Abstract：
:Clinical two-dimensional (2D) Doppler ultrasound flow velocity measurement is important for determination of arterial wall shear stress, blood-tissue exchange, myocardial and valvular function. Such 2D Doppler flow velocity images are usually displayed in color, superimposed on the gray-scale, cross-section structural images of the tissue. There are several limitations to this technique of flow measurement, some due to the instrumentation and some to the way the measurement is made. In this report we concentrate on the latter, identifying the main causes of errors and distortion, and outlining the methodology for minimizing them. The suggested method takes into account the spatial location and orientation of both the ultrasound transducer and the blood vessel. It allows quantification of vascular flow patterns, thus enhancing the usefulness of this important non-invasive diagnostic tool.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Adam DR,Kempner KM,Vivino MA,Tucker EE,Jones Mdoi
10.1007/978-1-4615-2946-0_38subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
393-9eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
346pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The number of helminths within a host can only increase by the host encountering additional infectious stages, so it is important to consider not only whether a host is infected, but also the severity of its infection. Stochastic models consider explicitly the number of parasites within the host and treat infection, d...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-6064-1_5
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epigenetic memories are acquired information included in the chromatin or DNA such as methylation and histone modifications. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic memories determine the types of differentiated cells in each tissue. Moreover, the development of metabolic diseases induced by environmental factors durin...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-5526-3_2
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using fowl anti mouse (Fab)2 antibody, a protein has been collected from culture fluid and cell lysates of thymoma cells and stimulated thymocytes. This protein did show an immunoglobulin arc on immunoelectrophoresis against abovementioned antibody and against rabbit anti mouse Ig serum. No precipitation lines have be...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9101-6_23
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quantification of tissue oxygen by frequency or time domain methods has been discussed in a number of prior publications where the meaning of the tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation was unclear and where the CW instruments were unsuitable for proper quantitative measurements [1, 2]. The development of the IQ Phase...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-0075-9_2
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A quadruple wavelength method to monitor the changes in concentration of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin and the redox state of cytochrome oxidase within a living tissue is presented. The expected advantages of this technique over the triple wavelength method are (i) that it can compensate for the light scatter...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5643-1_8
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Techniques of rare event dynamics were reviewed including the string methods, which will be implemented with the biochemical simulation packages. The existing methods were applied to study biological systems with relevance to drug design and drug metabolism. The rare event dynamics simulations were performed to unders...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-017-9245-5_6
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, we discuss the issues encountered when trying to perform hearing experiments in water-filled tanks that are several meters in lateral extent, typically large in terms of the size of the animals under study but not necessarily so with respect to the wavelengths of interest. This paper presents measuremen...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_43
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genotoxic chemicals are known to react with DNA either directly or after metabolic activation to form adducts, a step thought to be relevant with respect to chemical carcinogenesis. Evaluation of cancer risk due to exposure to chemicals requires information about the internal dose which depends on individual variation...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-3230-6_20
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macromolecules have been prepared containing native insulin carried by a modified insulin skeleton made by partially thiolating the insulin hexamer and forming intermolecular cross-links through disulphide bridges. Oxidation of partially thiolated insulin (0.5-0.7 SH group/mole), formed by reacting insulin with AHTL, ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-3282-4_15
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last few years, Indol-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) has been subjected to 5 pilot clinical trials in volunteers and a phase II study on patients affected by anxiety, with or without sleep problems. Overall, results indicated a very good safety profile, relief from anxiety and a better quality of sleep in patients treate...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-4709-9_29
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The multifactorial etiology of hypospadias is becoming more clearly defined with ongoing investigation. Endogenous endocrine abnormalities identified so far include testosterone biosynthesis defects, 5alpha-reductase type 2 mutations, and androgen receptor mutations (the rarest cause, even in cases of severe hypospadi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-8995-6_4
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on the insights gleaned from decades of research, it seems clear that mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an essential signaling node that integrates environmental clues for regulation of cell survival, metabolism and proliferation of the cells. However, overwhelmingly increasing scientific evidence has ad...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_15
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequently diagnosed leukemia in the Western world, yet remains essentially incurable. Although initial chemotherapy response rates are high, patients invariably relapse and subsequently develop resistance to chemotherapy. For the moment, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cel...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-8051-8_11
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of allergic sensitization and inflammation is dependent on activation and stimulation of T cells that exhibit pro-allergic functions. A mouse model system was developed to study the role of T cells in allergic sensitization in more detail. Local sensitization of mice stimulates an allergen specific IgE...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-5855-2_4
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Jørgensen and Dau (J Acoust Soc Am 130:1475-1487, 2011) proposed the speech-based envelope power spectrum model (sEPSM) in an attempt to overcome the limitations of the classical speech transmission index (STI) and speech intelligibility index (SII) in conditions with nonlinearly processed speech. Instead of consideri...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-1590-9_38
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adverse effects of trace metals, heat, steam and other conditions encountered in food processing relate to the acceleration of development of rancidity. Measures to retard oxidation of lipids, vitamins, pigments and proteins include elimination of prooxidants, removal of oxygen and use of blends of inhibitors form...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-1925-0_16
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alternative splicing is a powerful means of controlling gene expression and increasing protein diversity. Most genes express a limited number of mRNA isoforms, but there are several examples of genes that use alternative splicing to generate hundreds, thousands and even tens of thousands of isoforms. Collectively such...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-77374-2_4
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultured human fibroblasts accumulated methotrexate polyglutamates to levels far in excess of the dihydrofolate reductase binding capacity. After four days in methotrexate-free medium the intracellular drug level dropped by 70% but nearly 80% of the remaining methotrexate was in the form of polyglutamates. Reduced fol...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-5241-0_21
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural focal diseases are caused by biological agents associated with specific landscapes. The natural focus of such diseases is defined as any natural ecosystem containing the pathogen's population as an essential component. In such context, the agent circulates independently on human presence, and humans may become...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2016_199
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The variability associated with testing wheat for deoxynivalenol (DON) was measured using a 0.454 kg sample, a Romer mill, 25 g of comminuted subsample and the Romer Fluoroquant analytical method. The total variability was partitioned into sampling, sample preparation, and analytical variability components. Each varia...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-0629-4_8
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ruffled border is the most specific marker of the active osteoclast (OC) as it forms only when the cell is resorbing bone. We provide evidence that this complex cytoskeletal structure reflects insertion of the lysosomal vesicles into the bone-apposed plasma membrane under the aegis of the Ca-sensing, exocytic prot...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-1050-9_11
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pertinent data from the literature and in press is summarised and used to construct a model for the molecular arrangement of lipid and protein in the lamellae of compact central nerve myelin. For the lipid phase of myelin the available data is best interpreted in terms of a bilayer arrangement while physical studies s...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-2514-7_17
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During central nervous system (CNS) development, a complex series of events play out, starting with the establishment of neural progenitor cells, followed by their asymmetric division and formation of lineages and the differentiation of neurons and glia. Studies in the Drosophila melanogaster embryonic CNS have reveal...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-34436-8_3
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These studies show that at least some--though certainly not all--of the adjuvant effects of LPS and its derivatives can be attributed to its ability to eliminate the inhibitory effects of Ts which are activated during the course of a normal immune response. The ability of nontoxic MPL to act in this fashion suggests t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3434-1_4
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess whether the dipeptide N-epsilon-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-lysine (glutamyl-lysine) can serve as a nutritional source of lysine, we compared the growth of mice fed (a) an amino acid diet in which lysine was replaced by six dietary levels of glutamyl-lysine; (b) wheat gluten diets fortified with lysine; (c) a wheat...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-2626-5_30
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last 5 years at least four new types of colonisation factors have been described in association with porcine postweaning diarrhea and edema disease strains of E. coli. Recently, evidence was presented that these fimbrial factors are closely related to each other, and therefore the common denomination F18 wa...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-1828-4_26
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review of the effects of hemidecortication in humans has been limited to studies of cognitive outcome published during the last 20 years. More directly than in the case of split-brain patients, the patients reviewed here attest to the remarkable ability of a single hemisphere, whether left or right, to support at...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3420-4_8
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taurine plays a protective role against free radicals and toxins in various cells and tissues. However, the effect of taurine on hepatic injury and fibrosis developed by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and myofibroblast-like cells is not fully understood. We investigated the effects of taurine on the hepatic fi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_30
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor cells usually express antigens which are distinguishable from normal "self" antigens and are thereby recognized by the host immune system. However, the host immune system barely responds to tumors in patients. Supplementation with adjuvant (such as BCG-CWS) in patients with cancer contributes to regression of in...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/0-306-46817-4_21
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A survey of 48 inbred lines derived from five sources in the United States and Europe revealed considerable genetic polymorphism of the CS-1 gene. A minimum of ten alleles were detected as unique combinations of CS-1 specificities. The relationship of some of the alleles would indicate that intracistronic recombinatio...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-4169-7_34
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
