Abstract:
:Recent investigations have delineated the renal microvascular responsiveness to pressure, by using isolated afferent arterioles, juxtamedullary nephrons, and isolated perfused hydronephrotic kidneys. Both afferent arterioles and interlobular arteries (ILA) manifest pressure-dependent vasoconstrictor responses to elevated renal arterial pressure. Several recent studies have indicated that the afferent arteriole adjacent to the glomerulus constricts primarily in response to tubuloglomerular feedback signals, whereas the afferent arteriole near the ILA is under the dominant influence of myogenic tone. Furthermore, the responsiveness of the ILA to pressure is dependent on the basal diameter, with the smaller diameter (distal) segments demonstrating more marked responses than do the larger (proximal) segments. The myogenic afferent arteriolar response is shifted to higher perfusion pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) kidneys, and blunted both in Dahl salt-sensitive rats and in Goldblatt renal hypertensive rats. This altered responsiveness of the afferent arteriole may account for the alterations in renal blood flow autoregulation, namely, resetting toward higher pressures in SHR, and impairment in Dahl salt-sensitive rats and Goldblatt hypertensive rats Distal ILA segments vasoconstricted similarly in response to pressure both in SHR and in Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), whereas proximal ILA segments did not exhibit vasoconstriction in either strain. The intermediate ILA segment from SHR kidneys manifests more prominent myogenic vasoconstriction than does that from WKY rat kidneys. The enhanced myogenic responsiveness of the intermediate ILA segment may act in concert with afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction to prevent glomerular hypertension in superficial nephrons. Finally, the myogenic vasoconstriction of renal microvessels is mediated in part by voltage-dependent calcium channels, and the altered myogenic response may be associated with modified activity of voltage-dependent calcium channels. Thus, the myogenic preglomerular tone constitutes a pivotal determinant of renal autoregulation, and teleologically may also play an important role in protecting glomeruli from barotrauma in hypertension, whereas the functional myogenic element is soon reinforced by an element of "structural autoregulation' of preglomerular resistance vessels.
journal_name
J Hypertensjournal_title
Journal of hypertensionauthors
Hayashi K,Epstein M,Saruta Tdoi
10.1097/00004872-199612000-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
1387-401issue
12eissn
0263-6352issn
1473-5598journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cardiac hypertrophy arises as an adaptive response to increased afterload. Studies in knockout mice have shown that catecholamines, but not alpha1-adrenergic receptors, are necessary for such an adaptation to occur. However, whether beta-adrenergic receptors are critical for the development of cardiac hypertr...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000203843.41937.2a
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Cicletanine (CIC), an anti-hypertensive compound with direct vascular and natriuretic actions, is especially effective in salt-sensitive hypertension, in which dysregulation of the sodium pump plays an important pathogenic role, and digitalis-like cardiotonic steroids contribute to increased vascular tone. Th...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-200018020-00012
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The upward trends in the prevalence and control of hypertension in Chinese adults have been described, but recent trends based on the most recent guidelines are unavailable. We examined recent trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among Chinese adults from 1991 to 2015 bas...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002698
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the clinic and ambulatory blood pressure (BP)-lowering efficacy and safety of an aliskiren/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) triple combination compared with the component dual combinations, in patients with moderate-to-severe hypertension. METHODS:This 8-week, double-blind, randomized, activ...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e328356b8ea
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of age on the circadian blood pressure rhythm of patients with untreated essential hypertension (n = 133, World Health Organization stage I or II) were compared with those of normotensive subjects (n = 91). Subjects were classified into three groups by age: young (less than 40 years old), adult (40-59 year...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-199105000-00004
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We have previously reported that hearts from N-[omega]-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats exhibited an enhanced expression of Gi proteins. Since, losartan, an AT1 receptor antagonist, has been shown to attenuate the L-NAME-induced increase in blood pressure, we undertook the pres...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-200401000-00028
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is multifactorial, and the presence of insulin resistance is recognized as the pathophysiological hallmark of this condition. Arterial hypertension is referred as an insulin-resistant state, and insulin resistance may substantially contribute to the...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32830dfe4b
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using antibodies raised against angiotensin I and II, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of plasma extracts, we have quantified six angiotensin peptides in venous (cubital vein) and arterial (brachial) plasma of normal male subjects. The concentrations of venous plasma (fmol/ml, mean +/- s.d., n = 29) f...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-199002000-00011
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We aimed to investigate whether blood pressure (BP) in the subacute stage of ischemic stroke affects subsequent vascular events after acute ischemic stroke. METHODS:From a prospective stroke registry database, consecutive ischemic stroke patients arriving within 48 h of onset were identified. The mean and S...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002126
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the contribution of the sympathetic nervous system to the hypertension in patients with longstanding essential hypertension. DESIGN:Overall sympathetic function, presynaptic adrenoceptors and neuronal re-uptake were examined after withdrawal of medication for at least 3 weeks in eight patients with...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Recent studies in homogenized hearts suggest that chymase rather than angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for cardiac angiotensin I to angiotensin II conversion. We investigated in intact rat hearts whether (i) enzymes other than ACE contribute to angiotensin I to angiotensin II conversion and...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-200105000-00017
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a need for an easily accessible biomarker of sympathetic nervous activation in essential hypertension, but none exists. Heart rate (HR) has been suggested, but requires validation, now doubly important as an elevated HR in hypertension has emerged as an independent cardiovascular risk factor. METHO...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002407
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is the most prevalent chronic medical condition and a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the majority of hypertensive cases, the underlying cause of hypertension cannot be easily identified because of the heterogeneous, polygenic and multi-factorial nature of hypertension. Me...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000000168
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that apelin protects against angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiovascular fibrosis and vascular remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS:Wild-type mice administered apelin or apelin along with Ang II exhibited less cardiovascular fibrosis and decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32834347de
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Gap junctions, formed by connexins (Cx), are important in the regulation of vascular tone. Previously, we reported two closely linked polymorphisms (-44G --> A and +71A --> G) within regulatory regions of the gene for Cx40, a major connexin in the vascular wall and the kidney. In the present study, we examine...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000200512.40818.47
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The postulated antihypertensive effect of dietary fish oil and the influence of dietary sodium on this effect were evaluated in young stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) by direct intra-arterial measurement of blood pressure. Weaning rats were fed synthetic diets containing olive oil or eicosapentaeno...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-199107000-00009
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:High blood pressure is common in acute stroke and is associated independently with poor outcome. Lowering blood pressure might improve outcome, provided it does not reduce cerebral blood flow in the presence of dysfunctional cerebral autoregulation. METHODS:We performed a systematic review of clinical contro...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282fbd240
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the blood vessels are exposed to high pressures in hypertension, the main complications of hypertension (stroke and myocardial infarction) are paradoxically thrombotic rather than haemorrhagic. In keeping with Virchow's triad, patients with hypertension do demonstrate abnormalities of vessel wall (endothelial...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 评论,社论,评审
doi:10.1097/00004872-199816070-00003
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and a history of cardiovascular disease are the most important factors related to the presence of cerebral white matter lesions (WML), which are a common finding in elderly people. This study investigates which factors related to hypertension per se are associated with the...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-200203000-00028
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide formed by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the brain, autonomic inhibitory (nitrergic) nerves, and heart plays important roles in the control of blood pressure. Activation of nitrergic nerves innervating the systemic vasculature elicits vasodilatation, decreases peripheral resistance, and lowers b...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32832e8ddf
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The role of circadian rhythm of energy and macronutrient intake in influencing cardiometabolic risk factors is increasingly recognized. However, little is known of the association between time of energy intake and blood pressure. We examined the association between time-of-day of energy intake and subsequent...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835ecc06
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring (ABPM) detects subjects with normal clinic but high ambulatory 24-h BP, that is, masked hypertension. METHODS:One hundred and thirty newly diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients, free of recognized cardiovascular disease were included (111 men, a...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f55049
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of angiotensins acting at the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) on the cardiovascular adjustments following haemorrhage. DESIGN:Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) produced by micro-injections of angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) and differ...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-199917080-00014
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Across ethnicities, offspring of hypertensive parents (OH) have higher risk of hypertension than offspring of normotensive parents (ON). Sympathetic hyperactivity and reduced nitric oxide availability have been reported in normotensive OH; but the role of vasodilator cyclooxygenase (COX) products is unclear....
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001794
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate methods to diagnose renal artery stenosis (RAS) among the general hypertensive population. METHODS:We studied the value of clinical and biochemical characteristics at the outpatient clinic to identify subjects with a renal artery narrowing of more than 50% of the luminal surface among 1047 hyp...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Recently, the nanomechanical properties (i.e. stiffness) of endothelial cells have been identified as crucial for appropriate endothelial function. One major determinant of endothelial stiffness is the endothelial sodium channel (EnNaC). EnNaC-dependent stiffening leads to reduced nitric oxide release, which...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000000736
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A reduced cardiac output in chronic heart failure (CHF) evokes renal NaCl and water retention, and, therefore, activates mechanisms promoting natriuresis. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is one such factor. We hypothesized that another NaCl sensitive endogenous natriuretic factor, i.e., marinobufagenin (MBG...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-200206000-00032
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Smoking is a risk factor for increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). The apolipoprotein E (apoE) 4 allele has been associated with cardiovascular diseases, but the role of apoE in regard to intima-media thickness (IMT) has remained controversial. The objective was to investigate whether there i...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-200212000-00015
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The existence and localization of renin in situ was examined in human arteries under non-pathological conditions. DESIGN:Biochemical and immunohistochemical procedures were adopted to examine the existence of renin in human gastroepiploic arteries using an antibody raised against human recombinant renin or a...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-199201000-00008
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to compare the effects of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition on calculated preglomerular and postglomerular resistance in hypertensive patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis (RAS) and in patients with essential hypertension. DESIGN AND METHODS:Sixteen patients with suspected r...
journal_title:Journal of hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004872-199606000-00013
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00