Abstract：
:When used as initial therapy in combination with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, indinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir and possible saquinavir-soft gel capsule (saquinavir-sgc) are highly effective agents. Patients who have been extensively pretreated, have advanced immunodeficiency or are unable to adhere with therapy are at high risk of failing protease inhibitor therapy. Although relevant prospective, randomized controlled clinical trails have not been reported, failure of a first protease inhibitor appears to compromise future therapeutic options. After resistance to indinavir or ritonavir emerges, salvage therapy with a protease inhibitor-containing regimen may be difficult. Preliminary data indicate that salvage therapy after resistance to saquinavir or nelfinavir emerges may be possible; however, this requires further investigation. The activity of newer agents, such as amprenavir or ABT 378, in salvage regimens is unknown. Until these issues are addressed in large prospective studies, clinicians should assume that cross-resistance will be common among all protease inhibitors.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Deeks SGdoi
10.1007/978-1-4615-4743-3_17subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
175-82eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
458pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Our knowledge of plant sphingolipid metabolism and function has significantly increased over the past years. This applies mainly to the identification and the functional characterization of genes and enzymes involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis. In addition a number of plant mutants have provided new insights into sp...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-6741-1_18
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uterine peroxidase enzyme activity has been studied as a marker for estrogen action in the uterus to help clarify the mechanism of estrogen action and its modulation by antiestrogens and progestins. Estrogen-induced increases in peroxidase were found to closely parallel increases in uterine weight and DNA content in t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-6589-2_8
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intramolecular ADP-ribose transfer reactions result in the formation of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and 2'-phospho-cyclic ADP-ribose (P-cADPR) from NAD and NADP, respectively. The potent Ca2+ releasing activity of these cyclic nucleotides has led to the postulation that they function as second messengers of Ca2+ signall...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical treatment of diabetic patients by islet transplantation faces various complications. At present, in vitro expansion of islets occurs at the cost of their essential features, which are insulin production and release. However, the recent discovery of blood vessel/beta-cell interactions as an important aspect of...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-90-481-3271-3_10
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age is a critical determinant of the ability of most arthropod vectors to transmit a range of human pathogens. This is due to the fact that most pathogens require a period of extrinsic incubation in the arthropod host before pathogen transmission can occur. This developmental period for the pathogen often comprises a ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-78225-6_11
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the pathological alterations that give tumor cells invasive potential, purinergic signaling is emerging as an important component. Studies performed in in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo glioma models indicate that alterations in the purinergic signaling are involved in the progression of these tumors. Gliomas have l...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-30651-9_5
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kinins and angiotensins affect renal and intestinal function and are rapidly converted and/or inactivated in the renal proximal tubule and intestinal tract by converting enzyme, kininases and angiotensinases of the brush border. Converting enzyme accounts for only 40% of intestinal kininases activity. Thus inhibition ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intraperitoneal treatment with the enzyme inhibitor, pepstatin, of BSVS mice, guinea pigs and Lewis rats which were sensitized with guinea pig spinal cord and pertussis vaccine resulted in complete or partial suppression of paralysis dependent on the species studied and alterations of histological signs of experimenta...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-8914-9_30
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium (Ca2+) accumulation inside mitochondria represents a pleiotropic signal controlling a wide range of cellular functions, including key metabolic pathways and life/death decisions. This phenomenon has been first described in the 1960s, but the identity of the molecules controlling this process remained a mystery...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_2
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stem cells having the capability to differentiate into other type of cells and renewing themselves, gained so much importance in recent years. Investigations in stem cells revealed that mesenchymal stem cells can successfully differentiate into other type of cells like adipocytes, hepatocytes, osteocytes, neurocytes a...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2019_476
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chemical and enzymatic browning reactions of plant polyphenols and their effects on amino acids and proteins are reviewed. A model system of casein and oxidizing caffeic acid has been studied in more detail. The effects of pH, time, caffeic acid level and the presence or not of tyrosinase on the decrease of FDNB-r...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-4790-3_20
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breathing vitally serves body homeostasis. The prevalence of upper airway infections is often taken as an indicator of overall health status of a population living at a given time. In the present study we examined the unearthed remains of skulls from the XIII-XV century inhabitants searching for signs of maxillary sin...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-6627-3_20
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the proteins that comprise the albumin family, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the only member which exhibits immunoregulatory properties. However, some investigations have argued that AFP-mediated immunosuppression is not an inherent property of the molecule itself, but is instead, hypothesized to be either a functi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-1891-4_27
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened the possibility to design novel therapeutic approaches. In 2014, the first-in-human clinical trial of iPSC-based therapy was conducted. However, the transplantation for the second patient was discontinued at least in part due to g...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-31206-0_2
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphocyte development and ontogenetic changes in erythroid cells have been studied in chick-chick yolk sac-embryo chimeras constructed of histoincompatible partners. The results obtained indicate that the early chick yolk sac produces transiently erythroid stem cells whereas definitive erythrocytes are derived from t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-9066-4_2
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular basis of the biological differences between Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis remains largely unknown, and relatively little is known about environmental regulation of gene expression in these bacteria. We used a proteomic approach to explore the regulatory response of each bacterium to car...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-72124-8_11
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many double-stranded DNA bacteriophages and viruses use specialized ATP-driven molecular machines to package their genomes into tightly confined procapsid shells. Over the last decade, single-molecule approaches - and in particular, optical tweezers - have made key contributions to our understanding of this remarkable...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-0980-9_24
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three-dimensional printing technique has been adapted for orthopedic surgery, and a patient-specific surgical guide (PSG) has been introduced as a convenient surgical instrument and implicated in the ideal positioning of the components, including acetabular and femoral components in total hip arthroplasty (THA). PSG i...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-1396-7_23
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activity of liver macrophages was evaluated using a magnetometric method after administration of different perfluorochemicals. Following treatment with perfluoroctylbromide a significant shorter time period of diminished macrophage activity was found compared with a mixture of perfluorodecalin and perfluorotriprop...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2468-7_28
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methods to develop an immuno-optical biosensor for the detection and monitoring of Protein C (PC) concentrations are described. A tapered quartz fiber is enclosed in a glass tube (capacity approximately 300 microliters) and monoclonal antibody against PC (anti-PC) is immobilized on the surface of this fiber. PC within...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-4863-8_81
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of adenosine and its derivatives on binding of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor ligands with homogenates of rat vas deferens were examined. Adenosine and 2-chloradenosine increased the amount of [3H]clonidine binding. ATP had a slight effect, but AMP and adenine had none. The effect of adenosine was inhibited b...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-4805-4_11
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These investigations were undertaken to elucidate whether the difference between the time courses of the isometric tension and the velocity of shortening upon releases to a given isotonic load various times during a twitch is due to a change in the kinetics of the individual cross-bridges, i.e. in the rate constants g...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three different commercially available melatonin preparations were analyzed by on-line HPLC-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. All three samples contained the same impurities at the approximately 0.1-0.5% level of parent melatonin. Based on accurate mass-HPLC-MS and tandem mass spectrometric analyses, t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-4709-9_99
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have seen the emergence of advances in imaging technology that enable in vivo evaluation of the living retina. Two of the more promising techniques, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and adaptive optics (AO) fundus imaging provide complementary views of the retinal tissue. SD-OCT devic...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-1399-9_35
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Curcumin, a yellow pigment from the spice turmeric, is used in Indian and Chinese medicine since ancient times for wide range of diseases. Extensive scientific research on this molecule performed over the last 3 to 4 decades has proved its potential as an important pharmacological agent. The antioxidant, anti-inflamma...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_1
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The experimental use of capsaicin has made possible the discovery that chemosensitive neurons participate in the activation of endogenous mechanisms of protection in the face of pending injury to the gastric mucosa. At present, the pathophysiological potential of this neural emergency system is best reflected by the g...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the main catalytic and structural molecules within living systems, proteins are the most likely biomolecules to be affected by radiation exposure. Proteomics, the comprehensive characterization of proteins within complex biological samples, is therefore a research approach ideally suited to assess the effects of ra...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-5896-4_1
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secondary tumours in the brain account for 40 % of triple negative breast cancer patients, and the percentage may be higher at the time of autopsy. The use of in vivo models allow us to recapitulate the molecular mechanisms potentially used by circulating breast tumour cells to proliferate within the brain.Metastasis ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-26666-4_13
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There was great individual variation in the elevations of serum cholesterol concentrations in a Wistar strain of rats by the ingestion of a large amount of cholesterol, although their cholesterol concentrations were almost identical while under the feeding of a regular stock diet. Their serum total phospholipid and de...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-4618-7_16
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of autoantigens, especially via the mucosal route, can induce tolerance under certain circumstances. In autoimmune diabetes, mucosal vaccination with autoantigens was frequently effective in restoring tolerance in mice but has not yet succeeded in humans. Furthermore, in some instances, autoimmunity can...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-72005-0_34
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
