Abstract:
:Whole cell and cell-attached patch-clamp techniques characterized the neurosteroid anesthetic alphaxalone's (5alpha-pregnane-3alpha-ol-11,20-dione) effects on GABAA receptors and on Cl- currents in cultured embryonic (5- to 8-wk old) human dorsal root ganglion neurons. Alphaxalone applied by pressure pulses from closely positioned micropipettes failed to potentiate the inward Cl- currents produced by application of GABA. In the absence of GABA, alphaxalone (0.1-5.0 microM) directly evoked inward currents in all dorsal root ganglion neurons voltage-clamped at negative membrane potentials. The amplitude of the current was directly proportional to the concentration of alphaxalone (Hill coefficient 1.3 +/- 0.15). The alphaxalone-induced whole cell current was carried largely by Cl- ions. Its reversal potential was close to the theoretical Cl- equilibrium potential, changing with a shift in the external Cl- concentration as predicted by the Nernst equation for Cl- ions. And because the alphaxalone-current was not suppressed by the competitive GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline or by the channel blockers picrotoxin and t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate (TBPS; all at 100 microM), it did not appear to result from activation of GABAA receptors. In contrast to GABA-currents in the same neurons, the whole cell current-voltage curves produced in the presence of alphaxalone demonstrated strong inward rectification with nearly symmetrical bath and pipette Cl- concentrations. Fluctuation analysis of the membrane current variance produced by 1.0 microM alphaxalone showed that the power density spectra were best fitted to double Lorentzian functions. The elementary conductance for alphaxalone-activated Cl- channels determined by the relationship between mean amplitude of whole cell current and variance was 30 pS. Single-channel currents in cell-attached patches when the pipette solution contained 10 microM alphaxalone revealed a single conductance state with a chord conductance of approximately 29 pS. No subconductance states were seen. The current-voltage determinations for the single-channels activated by alphaxalone demonstrated a linear relationship. Mean open and shut times of single alphaxalone-activated channels were described by two exponential decay functions. Taken together, the results indicate that in embryonic human DRG neurons, micromolar concentrations of alphaxalone directly activate Cl- channels whose electrophysiological and pharmacological properties are distinct from those of Cl- channels associated with GABAA receptors.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Valeyev AY,Hackman JC,Holohean AM,Wood PM,Katz JL,Davidoff RAdoi
10.1152/jn.1999.82.1.10subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-07-01 00:00:00pages
10-5issue
1eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Swallow-evoked potentials in the preganglionic vagal fibers were studied using the single-fiber recording technique in anesthetized opossums. Swallows were evoked by tactile pharyngeal stimulation or electrical stimulation of the cut central end of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN). Swallowing activity was recorded b...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1984.52.6.1169
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleus accumbens core (AcbC) is a striatal brain region essential for integrating motivated behavior and reward processing with premotor function. In humans and rodents, research has identified sex differences and sex steroid hormone sensitivity in AcbC-mediated behaviors, in disorders, and in rats in the electro...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00257.2018
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabotropic receptors modulate numerous cellular processes by intracellular Ca2+ signaling, but less is known about their role in regulating mitochondrial metabolic function within the CNS. In this study, we demonstrate in area CA3 of rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures that glutamatergic, serotonergic, and mu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00042.2003
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When people match an unseen hand to a visual or proprioceptive target, they make both variable and systematic (bias) errors. Variance is a well-established factor in behavior, but the origin and implications of bias, and its connection to variance, are poorly understood. Eighty healthy adults matched their unseen righ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00633.2017
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that successively presented sounds that are perceived as separate auditory streams are represented by separate populations of neurons. Mostly, spectral separation in different peripheral filters has been identified as the cue for segregation. However, stream segregation based on temporal cues is ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00496.2010
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult neuronal phenotype is maintained, at least in part, by the sensitivity of individual neurons to a specific selection of neurotrophic factors and the availability of such factors in the neurons' environment. Nerve growth factor (NGF) increases the functional expression of Na(+) channel currents (I(Na)) and both N...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00966.2007
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The pteropod mollusk Clione limacina swims by rhythmical oscillations of two wings, and its spatial orientation during locomotion is determined by tail movements. The majority of neurons responsible for generation of the wing and tail movements are located in the pedal ganglia. On the other hand, the majority of se...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.5.1912
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modulation of dendrodendritic synapses by the noradrenergic system in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) plays a key role in the formation of memory in olfactory-mediated behaviors. We have recently shown that noradrenaline (NA) inhibits mitral cells by increasing gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibitory input onto mitral c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91093.2008
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histamine is a known secretagogue in adrenal chromaffin cells. Activation of G-protein linked H(1) receptors stimulates phospholipase C, which generates inositol trisphosphate leading to release of intracellular calcium stores and stimulation of calcium influx through store operated and other channels. This calcium le...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.3.1435
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voluntary and stimulus-driven shifts of attention can modulate the representation of behaviorally relevant stimuli in early areas of visual cortex. In turn, attended items are processed faster and more accurately, facilitating the selection of appropriate behavioral responses. Information processing is also strongly i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01090.2009
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The question of whether active uptake limits the duration of action of the inhibitory transmitter glycine has been addressed in vivo at inhibitory synapses on the goldfish Mauthner (M) cell. The kinetics of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) evoked antidromically and by ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.75.4.1738
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phasic and tonic motor neurons of crustaceans differ strikingly in their junctional synaptic physiology. Tonic neurons generally produce small excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) that facilitate strongly as stimulation frequency is increased, and normally show no synaptic depression. In contrast, phasic neurons...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.1.281
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recorded single-unit activity of 25 units in the parafoveal representation of macaque V1 to transient appearance of sinusoidal gratings. Gratings were systematically varied in spatial phase and in one or two of the following: contrast, spatial frequency, and orientation. Individual responses were compared based on ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.554
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The voltage-gated K(+) channel Kv1.3 has been reported to regulate transmitter release in select central and peripheral neurons. In this study, we evaluated its role at the synapse between visceral sensory afferents and secondary neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). We identified mRNA and protein for Kv...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00494.2010
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutual inhibition between the GABAergic cells of the thalamic reticular nucleus (RTN) is important in regulating oscillations in the thalamocortical network, promoting those in the spindle range of frequencies over those at lower frequencies. Excitatory inputs to the RTN from the cerebral cortex are numerically large ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00624.2003
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The completion of an antisaccade (i.e., a nonstandard task) lengthens the reaction time (RT) of a subsequent prosaccade: a behavioral phenomenon termed the unidirectional prosaccade switch-cost. One explanation for the unidirectional prosaccade switch-cost is suppressing a stimulus-driven prosaccade during the precedi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00352.2014
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::One-hertz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (1Hz-rTMS) over ipsilateral motor cortex is able to modify up to 30 min the motor performance of repetitive finger opposition movements paced with a metronome at 2 Hz. We investigated whether the long-lasting rTMS effect on motor behavior can be modulated by subse...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90428.2008
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stretch reflexes contribute to arm impedance and longer-latency stretch reflexes exhibit increased sensitivity during interactions with compliant or unstable environments. This increased sensitivity is consistent with a regulation of arm impedance to compensate for decreased stability of the environment, but the speci...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00679.2009
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is to assess brain activity measured during continuous performance of design tracing tasks. Three issues were addressed: identification of brain areas involved in performing maze and square tracing tasks, investigation of differences and similarities in these areas related to dominant and nondomi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.4.2177
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although species-specific differences in ion channel properties are well-documented, little has been known about the properties of the human Nav1.8 channel, an important contributor to pain signaling. Here we show, using techniques that include voltage clamp, current clamp, and dynamic clamp in dorsal root ganglion (D...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00113.2015
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral protocerebral interneurons (LPIs) in the central olfactory pathway of the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii reside within the lateral protocerebrum and receive direct input from projection neurons of the olfactory midbrain. The LPIs exhibit periodic (0.5 Hz) changes in membrane potential that are imposed...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.3.1231
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apical dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal cells in a slice preparation of rat sensorimotor cortex were depolarized focally by long-lasting glutamate iontophoresis while recording intracellularly from their soma. In most cells the firing pattern evoked by the smallest dendritic depolarization that evoked spikes consisted o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.3.1341
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore the effects of acoustic and behavioral context on neuronal responses in the core of auditory cortex (fields A1 and R), two monkeys were trained on a go/no-go discrimination task in which they learned to respond selectively to a four-note target (S+) melody and withhold response to a variety of other nontarg...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00828.2007
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The propagation of antidromically activated action potentials in CA1 pyramidal neurons was examined with intrasomatic and intradendritic electrical recording and optical measurements using the fluorescent calcium indicator Calcium Green-1. 2. In somatic recordings, trains of 40 action potentials, activated at rates...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.4.1395
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reach-to-grasp movements require information about the distance and size of target objects. Calibration of this information could be achieved via feedback information (visual and/or haptic) regarding terminal accuracy when target objects are grasped. A number of reports suggest that the nervous system alters reach-to-...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00112.2013
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a noninvasive tool used to probe cognitive and affective processes. Although fMRI provides indirect measures of neural activity, the advent of fMRI has allowed for1) the corroboration of significant animal findings in the human brain, and2) the expansion of models to inc...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00333.2015
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cortical N1 response to balance perturbation is observed in electroencephalography recordings simultaneous to automatic balance-correcting muscle activity. We recently observed larger cortical N1s in individuals who had greater difficulty resisting compensatory steps, suggesting the N1 may be influenced by steppin...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00341.2020
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Whole cell current-clamp recordings show that odors not only depolarize but may also hyperpolarize lobster olfactory receptor cells. Odor-evoked hyperpolarizations occurred in 36% of 178 receptor cells examined. Cell-attached recordings of action potentials followed by current-clamp recordings in the same cell indi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.65.3.446
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have rarely tested whether the activity of high-frequency discharge (HFD) neurons of the basal ganglia (BG) is modulated by expectation, delivery, and omission of aversive events. Therefore the full value domain encoded by the BG network is still unknown. We studied the activity of HFD neurons of the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90764.2008
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A 16-channel electrode array was used to record simultaneously extracellular laminar field potentials evoked by displacement of contralateral vibrissa from vibrissa/barrel cortex in five rats. Current source-density (CSD) analysis combined with principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the time cours...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.832
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00