Abstract:
:Targeting essential cellular pathways that determine neuronal and vascular survival can foster a successful therapeutic platform for the treatment of a wide variety of degenerative disorders in the central nervous system. In particular, oxidative cellular injury can precipitate several nervous system disorders that may either be acute in nature, such as during cerebral ischemia, or more progressive and chronic, such as during Alzheimer disease. Apoptotic injury in the brain proceeds through two distinct pathways that ultimately result in the early externalization of membrane phosphatidylserine (PS) residues and the late induction of genomic DNA fragmentation. Degradation of DNA may acutely impact cellular survival, while the exposure of membrane PS residues can lead to microglial phagocytosis of viable cells, cellular inflammation, and thrombosis in the vascular system. Through either independent or common pathways, the Wingless/Wnt pathway and the serine-threonine kinase Akt serve central roles in the maintenance of cellular integrity and the prevention of the phagocytic disposal of cells "tagged" by PS exposure. By selectively governing the activity of specific downstream substrates that include GSK-3beta, Bad, and beta-catenin, Wnt and Akt serve to foster neuronal and vascular survival and block the induction of programmed cell death. Novel to Akt is its capacity to protect cells from phagocytosis through the direct modulation of membrane PS exposure. Intimately linked to the activation of Wnt signaling and Akt is the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential and the regulation of Bcl-xL, mitochondrial energy metabolism, and cytochrome c release that can lead to specific cysteine protease activation.
journal_name
Histol Histopatholjournal_title
Histology and histopathologyauthors
Chong ZZ,Maiese Kdoi
10.14670/HH-19.495subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-04-01 00:00:00pages
495-504issue
2eissn
0213-3911issn
1699-5848journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Nitric oxide (NO) is a widely recognized mediator of physiological and pathophysiological signal transmission. Its generation through L-arginine metabolism is relevant in the mesangium of the kidney where NO is produced by constitutive and inducible NO-synthase isoenzymes. Signaling is achieved through target interact...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-15.1151
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) still remains a major drawback in the outcome following lung transplantation (LTx). New therapeutic strategies are warranted. Growth factors and their receptors like platelet-derived growth factor-receptor (PDGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor (VEGFR), may pl...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18-088
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is considered one of the key intracellular signaling proteins for development of neuropathy. We analyzed the expression of total CaMKII (tCaMKII) and its alpha, beta, gamma and delta isoforms in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in a rat model of Diabetes mellitus type I...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-29.10.649
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminium (Al) is a neurotoxic metal and Al exposure may be a factor in the aetiology of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The major pathohistological findings in the AD brain are the presence of neuritic plaques containing beta-amyloid (Abeta) which may interfere with neuronal commu...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-23.433
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The developing fetal brain is one of the most susceptible organs to irradiation insult. Prenatal irradiation-induced abnormalities in the cerebrum have been well examined in mouse fetuses. However, little information on abnormalities in the cerebellum caused by irradiation is available. Moreover, few reports have exam...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-23.953
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spectrins are members of the superfamily of F-actin cross linking proteins that are important as scaffolding proteins for protein sorting, cell adhesion, and migration. In addition, spectrins have been implicated in TGF-beta signaling. The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression and localization of beta...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-25.1497
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult stem cells (ASC)--able to self renew and to intervene in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of their original tissue--can express greater plasticity than traditionally attributed to them, adopting functional phenotypes and expression profiles of cells from other tissues. Therefore, they could be...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-21.995
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chorioamnionitis and preeclampsia account for the majority of preterm births worldwide. Thus far, adequate methods for early detection or prevention of these diseases are lacking. In preeclampsia, accelerated villous maturation is believed to compensate placental insufficiency. However, little is known about the effec...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18-205
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study explores the possibility of a regulatory role for cytokine IL-10 in platelet aggregation as an active vascular repair mechanism. Endothelial cells from human umbilical cord vein were cultured in the presence of different IL-10 concentrations (0-100 ng/ml). Platelet-rich plasma was then added to these cultur...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18.695
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Classically activated macrophages (M1)" and "alternatively activated macrophages (M2)", which appear in injured tissues, control either inflammation or remodeling. The mechanism remains unclear. To clarify the M1-/M2-macrophage polarization in acute liver injury, M1- and M2-related factors were analysed in F344 rats ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-29.10.497
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular matrix of meningiomas was studied by light and electron microscopy with the aid of immunohistochemical techniques. Special attention was paid to the distribution of type I, III, IV, V collagens and laminin with a comparison between meningothelial and fibroblastic types. Connective tissue fibers and basem...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains is linked to an increased risk of inflammation and gastric cancer. To investigate the effects of H. pylori on biological characteristics of gastric epithelial cells SGC-7901, derived from human adenocarcinoma, morphological appearances of both the pathogen and the...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-27.1079
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The techniques for light and electron microscopic radioautography developed in our laboratory are described. The outlines of the applications to various tissues and organs are also briefly summarized. First, the techniques are explained in detail. These techniques can be divided into two categories, i.e., chemical fix...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 (TGR5) is a receptor for bile acids and its expression has been described in a variety of tissues and species. Characterization of TGR5 distribution and function has been investigated in drug discovery for the treatment of metabolic diseases in humans. Because dogs are one of the species us...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18-025
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian and seasonal variations were observed in the karyometric index of pinealocytes in the cortical and medullary regions of the distal pineal body. The study involved 70 Wistar rats over a 24-hour interval (0:6, 10:00, 14:00, 18:00, 22:00, 02:00, 06:00 h) during two natural photoluminous periods, i.e. late summe...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A quantitative study regarding the age-related changes occurring in the somatic organelles of the neocerebellar Purkinje cell is carried out, using female rats aged 2 to 24 months. Standard manual morphometric techniques are used to calculate the following parameters: somatic volume, volumetric fractions and absolute ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared characteristic lesions occurring in chickens and domestic ducks naturally infected with H5N1 HPAI virus in April and May 2008. Infected chickens generally exhibited pale-green, watery diarrhoea, depression, neurological signs and cyanosis of wattles and combs, and infected ducks generally exhibited neurolo...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-26.167
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The repair of articular cartilage defects is increasingly moving into the focus of experimental and clinical investigations. Histological analysis is the gold standard for a valid and objective evaluation of cartilaginous repair tissue and predominantly relies on the use of established scoring systems. In the past thr...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-11-620
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel family of evolutionally conserved neuronal guidance cues, including ligands (i.e., Slit, netrin, epherin, and semaphorin) and their corresponding receptors (i.e., Robo, DCC/Unc5, Eph and plexin/ neuropilin), has been identified to play a crucial role in axon pathfinding and branching as well as neuronal cell m...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-25.1181
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differentiating nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) from usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is important for the determination of both treatment and prognosis. Using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), we examined 8 UIPs, 8 NSIPs, and 30 normal lung tissues. Comparisons with co...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-29.377
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The S100 gene family, which is composed of at least 24 members carrying the Ca2+ binding EF-hand motif, has been implicated in both intracellular and extracellular functions, including enzyme activities, immune responses, cytoskeleton dynamics, Ca2+ homeostasis, cell growth and cell differentiation. Altered S100 prote...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-22.1025
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pineal organs of 14-week-old domestic geese were investigated with light and electron microscopy. The pineals consisted of a wide distal part and a narrow middle-proximal one. The glands were attached to the intercommissural region via the choroid plexus. The pineal parenchyma was formed by round or elongated foll...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-21.1075
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Synaptotagmin 7 (SYT7) is a component of the synaptotagmin family, which is essential in many physiological and pathological processes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of SYT7 in osteosarcoma. METHODS:We defined the expression levels of SYT7 in osteosarcoma tissues and para-sarcoma tissues b...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-18-174
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A current concern about the biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) is increasing with the wide spread use of X-band microwaves (MW, 8-10 GHz range). Gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) field flat transmission lines are currently being used for experimental exposure of biological samples to high fre...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-26.1187
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHPs) are the most common polypoid lesion of the stomach, and their malignant potential has been demonstrated. In the present study, we evaluated the mucin phenotypes of GHPs and investigated the relationships among mucin phenotypes and clinical-pathological factors, proliferative acti...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-29.343
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::STAT and SMAD often exert opposite biological effects on diverse cellular functions. Recent studies have shown that STAT can interface with SMAD at molecular level and that some novel molecules, such as SOCS (also called CIS) and APRO6 (also called TOB), modulate this signaling. A cofactor p300/CBP might act as a brid...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.14670/HH-17.887
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies with scanning electron microscopy in the normal human sulcular epithelium are scarce, and no precise information exists about cell surface patterns along the epithelium, the frequencies of these patterns, or possible regional differences within the mouth. In five periodontal biopsy specimens each from the ante...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using histopathological analysis of semi-thin sections stained with toluidine blue, we observed profound pathological changes in the islets of Langerhans of hamsters infected with the scrapie agent (strain 139H). These included cytoplasmic vesicles, nuclear swelling, and vacuolization in the islet cells. Two types of ...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melanocytes characterized by their tyrosinase activity, melanosomes and dendrites locate in the basal layer of epidermis and hair bulb in the skin of mice. Melanocytes differentiate from undifferentiated melanoblasts derived from embryonic neural crest. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone plays an important role in the reg...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of the mu-opioid receptor and the type of glycosylation in the third extra-cellular loop of this receptor was investigated in the isthmus of mare oviduct during oestrus by means of immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry combined with enzymatic (N-glycosidase F and O-glycosidase) and chemical (beta-elimin...
journal_title:Histology and histopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.14670/HH-23.555
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00