Abstract:
:The centre médian-parafascicular (CM-Pf) complex is located at the posterior intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus and forms part of the nonspecific thalamocortical projection system and the internal circuit of the basal ganglia. However, the functional roles of this complex remain to be fully elucidated. Here we have examined whether the CM-Pf complex is involved in the process of covert attention. We trained two macaque monkeys to perform a task in which a visual target stimulus for button release appeared at either the same location as the preceding visual instruction cue (a "validly cued target") or a location on the opposite side (an "invalidly cued target"). Reaction times (RTs) to a validly cued target were significantly shorter than those to an invalidly cued target, leading to a "validity effect" of about 20 ms. We recorded the activity of 97 neurons in the CM-Pf while the monkeys performed the attention task with the hand that was contralateral to the neuronal recording. Seventy CM-Pf neurons showed task-related activity after the appearance of either the instruction cue or the target stimulus: 33 neurons responded with a prominent short-latency facilitation (SLF), whereas 37 responded with a short-latency suppression followed by a long-latency facilitation (LLF). Most of the SLF neurons responded preferentially to a cue appearing on the contralateral side (76%) and to an invalidly cued target appearing on the contralateral side (61%). In contrast, LLF neurons showed a short-latency suppression after the cue stimulus, regardless of whether the cue appeared on the contra- or ipsilateral side (84%). Inactivating the CM-Pf complex by local injection (1 microl) of the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol (1-5 microg/microl) resulted in a significant increase in the RT to a validly cued target presented on the contra- but not the ipsilateral side. In contrast, inactivating the CM-Pf complex did not affect RTs to invalidly cued targets on either the contra- or the ipsilateral side. Thus the validity effect was abolished only on the contralateral side. We conclude that the CM-Pf complex plays a specific and essential role in the process of attentional orienting to external events occurring on the contralateral side, probably through the projection of primary outputs to the striatum, which is involved in the action-selection mechanisms of the basal ganglia.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Minamimoto T,Kimura Mdoi
10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.3090subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-06-01 00:00:00pages
3090-101issue
6eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist may elicit a blink reflex [hand blink reflex (HBR)] mediated by a neural circuit at brain stem level. As, in a Sherringtonian sense, the blink reflex is a defensive response, in a series of experiments we tested, in healthy volunteers, whether and how the HBR is ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00731.2011
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the responses of neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) of cats to stimuli known to evoke the precedence effect (PE). This paper focuses on stimulus conditions that probe the neural mechanisms underlying the PE but that are not usually encountered in a natural situation. Experiments were conducted under bo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.3.1302
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under constant light-adapted conditions, vision seems to be rather linear. However, the processes underlying the synaptic transmission between cones and second-order neurons (bipolar cells and horizontal cells) are highly nonlinear. In this paper, the gain-characteristics of the transmission from cones to horizontal c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1256
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gain modulation is a ubiquitous phenomenon in cortical neurons, providing flexibility to operate under changing conditions. The prevailing view is that this modulation reflects a change in the relationship between mean input and output firing rate brought about by variation in neuronal membrane characteristics. An alt...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00542.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A consistent feature of animal locomotion is the capacity to maintain stable movements in changing environments. Here we describe long-term modification of the swing movement of the hind leg in cats in response to repeatedly impeding the movement of the leg. While studying phase transitions in the hind legs, we discov...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00921.2006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The whole cell patch-clamp technique in combination with the slice preparation was used to investigate the electrophysiological properties of pigeon semicircular canal sensory and supporting cells. These properties were also characterized in regenerating neuroepithelia of pigeons preinjected with streptomycin to kill ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.4.1913
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated spike-frequency adaptation of neurons sensitive to interaural phase disparities (IPDs) in the inferior colliculus (IC) of urethane-anesthetized guinea pigs using a stimulus paradigm designed to exclude the influence of adaptation below the level of binaural integration. The IPD-step stimulus consists o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00779.2003
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the oscillatory circuits known as central pattern generators (CPGs), most synaptic connections are inhibitory. We have assessed the effects of inhibitory synaptic input on the dynamic behavior of a component neuron of the pyloric CPG in the lobster stomatogastric ganglion. Experimental perturbations were applied to...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.1.115
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The onset of visual activity in the superficial layers of the cat superior colliculus begins abruptly at about 6 days postnatal (DPN), just before natural eye opening. Despite the presence of many inactive sites at this time, the systematic nature of the superior colliculus visuotopy is already evident. The number ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.266
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Wilson-Cowan population model of neural activity has greatly influenced our understanding of the mechanisms for the generation of brain rhythms and the emergence of structured brain activity. As well as the many insights that have been obtained from its mathematical analysis, it is now widely used in the computati...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00406.2019
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Electron microscope studies using ruthenium red, horseradish peroxidase, and colloidal lanthanum disclosed a feature characteristic of the snake spindle capsule: it consists of a single layer of flattened cells connected in series, each of which forms a cylinder enclosing the intrafusal fiber. 2. In intact spindles...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1982.47.5.810
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory inputs from muscle, cutaneous, and joint afferents project to the spinal cord, where they are able to affect ongoing locomotor activity. Activation of sensory input can initiate or prolong bouts of locomotor activity depending on the identity of the sensory afferent activated and the timing of the activation w...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00866.2014
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Many cells in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) of the monkey that represent the foveal region of the visual field discharge during pursuit eye movements. Damage to these areas produces a deficit in the maintenance of pursuit eye movements when the target towards the side of the brain with the lesion. In the prese...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.62.1.31
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During object manipulation, grip force is coordinated with load force, which is primarily determined by object kinematics. Proximal arm kinematics may affect grip force control, as proximal segment motion could affect control of distal hand muscles via biomechanical and/or neural pathways. The aim of this study was to...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00227.2015
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prominent arginine-vasopressin (AVP) binding and AVP V(1) type receptors are expressed early in the developing rat spinal cord. We sought to characterize their influence on neural excitability by using patch-clamp techniques to record AVP-induced responses from a population of motoneurons and interneurons in neonatal ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.3.1202
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fine flexible wire microelectrodes chronically implanted in the fifth lumbar ventral root (L5 VR) of 17 cats rendered stable records of the natural discharge patterns of 164 individual axons during locomotion on a treadmill. Fifty-one out of 164 axons were identified as motoneurons projecting to the anterior thigh mus...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.2.510
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beyond being essential for long-term motor-skill development, movement repetition has immediate benefits on performance, increasing speed and accuracy of a second execution. While repetition effects have been reported for single reaching movements, it has yet to be determined whether they also occur for movement seque...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00054.2020
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, the predictive capability of surface and untargeted intramuscular electromyography (EMG) was compared with respect to wrist-joint torque to quantify which type of measurement better represents joint torque during multiple degrees-of-freedom (DoF) movements for possible application in prosthetic control....
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00086.2013
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the rodent whisker system, a key model for neural processing and behavioral choices during active sensing, whisker motion is increasingly recognized as only part of a broader motor repertoire employed by rodents during active touch. In particular, recent studies suggest whisker and head motions are tightly coordina...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00465.2015
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocannabinoids released from the postsynaptic neuronal membrane can activate presynaptic CB1 receptors and inhibit neurotransmitter release. In hippocampal slices, depolarization of the CA1 pyramidal neurons elicits an endocannabinoid-mediated inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid release known as depolarization-ind...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90226.2008
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hilar mossy cells represent a unique population of local circuit neurons in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Here we use electrophysiological techniques in acute preparations of hippocampal slices to demonstrate that depolarization of a single hilar mossy cell can produce robust inhibition of local GABAergic afferen...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00310.2006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro whole cell patch-clamp recordings of stellate cells in layer II of medial entorhinal cortex show a subthreshold membrane potential resonance in response to a sinusoidal current injection of varying frequency. Physiological recordings from awake behaving animals show that neurons in layer II medial entorhinal ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00492.2009
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functional significance of vestibular information for the generation of gaze shifts is controversial and less well established than the vestibular contribution to gaze stability. In this study, we asked seven bilaterally avestibular patients to execute voluntary, whole body pivot turns to visual targets up to 180°...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00343.2019
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A voluntary contraction of muscles with one arm increases the excitability of corticospinal projections to the contralateral resting arm, a phenomenon known as crossed facilitation. Although many motor tasks engage simultaneous activation of the arm and trunk, interactions between corticospinal projections targeting t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00178.2018
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously reported that short-term (48-72 h) exposure to the GABA-modulatory steroid 3alpha-OH-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (3alpha,5alpha-THP) increases expression of the alpha4 subunit of the GABA(A) receptor (GABAR) in the hippocampus of adult rats. This change in subunit composition was accompanied by altered ph...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00780.2002
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable evidence suggests that brain stem pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPT) cholinergic cells are critically involved in the normal regulation of wakefulness and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. However, much of this evidence comes from indirect studies. Thus, although involvement of PPT cholinergic neurons has bee...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.6.2975
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is controversial whether simple-spike activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells during arm movements encodes movement kinematics like velocity or dynamics like muscle activities. To examine this issue, we trained monkeys to flex or extend the elbow by 45 degrees in 400 ms under resistive and assistive force fields but ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00206.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral and physiological characteristics of standing were studied in nontrained spinal cats and in spinal cats that received daily stand training of the hindlimbs for 12 wk. Training consisted of assisting the cats to stand with full weight support either on both hindlimbs or on one hindlimb (30 min/day, 5 days/wk...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.83
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is shown that the primate primary taste cortex represents not only taste but also information about many nontaste properties of oral stimuli. Of 1,122 macaque anterior insular/frontal opercular neurons recorded, 62 (5.5%) responded to oral stimuli. Of the orally responsive neurons, some (53%) represented the viscos...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00321.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trigeminal reflex blinks evoked near the onset of a saccade cause profound spatial-temporal perturbations of the saccade that are typically compensated in mid-flight. This paper investigates the influence of reflex blinks on the discharge properties of saccade-related burst neurons (SRBNs) in intermediate and deep lay...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.6.3430
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00