Abstract：
:The number of helminths within a host can only increase by the host encountering additional infectious stages, so it is important to consider not only whether a host is infected, but also the severity of its infection. Stochastic models consider explicitly the number of parasites within the host and treat infection, death and other demographic events as random processes. I discuss stochastic helminth population models of increasing degrees of complexity, starting with the infection dynamics within a single host and finishing with the full parasite lifecycle among a population of hosts. I demonstrate the mathematical techniques that can help to analyse these models and discuss the insights into parasite population biology that these methods can bring.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Cornell SJdoi
10.1007/978-1-4419-6064-1_5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
66-78eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
673pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The development and validation of scientific alternatives to animal testing is important not only from an ethical perspective (implementation of 3Rs), but also to improve safety assessment decision making with the use of mechanistic information of higher relevance to humans. To be effective in these efforts, it is how...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-33826-2_14
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of insulin release evoked by D-glucose and other nutrient secretagogues is triggered by an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ activity. However, some other insulinotropic agents may stimulate insulin release at a close-to-basal concentration of cytosolic ionized calcium. The control of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5754-4_20
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T-type Ca(2+) channels are a distinct family of low voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels which serve many roles in different tissues. Several studies have implicated them, for example, in the adaptive responses to chronic hypoxia in the cardiovascular and endocrine systems. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) was more recently disc...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-18440-1_40
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of congenital muscle diseases and disorders are caused by mutations in genes that encode the proteins present in or associated with the thin filaments of the muscle sarcomere. These genes include alpha-skeletal actin (ACTA1), beta-tropomyosin (TPM2), alpha-tropomyosin slow (TPM3), nebulin (NEB), troponin I fa...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-85766-4_12
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures released by cells, including those of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. The cargo of EVs includes genetic material and proteins, making these vesicles essential in cell communication. Among the genetic materials, we find a large number of mi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-27378-1_71
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular dementia (VaD) is well recognized as the second most familiar form of dementia in the aged population. The present study is aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extract of leaves of Ocimum sanctum (EEOS) against hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-induced vascular dementia (VaD) in Wistar rat...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-32633-3_30
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances have shown that cell surface receptors are expressed differentially in normal and pathological conditions. Novel organ specific and disease specific proteins expressed on tumor vasculature have been identified by in vivo phage display technology and the diversity of the tumor-associated vasculature has...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-04843-7_15
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate age-related changes in the shape of trachea, normal male volunteers (n = 83, mean +/- SD: 47.7 +/- 20.2 years old) underwent inspiratory CT scans at full inspiration and lung function tests. Subjects who showed VC < 80% predicted or FEV1 < 80% predicted on lung function tests were excluded. The CT data,...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-1241-1_16
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma patients should be considered not only in terms of the medical aspects, but also the nonmedical issues associated with the psychological domain, since these are factors that can significantly improve patients' health state, quality of life, and illness acceptance, and can contribute to the reduction of healthca...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2016_192
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amount, confer a health benefit on the host. Amongst the many benefits associated with the consumption of probiotics, modulation of the immune system has received the most attention. Several animal and human studies have provided unequiv...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-74087-4_17
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the level of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the brain in newborn rats in the pre- and post-stroke periods, as well as the changes in cerebral blood flow and beta-arrestin-1 as a marker of hypoxic stress. Our results show that mild hypoxia precedes the stroke development and is associated with venous rela...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_23
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhalation of high concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnO) particles may cause metal fume fever. A useful tool to characterize the reactivity of innate immune cells of an individual, e.g., after in vivo exposure, is the whole blood assay (WBA). The measurable outcome of WBA is the release of cytokines, especially pro-infla...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2019_471
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become a standard of care following hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). After TH, body temperature is brought back to 37 °C over 14 h. Lactate/N-acetylasperatate (Lac/NAA) peak area ratio on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) is the best available outcome biomarker fo...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_33
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small activating RNA (saRNA)-mediated gene activation has opened a new avenue for upregulating the expression of target genes by promoting endogenous transcription, a phenomenon known as RNA activation (RNAa). RNAa is distinct from the established RNAi mechanistic framework, although AGO2 is required by both. The prec...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-4310-9_3
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent progress in tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cell research has inspired great interest because these immature cells from your own body can act as potential, easily accessible cell sources for cell transplantation in regenerative medicine and cancer therapies. The use of adult stem/progenitor cells endowed ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-2098-9_12
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of stress-induced psychological and somatic diseases has been increasing rapidly, and it is important to clarify the neurophysiological mechanisms of stress response in order to establish effective stress management methods. We previously reported that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-34461-0_14
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A defining hallmark of cancer and cancer development is upregulated angiogenesis. The vasculature formed in tumors is structurally abnormal, not organized in the conventional hierarchical arrangement, and more permeable than normal vasculature. These features contribute to leaky, tortuous, and dilated blood vessels, w...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-95294-9_6
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Better understanding of central nervous system (CNS) molecules can include the identification of new molecules and their receptor systems. Discovery of novel proteins and elucidation of receptor targets can be accomplished using mass spectrometry (MS). We describe a case study of such a molecule, which our lab has stu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-06068-2_25
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNA molecules that through imperfect base-pairing with complementary sequences of target mRNA molecules, typically cleave target mRNA, causing subsequent degradation or translation inhibition. Although an increasing number of studies have identified misregulated miRNAs in the ne...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-22671-2_6
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first systematic multi-center study of the clinical use of EPR oximetry has begun, with funding as a PPG from the NCI. Using particulate oxygen sensitive EPR, materials in three complementary forms (India Ink, "OxyChips", and implantable resonators) the clinical value of the technique will be evaluated. The aims i...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_13
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The basis of the present investigation was the establishment of an oncogene-dependent, genetically determined two-stage carcinogenesis in vitro model as multicellular spheroids. Spheroid formation was achieved with four rat embryo fibroblast cell lines, two of which represent the first step of malignant transformation...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2468-7_47
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mast cells play an important role in the lung in both health and disease. Their primary role is to initiate an appropriate program of inflammation and repair in response to tissue damage initiated by a variety of diverse stimuli. They are important for host immunity against bacterial infection and potentially in the h...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-9533-9_13
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since many aspects of schizophrenia are also manifested at the peripheral level in proliferating cell types, this chapter describes the analysis of skin fibroblasts biopsied from living patients. The method focuses on cell culture and sample preparation for characterization of the model. The resulting cell extracts ca...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-52479-5_29
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Workers in the zinc processing, for example, welding or hot-dip galvanizing, are exposed to aerosols consisting of particles and gases, including zinc oxide (ZnO), which can affect human health. In this study, we addressed the effects of short-term controlled exposure to nano-sized ZnO on the airway inflammatory marke...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2020_572
更新日期：2020-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Overhauser enhanced MRI (OMRI) is one of the free radical imaging technologies and has been used in biomedical research such as for partial oxygen measurements in tumor, and redox status in acute oxidative diseases. The external magnetic field of OMRI is frequently in the range of 5-10 mTesla to ensure microwave penet...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-55231-6_51
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging is associated with changes in biological functions, such as reduced cardiovascular responses to stressful tasks. However, less is known about the influence of age on the reactivity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to acute stressors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a computerized-controll...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-55231-6_21
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intermittent measurement of blood pressure (BP) is frequently performed in newborn babies under intensive care using an inflatable cuff encircling either the arm or leg. This paper describes work aimed at achieving continuous beat-by-beat measurement of the arterial pressure waveform by means of a finger cuff, the pre...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-1927-6_56
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences between serum and plasma complement, which now is called as the cold activation of complement, was investigated in relation with the phenomenon reported as the cold promoted activation of factor VII, to which kallikrein and Hageman factor are known to participate. Despite the presence of several similariti...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A basket shaped catheter carrying 64 electrodes was developed in the left ventricle (LV) of 53 pigs which had undergone induction of myocardial infarction. Pacing during sinus rhythm, or echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements as well as pathological studies revealed no significant damage due to the basket cath...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-5959-7_27
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease with unknown etiology. Lungs and lymph nodes are commonly affected. Also, cases of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are described. However, the exact prevalence of PAH in patients with sarcoidosis is unclear. A 111 patients with prove...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-4546-9_38
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
