Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cognitive screening measures are widely administered in everyday clinical practice in different geriatric settings. Despite the presence of several extended-like screening tests, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) continues to be largely used not only by neuropsychologists, neurologists, and psychiatrists but also by general practitioners and other health-related specialties. AIM:We herein provide normative data for the MMSE in a large sample of community-dwelling healthy participants aged over 50 years old stratified by age and education. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The sample included 925 community-dwelling healthy participants (age range: 50-91 years) of both genders (231 males/694 females) with different educational level (range: 1-16 years). Demographic-related effects were examined for the total MMSE score using hierarchical regression analysis; normative data are presented in mean ± standard deviation and percentile ranks and divided into seven overlapping age tables with different midpoints at 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 years using the overlapping cell procedure. RESULTS:Initial analysis did not show any effect of gender but revealed significant correlation between age, education, and total MMSE. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that education significantly accounted for 17.3% of the total variance in the MMSE with age adding a significant 7.4% to the final model (adjusted R2 = 0.246, F = 151.872, p < 0.001; age: β = -0.286, p < 0.001; education: β = 0.332, p < 0.001). The sample was stratified according to the overlapping cell procedure with regard to age (age groups: 50-60, 55-65, 60-70, 65-75, 70-80, 75-85, 80-91); four educational levels were considered: 1-5, 6-9, 10-12, and 13-16 years. CONCLUSIONS:Current normative data for the Greek version of the MMSE are provided as a useful set of norms for clinical and research practice.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Mougias A,Christidi F,Kaldi M,Kerossi MI,Athanasouli P,Politis Adoi
10.1007/978-3-030-32637-1_9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-01 00:00:00pages
93-102eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
1196pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitor has been successfully applied in treatment for multiple cancer types, especially for patients at advanced stage. However, response rate of this promising therapy is low, thus requiring biomarkers for precise medication to reduce the ineffective treatment. With multiple retrospec...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-3266-5_7
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CRISPR/Cas9 system has emerged as a powerful tool to edit the genome. Among many applications, the system generates the exciting possibility of engineering small and large portions of chromosomes to induce a variety of structural alterations such as deletions, inversions, insertions and inter-chromosomal transloca...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-0593-1_4
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural circuit function is determined not only by anatomical connections but also by the strength and nature of the connections, that is functional or physiological connectivity. To elucidate functional connectivity, selective stimulation of presynaptic terminals of an identified neuronal population is crucial. Howeve...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-8763-4_27
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 is a membrane-bound surface ectopeptidase with a ubiquitous distribution. In hematopoiesis, APN/CD13 is expressed on stem cells and during most developmental stages of myeloid cells. Because APN/CD13 has been implicated in the trimming on the cell surface of peptides that protrude out of MH...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/0-306-46826-3_5
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The configurations of myosin projections in striated muscles from the marine crab, Portunus trituberculatus were described in the relaxed and rigor states at the full overlap length of the thin and thick filaments. The crystallographic period of the thick filament is 101.5 nm (14.5 nm X 7) and the thick filament has f...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4703-3_21
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can be differentiated into a wide variety of functional cells, is underway and some clinical trials have already been performed or are ongoing. On the other hand, the risk of carcinogenesis is an issue and the mechanism of cellular reprograming rema...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/5584_2019_394
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the fractal bronchial tree, we introduced a function of "asynchronous phasic contractions of lobular bronchiole", which would generate fluctuations in tidal volumes. Stochastic control theory was able to describe a genesis of biological variability in spontaneous respirations using a Schroedinger wave functio...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-5692-7_11
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical two-dimensional (2D) Doppler ultrasound flow velocity measurement is important for determination of arterial wall shear stress, blood-tissue exchange, myocardial and valvular function. Such 2D Doppler flow velocity images are usually displayed in color, superimposed on the gray-scale, cross-section structural...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2946-0_38
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality rates throughout the world. Next to an insufficient number of healthy donors, this has led to increasing numbers of patients on heart transplant waiting lists with prolonged waiting times. Innovative technological advancements have led to the production of ven...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/5584_2018_145
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the crosslinks epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl) lysine and epsilon- (beta-aspartyl) lysine present in treated wool has been improved by modifying the enzymic digestion. Treatment of wool with either monocarboxylic acid chlorides in dimethylsulfoxide or with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in the presence of acetate co...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3282-4_21
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is an intracellular degradation and recycling machinery by which cellular materials are delivered to the lysosome for disposal. Beyond lysosomal degradation, autophagy genes play additional roles in secretion and membrane-trafficking pathways. Ranging from cell-intrinsic and cell-type-specific regulation of ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0606-2_10
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychiatric disorders are too multifactorial to be defined as a primarily inflammatory disorder, and increased inflammatory response is not specific to mental disorder only. Numerous factors are involved in neuroinflammation, and there also are many confounding variables, making it difficult to obtain consistent outco...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_24
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The level of illness acceptance correlates positively with compliance to the doctor's recommendations, and negatively with the frequency and intensity of complications of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the clinical condition on the level of illness acceptance, and to find...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/5584_2014_47
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long before the RNA degrading exosome was first described in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the use of autoantibodies found in the sera of certain autoimmune patients allowed the identification of a complex of polypeptides which later appeared to be the human exosome. Today, the most extensively documented associ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diffusion coefficients of cell membranes of pneumocytes plus endothelial cells, cytosol plus blood plasma, erythrocyte membranes, and hemoglobin solution in erythrocytes were estimated from the fluorometrically measured membrane viscosity. The time course of oxygen partial pressure distribution was numerically cal...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9510-6_7
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several possibilities are discussed with regard to the biological potency of gangliosides and related compounds as biological response modifier. Evidence is presented that a ganglioside, GQ1b, but not other gangliosides examined exhibits a strong biological activity at a few nanomolar concentration for the promotion o...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1200-0_16
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Utah electrode array (UEA) and its many derivatives have become a gold standard for high-channel count bi-directional neural interfaces, in particular in human subject applications. The chapter provides a brief overview of leading electrode concepts and the context in which the UEA has to be understood. It goes on...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2050-7_1
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic resistance is a global epidemic, becoming increasingly pressing due to its rapid spread. There is thus a critical need to develop new therapeutic approaches. In addition to searching for new antibiotics, looking into existing mechanisms of natural host defense may enable researchers to improve existing defe...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46886-6_7
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enlarged fat cells in obese adipose tissue diminish capacity to store fat and are resistant to the anti-lipolytic effect of insulin. Insulin resistance (IR)-associated S-nitrosylation of insulin-signaling proteins increases in obesity. In accordance with the inhibition of insulin-mediated anti-lipolytic action, plasma...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_8
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most processes of human body, such as brain function, are regulated by biological rhythms. Disturbance of biological rhythms impairs mood, behavior, cognition, sleep, and social activity and may lead to mental disorders. Disturbed rhythms are widely observable in patients with major depressive disorders (MDD) and make...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9271-0_6
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills. It is the most common cause of dementia among older people. One of the most important hallmarks of AD is the presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide in the brain that suggests that it...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08927-0_12
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this report is to propose a new methodology to treat prostate cancer with macro-rod-shaped gold seeds irradiated with ultrasound and develop a new computational method for temperature and thermal dose control of hyperthermia therapy induced by the proposed procedure. A computer code representation, based on...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09012-2_8
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract Of diverse growth factors that contribute to normal lung development, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an especially prominent role in the normal growth and development of the pulmonary circulation in the fetus and newborn. Strong experimental and clinical data support the role of impaired VEGF...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-500-2_21
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult male Wistar rats were fed nutritionally adequate liquid diets providing 35% of the total calories as ethanol, while pair-fed controls received the corresponding diet with ethanol replaced by an equicaloric concentration of sucrose. After 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 14 weeks of chronic ethanol treatment, separate groups o...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-1419-7_81
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study of high altitude physiology was undertaken during an 11-day expedition to the Himalaya with ascent to Annapurna base camp (4,130 m) reaching it on the sixth day. Fourteen male UK residents (13 aged 16-17 years; 1 adult) measured arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and heart rate (HR) at rest and at 2 min ex...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4989-8_14
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Industries based on small ruminants are major contributors to world food supply but, in extensive grazing systems, reproductive technology is not directly relevant to most enterprises. More important is the need to respond to demand in high-profit export markets for products that are 'clean, green and ethical' (CGE). ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8887-3_9
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteinase activated receptors (PARs), a small subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors with four members, PAR₁, PAR₂, PAR₃ and PAR₄, are expressed in various tumours from epithelial origin and can play an important role in tumour progression and metastasis. Within the complex intracellular PAR signaling networks trig...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_45
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) remains a considerable challenge to health care systems worldwide. Although CDI represents a significant burden on healthcare systems in Europe, few studies have attempted to estimate the consumption of resources associated with CDI in Europe. The reported extra costs attributable...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72799-8_1
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that patients who undergo surgical operations have a high risk of infection and sepsis. One explanation for this high risk may be a depression of neutrophil functions at the postoperative period. In the present study, the effects of surgical stresses on neutrophil functions were studied in ten patient...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9543-4_34
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The luminal-mucosal interface of the intestinal tract is the first relevant location where microorganism-derived antigens and all other potentially immunogenic particles face the scrutiny of the powerful mammalian immune system. Upon regular functioning conditions, the intestinal barrier is able to effectively prevent...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0897-4_4
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00