Abstract:
:The importance of molybdenum-containing enzymes in the pathophysiology of a number of clinical disorders necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their histological localization and expression. The objectives of this review are to cover such enzymes so far reported and their enzyme- and immunohistochemical localization in various tissues and species, and to discuss their possible pathophysiological effects. The molybdenum cofactor is essential for the activity of the three molybdenum-containing enzymes, sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase. Sulfite oxidase serves as the terminal enzyme in the pathway of the oxidative degradation of sulfur amino acids, and is also involved in preventing the toxic effects of sulfur dioxide. Biochemical study has revealed a high activity of sulfite oxidase mainly in the liver, heart and kidney with lesser activity observed in other tissues. Subcellular observations have shown that this enzyme is present in the mitochondrial intermembraneous spaces. Xanthine oxidase is the final enzyme in the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and subsequently, to uric acid. Unlike sulfite and aldehyde oxidases, xanthine oxidase can be converted to xanthine dehydrogenase, and vice versa. Xanthine oxidase has been widely investigated for its role in post-ischemic reperfusion tissue injury. Enzyme- and immunohistochemical studies of its localization in various animal species and tissues have shown its ubiquitous distribution in the liver, small and large intestine, lung and kidney, and other tissues. Aldehyde oxidase shares a similar substrate specificity with xanthine oxidase. Although the tissue localization of this enzyme has not been studied as thoroughly as that of xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase is reportedly found in the digestive gland of terrestrial gastropods, the antennae of certain moths as well as the mammalian liver. Recently, the ubiquitous distribution of aldehyde oxidase has been demonstrated in rat tissues. The aldehyde oxidase activity of herbivores exceeds that of carnivores, suggesting a possible role of this enzyme as a protection against the effects of toxic plants. The relationship between the tissue localization of these enzymes and their pathophysiological roles is reviewed.
journal_name
Histol Histopatholjournal_title
Histology and histopathologyauthors
Moriwaki Y,Yamamoto T,Higashino Ksubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-04-01 00:00:00pages
513-24issue
2eissn
0213-3911issn
1699-5848journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The presence of the mu-opioid receptor and the type of glycosylation in the third extra-cellular loop of this receptor was investigated in the isthmus of mare oviduct during oestrus by means of immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry combined with enzymatic (N-glycosidase F and O-glycosidase) and chemical (beta-elimin...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-23.555
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present a case of benign oncocytoma (oxyphil cell adenoma) of the nasal cavity in a young woman. This is the fifth case reported in that region. Immunohistochemical stains revealed positivity only for cytokeratin. ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary objective of this research project was to study the role of sex steroids in the pathogenesis of cholelithiasis using the Syrian hamster as a model. In addition to the morphological examination of the gallbladder epithelium, we thought it imperative to observe the changes induced in the biliary tract in res...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Honey and olive oil are natural products that have high nutritional values, and therapeutic properties. Cytotoxic drugs, like methotrexate (MTX) are used to treat malignancies in tumour cells; however, these drugs also have serious side effects that could threaten the patient's life. AIM:To evaluate the pot...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18-126
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent data challenge the relevance of the RB pathway to cancer based on RB inactivation, at least in breast tumors. To obtain information on the actual role of the components of the RB pathway in tumor progression we decided to investigate whether their quantitative changes were associated with variations in the leve...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-22.769
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) and vitiligo are two cutaneous pigmentary dermatoses of unknown etiology. In the present study, the leukocyte infiltrates in the affected skin of EDP and vitiligo patients were studied using the avidin-biotin (ABC) immunoperoxidase technique and monoclonal antibodies which recognis...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The liver represents a site of expression of neurotrophins and their receptors. We have characterized the expression and intracellular localization of the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor, Trk-A, in liver cells in vivo and in vitro. In both normal and fibrotic liver tissue, Trk-A immunostaining was present in differ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-23.327
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Duodenal samples were taken from similar locations in six cats, processed, stained, and examined via light microscope. There were no prominent circular folds (plicae circulares) or stratum compactum (lamina subglandularis). The 1072 microns x 201 microns villi were covered by 46 microns high columnar epitheliocytes pr...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The salamanderfish, Lepidogalaxias salamandroides (Galaxiidae, Teleostei) is endemic to southwestern Australia and inhabits shallow, freshwater pools which evaporate during the hot summer months. Burrowing into the substrate in response to falling water levels allows these fish to aestivate for extended periods of tim...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-13.1037
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-15.7
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-16.1097
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is a lymphoepithelial organ, related to the immune defence of the lung and to alveolar clearance, which changes size in certain states of disease. Changes in the size of BALT were quantified and compared, and Spearman's test was used to test the relation with the bronchi...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-11-816
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-18.879
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six 4 month-old beagles were inoculated with Leishmania donovani infantum, three of them intraperitoneally (Group A) and the other three intravenously (Group B). The animals from Group A were killed 109, 433 and 592 days after inoculation and animals from Group B 109, 171 and 334 after inoculation. The liver of each o...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-24.107
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-19.495
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-24.1515
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-29.1249
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the lungs, neuronal M2 muscarinic receptors limit the release of acetylcholine from postganglionic cholinergic nerves. However, these receptors are not functional under certain circumstances in animal models of hyperreactivity such as occurs after exposure of sensitised animals to an allergen or during a respirator...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-15.861
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melanocytes characterized by their tyrosinase activity, melanosomes and dendrites locate in the basal layer of epidermis and hair bulb in the skin of mice. Melanocytes differentiate from undifferentiated melanoblasts derived from embryonic neural crest. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone plays an important role in the reg...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The techniques for light and electron microscopic radioautography developed in our laboratory are described. The outlines of the applications to various tissues and organs are also briefly summarized. First, the techniques are explained in detail. These techniques can be divided into two categories, i.e., chemical fix...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of studies have shown that incubation of different tumour cell lines with mistletoe lectins (MLs) in vitro has a marked cytotoxic effect. In the concentration range of low cytotoxicity cell death induced by ML-I is quantitatively due to apoptotic processes. The first events observed being membrane perforatio...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-21.285
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strain injuries of tendons are the most common orthopedic injuries in athletic subjects, be they equine or human. When the tendon is suddenly damaged, an acute inflammatory phase occurs whereas its repetitive overloading may cause chronic injuries. Currently the criteria used for grading injuries are general and subje...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-11-601
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A technique for staining the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in tumor cells applied to smears from brain tumor biopsy specimens is described. This technique provides a rapid intraoperative evaluation of the proliferative activity in cerebral neoplasms and is a valuable complement to hematoxylineosin stained smears,...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three-dimensional characteristics of the epithelial cell layer and connective tissue interface of the tongue were studied using scanning electron microscopy. In this study, the fragments of tongue were fixed in modified Karnovsky's fixative solution. Subsequently, the specimens were treated with 10% NaOH solution for ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-17.455
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibrosis is a pathological feature of most chronic diseases and leads to the dysfunction of various organs. However, there is currently no effective method for treating fibrosis. In recent years, a small gas, sulfur dioxide (SO₂), which can be generated endogenously in mammals, has been found to have vasorelaxation ac...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-18-169
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00