Abstract:
:Acute bacterial endocarditis (ABE) is clinically distinct from subacute bacterial endocarditis in terms of pathologic virulence, acuteness and severity of illness, complications, and prognosis. The term infectious endocarditis may be useful as a general term but conveys no meaningful clinical information. ABE presents as an acute, fulminant intracardiac infection with fevers (temperature > 102 degrees F) that are caused by highly virulent known pathogens. Septic embolic phenomena, valve dysfunction, and congestive heart failure are characteristic. Parenteral and oral antibiotic treatment regimens are discussed.
journal_name
Infect Dis Clin North Amjournal_title
Infectious disease clinics of North Americaauthors
Cunha BA,Gill MV,Lazar JMdoi
10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70328-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
811-34issue
4eissn
0891-5520issn
1557-9824pii
S0891-5520(05)70328-7journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Fulminant meningitis requires aggressive management in an intensive care unit setting. The pathophysiology of the various factors that damage the central nervous system in this disease have been reviewed, as well as the management of the many complications of this serious, often devastating, infection. The etiologic a...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improvements in donor selection, testing of donors for markers of infection, and viral inactivation of plasma-derived products have helped reduce the risk of transfusion-associated infections, including hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). The potential for transmission of em...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70419-0
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global eradication of smallpox, elimination of poliomyelitis in the Western Hemisphere, and a 90% decrease in Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in the Western Hemisphere mark some of the achievements of immunization programs around the world. Yet many serious problems continue to exist, particularly in the developing ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among several common bacterial pathogens requires that clinical microbiology laboratories have the ability to promptly and accurately recognize resistance in patients' isolates. Laboratories have several options for performing routine susceptibility testing, including the brot...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70390-1
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis occurs in 5 to 35 per cent of AIDS patients, frequently precedes the diagnosis of AIDS, and is increasing in incidence. Clinically, AIDS-associated tuberculosis is similar in presentation to progressive, primary tuberculosis and can be treated effectively with standard antitube...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article addresses current issues regarding serologic testing for selected STDs, particularly those for which serologic testing has been useful for diagnosis, monitoring therapy, or seroepidemiology. For each selected pathogen, the authors discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the serologic tests as diagnostic a...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When properly used, disinfection and sterilization can ensure the safe use of invasive and noninvasive medical devices. The method of disinfection and sterilization depends on the intended use of the medical device: critical items (contact sterile tissue) must be sterilized before use; semicritical items (contact muco...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.04.002
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An overview of the mechanism of action, dosing, clinical indications, and toxicities of the glycopeptide vancomycin is provided. Emerging gram-positive bacterial resistance to antimicrobials and its mechanisms are reviewed. Strategies to control emergence of resistance are proposed. Newer antimicrobial agents with act...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2004.04.014
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-positive patients are now undergoing solid organ transplantation at increasing rates, with successful outcomes. Transplantation in this unique patient population presents new challenges in the postoperative management of both antiretroviral regimens and immunosuppressive regimens. This review highlights the drug-d...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2013.02.011
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza is a zoonotic respiratory virus that affects birds, mammals, and humans. Influenza viruses are unique in their genetic instability, which frequently results in antigenic drift or shift. Antigenic shifts are responsible for influenza epidemics. Influenza A pandemics have been responsible for millions of death...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00095-3
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are DNA viruses and are members of the Herpesviridae family. Morphologically, CMV resembles other herpes viruses, particularly herpes simplex viruses, with important cytopathic differences. CMVs are recognized pathogens that cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in compromised hosts, such a...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2009.10.008
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial resistance is a common iatrogenic complication of both modern life and medical care. Certain multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant Gram-negative organisms pose the biggest challenges to health care today, predominantly owing to a lack of therapeutic options. Containing the spread of these or...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.08.001
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inoculation of Treponema pallidum during intimate physical contact is followed by development of a papule that rapidly erodes, yielding the syphilitic chancre. Hematogenous dissemination results in secondary syphilis, a multisystem disease characterized by skin rash, lymph node enlargement, hepatitis, arthritis, and c...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the introduction of the floroquinolones for clinical use in the late 1980s, they have been used successfully for a large number of clinical situations. As experience accumulates, the indications and optimal use of these agents gradually become more clear. Unfortunately, two of the pathogens for which these agent...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of infections after solid-organ transplantation has changed with increasingly potent immunosuppressive regimens, routine use of antimicrobial prophylaxis, and improved microbiologic diagnostic tools. New pathogens have been identified in this population including many with significant antimicrobial resistan...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2010.01.005
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock remains a challenge as we approach the next millennium. Although more attention is being given to guidelines and care pathways for sepsis, these are unfortunately based primarily on consensus opinion. Additional research into supportive interventions in this potentially ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70088-x
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the ICU, fever can be expected to accompany an extensive number of conditions of both infectious and noninfectious etiologies. It is crucial to identify the precise cause of fever, because certain conditions in either category may be life-threatening, whereas others require no treatment at all. It is important to r...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70294-4
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results in progressive loss of immune function marked by depletion of the CD4+ T-lymphocytes, leading to opportunistic infections and malignancies characteristic of AIDS. Although both host and viral determinants influence the rate of disease progression, ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70135-5
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Latin America, acute gastroenteritis remains to be an important cause of morbidity in adults and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. A child under 5 years of age belonging to a low income segment of the Latin American population will develop 5 to 10 bouts of diarrhea every year. The bacterial and ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasound for diagnosis and staging of schistosomiasis and echinococcosis have paved the way over the past several decades for the application of ultrasound in tropical diseases. Until recently, the size and cost of ultrasound systems limited the application in low-resource settings. The increase in portable ultrasou...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2018.10.008
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although infective endocarditis is certainly not the most common infection seen in injecting drug users, it is the infection that clinicians most commonly think of when they consider infectious complications of injected drug use. The microbiology of infective endocarditis in injection drug users has remained relativel...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(02)00019-3
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral hepatitis is a major global public health problem affecting hundreds of millions of people and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Five major biologically unrelated hepatotropic viruses cause most of the global burden of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are associated with a signi...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2019.08.004
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, and HIV has been documented. The risk for occupationally transmitted infection varies for these three viruses. Despite effective pre- and postexposure prophylaxis for HBV and recent recommendations for postexposure chemoprophylaxis after an HIV e...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70359-7
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent decades have witnessed the emergence and spread of parasites resistant to standard drug therapies, particularly malaria. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum has now spread to most malarial areas, and resistance to other antimalarial drugs, including mefloquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, have become ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70400-1
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid rate of increase in reported cases of Lyme disease exceeds that of any zoonotic disease, and the annual occurrence of cases is greater than the sum of all other tick-borne illnesses in the United States. This, in addition to the geographic spread of cases to most of the United States, has greatly heightened ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Campylobacter is now known to be a major cause of gastrointestinal illness throughout the world. There are seven species known to be associated with enteritis, and it is likely that more will be described. Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for more than 95 per cent of the cases of diarrhea due to Campylobacter. Cont...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigens located in the midgut of the tick are hidden from the host's immune system. Egg production of ticks can be reduced when ticks are fed on animals vaccinated with midgut antigens of the tick, and a subunit vaccine formulated with the recombinant antigen Bm86 is now available that can reduce the number of ticks ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70051-9
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although a small number of infections in total joint replacements are blood borne from distant sources, most infections appear to have been derived at operation. Strenuous attempts to reduce this risk by cleaning the air in the wound environment, coupled with prophylactic antibiotics, have reduced infection rates by a...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are responsible for significant morbidity, mortality, and excess health care costs. It is increasingly evident that many CRBSI can be prevented with current knowledge and techniques. Preventive measures can be broadly grouped into clinical practice-based interventions an...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.07.001
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lyme disease affects the nervous system in about 10% to 15% of infected individuals, most commonly causing lymphocytic meningitis. Cranial neuropathies, particularly facial nerve palsy, also occur frequently. Figuring prominently in the European literature, but less emphasized in the United States, is painful radiculi...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2007.12.009
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00