Avoiding the fraud and abuse pitfalls.

abstract：:The development of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging techniques provides the physician with a non-invasive means of obtaining anatomic, physiologic and biochemical information about neuro-ophthalmic disorders. The authors summarize the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and present a case report illustr...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Carr WA,Baumann RJ,Baker RS

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the time of the American Revolution, understanding of diseases of the eye was rudimentary, treatment of ocular problems was largely ineffective, and American physicians were highly dependent on their European colleagues for training and development. Knowledge of optics, light and color was somewhat more advanced. T...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Kronfeld PC,Albert DM,O'Connell M

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally accepted that postoperatively radiographic examinations be limited to the area of pathology. The patient presented here complained of visual difficulties two years after transphenoidal removal of a pituitary prolactinoma. His endocrinologist ordered what he believed to be the appropriate computed tomog...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Mindel JS,Fetell MR

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 32-year-old woman experienced dizziness and headache for 5 months. She also complained of painless, progressive bilateral visual loss for several weeks. Before developing the initial symptoms, she had an uncomplicated pregnancy except for dizziness and systemic hypotension during the first term. Fundus examination d...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Subirà O,Muñoz S,Sánchez JJ,Puyalto P,Lee AG

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With improving surgical technique and equipment, the acceptable age for placing an intraocular lens in infants and children is becoming younger. The tools for predicting intraocular lens power have not necessarily kept up, as current theoretical and regression intraocular lens power prediction formulas are largely bas...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Eibschitz-Tsimhoni M,Archer SM,Del Monte MA

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The court decisions included in this article reflect judicial attitudes towards medicolegal cases in most states. The courts have defined and amplified issues of informed consent, the physician's duty to warn patients and protect third parties, the limitations of the "Good Samaritan" statute, the responsibility of the...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Bettman JW,Tennenhouse DJ

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 74-year-old woman experienced chronic painless progressive binocular horizontal diplopia for 2 years. Initial examination showed a visual acuity of 20/20 OU. External and slit lamp examination was unremarkable. Orthoptic evaluation showed an incomitant esotropia, a small vertical strabismus, and a large degree of ex...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Gross AW,Vickers A,Lee AG,Chen JJ,Bhatti MT

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic macular lesions frequently contribute to impaired visual acuity in hereditary retinal dystrophies. Their pathogenesis varies and is not entirely understood. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have proven to be potentially efficacious, although not in all cases. We discuss the various factors and mechanisms implicate...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Salvatore S,Fishman GA,Genead MA

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in topographic analysis have provided powerful tools for detecting subtle, but clinically significant, alterations of corneal contour. This article compares keratometry, keratoscopy, and computer-assisted topographic analysis and provides specific examples of the sensitivity of computer-assisted system...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Wilson SE,Klyce SD

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms of lens opacification, and certain nutritional antioxidants are suspected to have a protective effect. To examine the role of these nutritional antioxidants on cataract prevention, we searched major databases and reviewed current evidence regarding the protective effect o...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Sideri O,Tsaousis KT,Li HJ,Viskadouraki M,Tsinopoulos IT

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (ICSC) is a localized detachment of the sensory retina in the macula which is commonly seen by the general ophthalmologist. However, ICSC with bullous retinal detachment is a rare disease characterized by extensive sensory retinal detachment of the posterior pole and elsewhe...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Mazzuca DE,Benson WE

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in our understanding of the anatomy and physiology of accommodation have contributed to current concepts of the possible constituent factors in presbyopia, largely supplanting the long-held belief that presbyopia is due to sclerosis of the crystalline lens. In this review, the author examines epidemiol...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Weale R

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 71-year-old woman with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with unilateral optic disc edema. Laboratory evaluations for infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic etiologies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits with and without contrast demonstrated enhancement and thickening of the ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Birnbaum FA,Meekins LC,Srinivasan A,Murchison AP

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamatergic excitotoxicity has been implicated as a mechanism for injury in a variety of central nervous system pathologies, including glaucoma. Memantine, an NMDA-type glutamatergic open-channel blocker, has pharmacologic properties that make its efficacy greater under excitotoxic conditions, but lesser under norma...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Hare W,WoldeMussie E,Lai R,Ton H,Ruiz G,Feldmann B,Wijono M,Chun T,Wheeler L

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The angiostatic cortisene anecortave acetate was evaluated in three safety and efficacy studies of patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration. METHODS:The Anecortave Acetate Monotherapy Trial enrolled 128 patients randomized to anecortave acetat...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Russell SR,Hudson HL,Jerdan JA,Anecortave Acetate Clinical Study Group.

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The need of blood flow to different organs varies rapidly over time which is why there is sophisticated local regulation of blood flow. The term dysregulation simply means that blood flow is not properly adapted to this need. Dysregulative mechanisms can lead to an over- or underperfusion. A steady overperfusion may b...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Grieshaber MC,Mozaffarieh M,Flammer J

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endophthalmitis is a serious complication of cataract surgery that occurs in thousands of patients each year. To decrease the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis, many surgeons inject intracameral antibiotics (cefuroxime, moxifloxacin, and vancomycin) routinely at the end of surgery. A large number of recently ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Grzybowski A,Brona P,Zeman L,Stewart MW

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular surface squamous neoplasia presents as a spectrum from simple dysplasia to carcinoma in situ to invasive squamous cell carcinoma involving the conjunctiva as well as the cornea. It is a distinct clinical entity, although it has been known by a variety of different names throughout the literature. Most commonly ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Lee GA,Hirst LW

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The optical considerations of intraocular lenses can be understood, using only the formulae and principles taught in a typical basic science course in ophthalmology. Some of the more common optical problems associated with intraocular lenses are presented and the methods for their solutions are illustrated and explain...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Miller D

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical and histopathologic features of Axenfeld's anomaly and Rieger's anomaly and syndrome are reviewed, and recent findings regarding the pathogenesis of this spectrum of developmental disorders are discussed. Based on these observations, it has been suggested that a developmental arrest, in the third trimeste...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Shields MB,Buckley E,Klintworth GK,Thresher R

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the use of special immune and enzymatic histochemical techniques, ocular pathologists are able to detect and localize certain cytoplasmic antigens and proteins in tissue section. An immunoperoxidase stain and special enzyme histochemical technique were used to confirm leukemic ocular involvement in a patient who ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Margo CE

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinitis pigmentosa is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders in which there is progressive loss of photoreceptor and pigment epithelial function. The prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa is between 1/3000 and 1/5000 making it one of the most common causes of visual impairment in all a...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Pagon RA

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sports-related eye injuries pose a substantial and preventable problem. Ophthalmologists, by educating their patients regarding the risks of eye injuries in various sports and the benefits availability of protective equipment, have the potential to prevent injury to well over 100,000 eyes each year. General guidelines...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Vinger PF

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conjunctivochalasis, defined as a redundant conjunctiva typically located between the globe and the lower eyelid, is not uncommon. However, it is often overlooked, as it may be considered a normal senile change. Conjunctivochalasis can cause a spectrum of symptoms, ranging from aggravation of a dry eye at the mild sta...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Meller D,Tseng SC

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Posterior scleritis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of many ocular conditions, including angle closure glaucoma, choroidal folds, optic disk edema, circumscribed fundus mass, choroidal detachment, and exudative retinal detachment. Because it is rare, a high index of suspicion is necessary. Anterior sc...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Benson WE

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The practical value of any therapy depends upon a combination of effectiveness of the agent (or procedure) and the extent to which the patient complies in its proper administration. Thus, it might be said that the multiple of effectiveness times compliance equals the "usefulness product." Among the various glaucoma th...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Worthen DM

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of this review is to present the current knowledge on specific growth factor involvement in posterior segment eye disease. Growth factors can be defined as multifunctional signals which modify cell growth or proliferation, alone or in concert, by binding to specific cell surface receptors. Their biological ef...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Wiedemann P

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article describes the history and substance of New York State's proposal for a mandatory recredentialing program for physicians, its implications for the medical profession, and the pros and cons of instituting a recertification policy for ophthalmology. ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Grenell B,Studin I

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 55-year-old woman presented with an eight-year history of progressive gait dysfunction and a 2-3 week history of horizontal diplopia. Examination of the patient revealed acute papilledema, intermittent esotropia, and upper and lower motor neuron findings in her lower extremities. CT scan of the head showed communica...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Breen LA

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Jules Gonin's former student presents a personal and historical biography of the Swiss ophthalmologist, who, between 1902 and 1921, explored and illustrated the many unknown aspects of retinal detachment, defined its pathogenesis, and developed the method of reattachment by ignipuncture and thermocautery. ...

journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology

authors： Rumpf J

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00