed the presence of a gene (hblR), or part of it, similar to the hbl7 gene coding for the cell wall lytic enzyme of the temperate HB-746 phage. The results confirmed that the genome of HB-746,...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.5.2860-2864.1992
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental reverse genetic replacement of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 3A (EBNA3A) with a conditional mutant EBNA3A revealed that EBNA3A is critical for continued lymphoblastoid cell (LCL) growth. Wild-type (wt) EBNA3A expressed in the LCLs specifically sustained growth under nonpermissive conditions, whereas ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.16.10171-10179.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutralizing antibodies may have critical importance in immunity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, the amount of protective antibody needed at mucosal surfaces has not been fully established. Here, we evaluated systemic and mucosal pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) o...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01361-13
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CC-chemokines RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and MIP-1beta are natural ligands for the CC-chemokine receptor CCR5. MIP-1alpha, also known as LD78alpha, has an isoform, LD78beta, which was identified as the product of a nonallelic gene. The two isoforms differ in only 3 amino acids. LD...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.9.4402-4406.2001
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified a trans-dominant mutant form of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA-binding protein ICP8 which inhibits viral replication. When expressed by the V2.6 cell line, the mutant gene product inhibited wild-type HSV production by 50- to 150-fold when the multiplicity of infection was less than 5. Production...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.5.2666-2675.1991
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant poxvirus vectors are undergoing intensive evaluation as vaccine candidates for a variety of infectious pathogens. Avipoxviruses, such as canarypox virus, are replication deficient in mammalian cells by virtue of a poorly understood species-specific restriction. Highly attenuated vaccinia virus strains such...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02654-06
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::African swine fever virus (ASFV) multigene family 360 and 530 (MGF360/530) genes affect viral growth in macrophage cell cultures and virulence in pigs (L. Zsak, Z. Lu, T. G. Burrage, J. G. Neilan, G. F. Kutish, D. M. Moore, and D. L. Rock, J. Virol. 75:3066-3076, 2001). The mechanism by which these novel genes affect ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.78.4.1858-1864.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccines designed to elicit AIDS virus-specific CD8+ T cells should engender broad responses. Emerging data indicate that alternate reading frames (ARFs) of both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) encode CD8+ T cell epitopes, termed cryptic epitopes. Here, we show that SIV-speci...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01419-10
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The APOBEC3 family of DNA cytosine deaminases has important roles in innate immunity and cancer. It is unclear how DNA tumor viruses regulate these enzymes and how these interactions, in turn, impact the integrity of both the viral and cellular genomes. Polyomavirus (PyVs) are small DNA pathogens that contai...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00771-16
更新日期:2016-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Using in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that latent herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gene expression is prevalent in human adult nodose ganglia. This suggests that infection of gastrointestinal sensory nerves, probably through swallowed virus-laden oral secretions, occurs commonly and that HSV-1 reactivating f...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.5.4103-4106.1997
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borna disease virus (BDV) is an enveloped virus with a genome organization characteristic of Mononegavirales. However, based on its unique features, BDV is considered the prototypic member of a new virus family, Bornaviridae, within the order Mononegavirales. We have described the establishment of a reverse genetics s...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.10.6544-6550.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral infectivity factor (Vif) is one of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) accessory proteins and is conserved in the primate lentivirus group. This protein is essential for viral replication in vivo and for productive infection of nonpermissive cells, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Vif counte...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.2.823-833.2005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intragastric inoculation with whole-virion vaccine of inactivated influenza virus resulted in production of hemagglutinin (HA)-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG both in lung lavage fluids and in serum samples of mice. HA-specific IgA was the predominant isotypic antibody secreted in the lung lavage fluids (avera...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.61.7.2150-2154.1987
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we show that replication-competent subgenomic hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA can be transferred to permissive Huh7 cells, leading to the establishment of viral RNA replication. Further, we show that these events are mediated by exosomes rather than infectious virus particles. If similar events occur in viv...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02721-14
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) produces intense pulmonary inflammation, in part through its ability to induce chemokine synthesis in infected airway epithelial cells. RANTES (regulated upon activation, normally T-cell expressed and presumably secreted) is a CC chemokine which recruits and activates monocytes, lymph...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.14.6428-6439.2001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The insertion of a particular phi X DNA sequence in the plasmid pACYC177 strongly decreased the capacity of Escherichia coli cells containing such a plasmid to propagate bacteriophage phi X174. The smallest DNA sequence tested that showed the effect was the HindII fragment R4. This fragment does not code for a complet...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.42.1.1-11.1982
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Penetration of the nervous systems of suckling mice by prototype strains of the three mammalian reovirus serotypes was studied after footpad inoculation of a dose (10(7) PFU) representing 3.5 x 10(3) 50% lethal doses (LD50) for reovirus type 3 Dearing and less than 1 LD50 for reoviruses type 1 Lang and type 2 Jones. T...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.1.123-131.1991
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection can reduce levels of HIV-1 RNA in plasma to below the limit of detection, replication-competent forms of the virus persist in all infected individuals. One form of persistence involves a stable reservoir of ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.18.9481-9492.2002
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that chronic viral infections can cause immune suppression, resulting in increased susceptibility to other infectious diseases. However, the effects of chronic viral infection on T-cell responses and vaccination against highly pathogenic viruses are not well understood. We have recently shown th...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01832-19
更新日期:2020-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory syncytial (RS) virus infects the epithelium of the respiratory tract. We examined the replication and maturation of RS virus in two polarized epithelial cell lines, Vero C1008 and MDCK. Electron microscopy of RS virus-infected Vero C1008 cells revealed the presence of pleomorphic viral particles budding ex...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.4.2667-2673.1995
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune responses and the components of protective immunity following norovirus infection in humans are poorly understood. Although antibody responses following norovirus infection have been partially characterized, T cell responses in humans remain largely undefined. In contrast, T cells have been shown to be essentia...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00727-10
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we show that human cytomegalovirus DNA synthesis is inhibited in infected confluent human embryonic lung cells treated with the DNA-intercalative topoisomerase II inhibitor 4-9'-(acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA). Similar inhibitory effects were observed with VM-26, a nonintercalative to...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.12.4797-4800.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00