Abstract:
:Better understanding of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and the natural history and immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B, together with the introduction of effective agents with different mechanisms of action, is the basis for better therapeutic strategies against chronic hepatitis B. Substantial experience has now been accumulated in the use of some of these drugs, and an Asia-Pacific Consensus has been reached on indications for their use. The goals of therapy and aspects of general management will be reviewed here. Among currently available drugs, alpha-interferon therapy gives a response rate (hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion) of 30-40% compared with 10-20% in matched controls, but patients with lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT), higher HBV-DNA, and immunosuppressed patients have a poorer response, and alpha-interferon can be dangerous in cirrhosis. Meta-analysis of four controlled trials also suggests that thymosin-alpha1 is effective, but more studies are needed. Lamivudine has been most extensively studied. It is effective in terms of HBV-DNA loss, ALT normalization, HBeAg seroconversion, and improvement in histology, as well as being well tolerated. After 1 year of treatment, HBeAg seroconversion rate increased with higher pretherapy ALT levels, suggesting that patients with stronger endogenous antiviral defenses to kill hepatocytes harboring covalently closed circular DNA have a better response to direct antiviral effects. Lamivudine is also beneficial in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B, and patients with decompensated cirrhosis and HBV replication. However, genotypic-resistant tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) mutations start to emerge after 9-10 months of lamivudine therapy, and their incidence increases more quickly than the HBeAg seroconversion rate durating prolonged therapy. Thus the benefits of long-term lamivudine must be balanced against concern about YMDD mutations, and the durability of treatment response. There are encouraging preliminary results for adefovir dipivoxil, entecavir, emtricitabine, clevudine and other nucleoside/nucleotide analogs in the early stages of appraisal; entecavir and adefovir dipivoxil appear effective in patients with YMDD mutants. Further development of new drugs and new strategies, such as combination or sequential therapy, may help to better achieve the goals of treatment for chronic hepatitis B in the new century.
journal_name
J Gastroenterol Hepatoljournal_title
Journal of gastroenterology and hepatologyauthors
Liaw YFdoi
10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02736.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-04-01 00:00:00pages
406-8issue
4eissn
0815-9319issn
1440-1746pii
2736journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the result of an imbalance in hepatic lipid partitioning that favors fatty acid synthesis and storage over fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride secretion. The progressive, inflammatory disorder of steatohepatitis can be prevented or reversed by correcting this li...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05157.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and azathioprine (AZA) are widely used as maintenance therapy in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, proper 6-thioguanine nucleotide (6-TGN) concentrations in Japanese children with IBD have not been reported. METHODS:This retrospective review examines 32...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06364.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Data about the efficacy of de novo combination therapies, or optimization strategy by adding the other drug based on the virological response at week 24 of low genetic barrier antiviral agents is still limited. This study aimed to compare the efficacy at week 104 of lamivudine monotherapy (MONO), lam...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/jgh.12835
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occurring within 100 days post-transplant is one of critical factors influencing prognosis in transplant recipients. Among cases of GVHD of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, GVHD rarely affects the upper GI. In this study, we retrospectively examined the frequen...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.12651
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Currently, hepatitis B immunoglobulins (HBIg) and/or lamivudine have become the main options for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. AIM:To assess the benefits of HBIg and/or lamivudine for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation. METHODS:We conducted ...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.06151.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Hepatic steatosis is a histological characteristic in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C, and to look for possible correlation with various histopathological c...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02407.x
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Accumulation of endogenous opioids and overproduction of nitric oxide has been reported in cholestatic mice. It is well known that endogenous opioids and nitric oxide alter the susceptibility of experimental animals to different models of seizure. METHODS:The alterations in clonic seizure thresholds, induce...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02658.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Saccharomyces cerevisiae may contribute to the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease. We determined serum anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA) levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS AND RESULTS:Immunoglobulin G (IgG) ASCA was measured by using an ELISA in serum samples from 19 pat...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02357.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection has regional variation. Effect of eradication of H. pylori on symptoms of functional dyspepsia is uncertain, and the data in Asian scenario are scanty. The study aimed to see H. pylori positivity rate in patients of functional dyspepsia and the effect of ...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/jgh.12178
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ceftriaxone-associated sludge has been a fascinating story. The occurrence is novel and unique. It has produced a model of gall-bladder sludge in humans. This phenomenon has taught us a great deal about biliary lipid and organic anion excretion by the liver, and the physical chemistry of calcium and calcium sensitive ...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb01496.x
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data on anorectal physiology in patients with disordered thyroid metabolism are lacking. This prospective study was performed to evaluate anorectal physiology in patients with either hyperthyroidism and diarrhoea, or hypothyroidism and constipation in order to assess slow transit in hypothyroid patients. ME...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.1999.01865.x
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:It has been reported that immunological factors, such as the T-helper cell (Th)1/Th2 ratio, play a part in the mechanisms for the antihepatitis C virus (HCV) effect of the interferon (IFN) alpha-2b plus ribavirin combination therapy. By using flow cytometry, we examined this ratio during a 24-week co...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05320.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several etiologic factors including hepatitis viruses, alcohol and aflatoxin have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is, however, limited information from the Indian subcontinent. METHODS:Seventy-four consecutive cases of HCC were studied. A detailed history, tests ...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02476.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:A recent study in Indian subjects suggested common variants in apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) (T-455C at rs2854116 and C-482T at rs2854117) to contribute to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), plasma apoC3 and triglyceride concentrations. Our aim was to determine the contribution of genetic variati...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.07045.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::T regulatory cells (Tregs) play an important role in the regulation of autoimmunity, autoinflammation, allergic diseases, infection, and the tumor environment. Different subsets are characterized that use a number of regulatory mechanisms. Tregs can influence the progression of inflammatory bowel disease and the devel...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jgh.13342
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have an increased risk of atherosclerosis and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is associated with insulin resistance independently of metabolic factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether NAFLD patients with ALT elevation had ...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.05872.x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt (TIPS) technique consists of a transhepatic puncture of the portal vein and stenting of the parenchymal tract between the hepatic and portal veins. Complications of both puncture and stenting are observed in approximately 5% of procedures. Most of the complicatio...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1996.tb00079.x
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is used for the treatment of large colorectal superficial neoplasms. However, there have been no large studies on electrocoagulation syndrome developing after colorectal ESD. The aim of this study was to clarify the incidence and clinical risk factors...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.14302
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Ethnic differences in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are well-documented, but there has been no study on the prognosis of Japanese NASH patients with cirrhosis. Accordingly, we compared cirrhotic NASH with liver cirrhosis caused by chronic hepatitis C (LC-C) to clarify its clinical features and...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05640.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:This prospective pilot study investigated whether it is possible to predict the therapeutic response in both the early phase (1 week) and sustained phase (4 weeks) before starting proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy for functional dyspepsia (FD) or non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). METHODS:We admin...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.12744
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Estimates suggest that in Asia, more than 31 million individuals have hepatitis C virus infection. The present analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of elbasvir/grazoprevir in Asian participants enrolled in the elbasvir/grazoprevir phase 2/3 clinical trials. METHODS:This is an int...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.14636
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Real-world data on sofosbuvir/velpatasvir with and without ribavirin (SOF/VEL ± RBV), particularly among patients with genotype 3 (GT3) decompensated cirrhosis, prior treatment, coinfection, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are scarce. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of SOF/VEL ± RBV in...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.15324
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), via neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), modulates fibrogenesis in animal models. However, the role of ACh in human hepatic fibrogenesis is unclear. AIMS:We aimed to determine the fibrogenic responses of human hepatic stellate cells (hHSC) to ACh and the relevance ...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.13085
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a frequent adverse event (AE) that impairs patients' quality of life (QOL). Peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs) have been recognized as a treatment option for OIC, but the effect consistent across the studies has not been evaluated. METHOD...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/jgh.14586
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four types of materials, type I collagen coat (Coat), acid-soluble type I collagen gel (Hardgel), pepsin-treated acid-soluble type I collagen gel (Softgel), and an extract of extracellular matrix of the murine Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm sarcoma (Matrigel), were used as matrices to culture rat hepatic parenchymal cells, and...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.1998.13.s1.55
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is an important clinical problem complicating liver surgery and transplantation. The pathogenesis underlying reperfusion injury after warm ischemia is complex, encompassing a multitude of different cell types and signalling mechanisms innate and/or mobilized to the liver. Since...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06584.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify the preneoplastic lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma and the fine structure of preneoplastic hepatocytes, we studied proliferative conditions in cirrhosis of the liver. In all, 46 foci of cellular alteration (FCA), three regions of adenomatous hyperplasia (ADH), and 21 small hepatocellular carcinomas (sHC...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1993.tb01657.x
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Both clinical outcomes and factors predictive for poor response after an initial course of corticosteroids have not yet been well established in the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC). We therefore evaluated the short- and long-term effects of corticosteroids and prognostic fact...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06688.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:We assessed whether the two regimens of pegylated alpha-interferon-2b (PEG-IFN-alpha2b) plus ribavirin and pegylated alpha-interferon-2a (PEG-IFN-alpha2a) plus ribavirin showed differences in terms of sustained virological response, withdrawal due to side-effects and dose adjustment requirements in t...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05397.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a clinical entity where there is a potential for reversibility of hepatic dysfunction once the acute hepatic insult resolves. The portal and systemic hemodynamics in ACLF patients to study its relevance in determining the clinical outcomes was studied. METHO...
journal_title:Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jgh.12191
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00