Abstract:
:Transmastoid stimulation in human subjects evokes a single descending volley in corticospinal axons. Electromyographic (EMG) responses to transmastoid stimuli measured in the relaxed elbow flexor muscles after a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) are depressed by approximately 50% compared to prior to the MVC. The depression recovers over 2 min. Responses can also be depressed in the relaxed muscle after submaximal contractions and when measured during weak contractions after an MVC. The depression may reflect a decrease in efficacy at the corticospinal-motoneuronal synapse. If so, an activity-dependent decrease in the effectiveness of cortical drive to the motoneurones could affect the control of many voluntary movements.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Taylor JL,Petersen NT,Butler JE,Gandevia Sdoi
10.1007/978-1-4615-0713-0_49subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-01 00:00:00pages
435-41eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
508pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The purpose of this study was to develop a non-dimensional approach towards the description of interaction between the three respiratory stimuli of hypoxia, hypercapnia and exercise and to use this approach to quantify the relative strengths of their interactions. Only a part of the study related to the overall intera...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-73693-8_43
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wound healing is a complex process with the considerable burden on healthcare system. There are several cellular therapy methods that have been introduced to treat different types of wounds. Despite the advantages of cellular therapy, it is needed to overcome different limitations of this method such as; tumorigenicit...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/5584_2018_251
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The food industries need rapid and affordable methods to assure the quality ofproducts and process control. Biosensors, combining a biological recognition element and a sensitive transducer, are versatile analytical tools that offer advantages as classical analytical methods due to their inherent specificity, selectiv...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7347-4_22
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in consumer-level educational technologies show great promise for enhancing the learning experiences of students in health and medicine. There are particular benefits to using a combination of various devices and technologies when teaching challenging concepts. These include augmented reality-enabled devices ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31904-5_5
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family are found in all multicellular eukaryotes and function in a wide range of cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation, differentiation, development, oncogenesis and viral response. Over the past few years, several TRIM proteins have been reported to control ge...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5398-7_5
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteomics is a mass spectrometry-based discipline that aims to analyze proteomes and their functions. Many proteomic studies require well-developed protein databases for reference. However, most proteomes are not well-annotated, aside from model organisms. Techniques like six-frame translation, ab initio gene predict...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15950-4_22
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The close anatomic juxtaposition of epithelial cells with lymphocytes lining the intestinal tract facilitates communication between the two cell types. This intercellular dialogue is important for mucosal development and has a conditioning effect on mucosal structure, function, and response to tissue injury. Lymphoepi...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4143-1_1
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a continued interest in translational research focused on both natural products and manipulation of functional groups on these compounds to create novel derivatives with higher desired activities. Oleanolic acid, a component of traditional Chinese medicine used in hepatitis therapy, was modified by chem...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_13
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to serially collect blood samples and conduct ultrasound examinations in Asian and African elephants has provided unique opportunities to study the biology of these endangered species. As a result, many unique aspects of elephant reproduction have been identified. For females, there are interesting differe...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0820-2_8
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various commercial vaccines are used for immunization against hepatitis B. However, these immunotherapeutic vaccines require invasive administration, which can induce side effects, and require multiple shots to elicit an immune response, limiting their efficacy. Compared to traditional hepatitis B vaccines, polymer na...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_16
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Langerhans cells (LCs) are immune cells that reside in the stratified epithelium of the skin and mucosal membranes. They play a range of roles in the skin, including antigen presentation and maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Reports of LC numbers have been variable in different cancer types, with the majority of st...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_8
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the crosslinks epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl) lysine and epsilon- (beta-aspartyl) lysine present in treated wool has been improved by modifying the enzymic digestion. Treatment of wool with either monocarboxylic acid chlorides in dimethylsulfoxide or with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in the presence of acetate co...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3282-4_21
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The failure of complete remissions to reliably translate into cures in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can be explained by the leukemia stem cell (LSC) paradigm, which hypothesizes that rare leukemia cells with stem cell features, including self-renewal capacity and drug resistance, are primarily responsible for both dis...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14366-4_9
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many antimicrobial peptides are considered to kill microbes by permeabilizing cell membranes. This chapter summarizes the driving force of peptide binding to membranes; various mechanisms of lipid bilayer permeabilization including the barrel-stave, toroidal pore, and carpet models; and modes of permeabilization of ba...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_2
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Speech intelligibility achieved with cochlear implants (CIs) shows large variability across different users. One reason that can explain this variability is the CI user's individual electrode nerve interface which can impact the spectral resolution they can achieve. Spectral resolution has been reported to be related ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25474-6_11
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral blood lymphocytes of 29 c-ANCA positive WG patients fulfilling the ACR classification criteria were examined for the expression of various leukocyte surface molecules by dual marker cytofluorometry (FACStar, Becton Dickinson). Activation markers such as CD25, HLA-DR, CD29 and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9182-2_69
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ruffled border is the most specific marker of the active osteoclast (OC) as it forms only when the cell is resorbing bone. We provide evidence that this complex cytoskeletal structure reflects insertion of the lysosomal vesicles into the bone-apposed plasma membrane under the aegis of the Ca-sensing, exocytic prot...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1050-9_11
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Industries based on small ruminants are major contributors to world food supply but, in extensive grazing systems, reproductive technology is not directly relevant to most enterprises. More important is the need to respond to demand in high-profit export markets for products that are 'clean, green and ethical' (CGE). ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8887-3_9
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The removal of infectious biofilms from tissues or implanted devices and their transmission through fluid transport systems depends in part of the mechanical properties of their polymeric matrix. Linking the various physical and chemical microscopic interactions to macroscopic deformation and failure modes promises to...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32189-9_8
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substrate/inhibitor specificities of nucleoside analogues with modified sugar moieties toward highly purified deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) and thymidine kinases (TK1 and TK2) from human leukemic spleen have been examined. Substrate activities of cytosine nucleosides vs dCK were as follows: 2'-fluoro-dC > 2'-O-methyl-C >...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5381-6_120
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coronavirus peplomer protein S is responsible for attachment and fusion during viral entry as well as for the induction of cell to cell fusion. While several regions within S have been shown to influence the ability to induce fusion, the region of the protein actually responsible for fusion, the fusion peptide, ha...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_3
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two gross mechanisms of pathology are central to pulmonary arterial hypertension - increased pulmonary vascular tone and remodelling of the pulmonary arteries. These pathologies can be caused by a variety of aberrant processes, and combine to cause an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and consequent right vent...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-500-2_31
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive screening measures are widely administered in everyday clinical practice in different geriatric settings. Despite the presence of several extended-like screening tests, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) continues to be largely used not only by neuropsychologists, neurologists, and psychiatrists ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-32637-1_9
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consciousness, ranging from the primary, or perceptual, level to high levels that include a sense of self, can be identified in various organisms by a set of hallmarks that include behavioral, neural and phenomenal and/or informational. Behavioral hallmarks include those that indicate high cognitive abilities, such be...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1704-0_19
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether a taurine-ribose derivative, N-(D-ribopyranosyl)taurine sodium salt, inhibits the differentiation process of preadipocytes or modulates the expression of cytokines from adipocytes as does taurine chloramine (TauCl) in vitro. To know the inhibitory effects of taurine-ribose (Tau-Ribose) on diffe...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_52
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive as well as negative health effects of exposure of human skin to UV radiation depend on spectra and fluence rates, both of which being dependent on latitude, time of the day and several other factors. The major positive effects are related to vitamin D photosynthesis and the major negative effect is skin cance...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Born 200 years ago, Darwin's revolutionary ideas were derived largely from his observations on life forms that evolved relatively recently, including various flowering plants, worms, birds and domesticated animals. Yet, life appeared on planet earth close to 4 billion years ago in the form of unicellular organisms col...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7185-2_6
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A kininogenase resembling glandular kallikrein was partially purified from vascular tissue and characterized. Saline perfused rat tail arteries and veins were homogenized in 0.25 M sucrose containing 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4). The homogenate was centrifuged at 105,000 X g for 60 min and a vascular kininogenase was purif...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5143-6_2
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stargardt disease (STGD) is one of the most common macular dystrophies in young adults. It progresses slowly. Its prevalence is about 1:8000-10,000. Age of onset is a surrogate marker: The earlier the onset, the more severe the disease course. Onset usually occurs in childhood or early adolescence, at about 10-15 year...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95046-4_27
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While studies of simple acoustic features have provided excellent bases for models of spatial hearing, we are seeking, here, to create a new paradigm for examination of shared attention and scene analysis in natural environments, where the listener is confronted with semantic information from multiple sources. In this...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1590-9_58
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00