Abstract:
:Recent large-scale epidemiological studies demonstrate that blood concentrations of immunoreactive insulin predict the development of NIDDM and IDDM and are associated with the risk of several degenerative diseases, such as coronary and peripheral vessel atherosclerosis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The reliability of these measurements is dependent on a biological assay that has not been well standardized between laboratories. Recognizing this, the American Diabetes Association organized a task force to assess comparability of blood insulin measurements between laboratories and to suggest techniques to improve comparability. The task force found that identical serum and plasma samples measured in different laboratories produced widely disparate values that were unacceptable for population comparisons. Use of a single reference standard did little to improve comparability. Assay characteristics such as linearity, recovery, accuracy, and cross-reactivity to proinsulin and its primary conversion intermediates varied among the laboratories, and they did not readily explain differences in the measurements made from assay to assay. Use of the same assay kit in different laboratories did not always ensure comparable measurements. Linear regression of assay results from one laboratory to an arbitrarily chosen reference assay greatly improved comparability and demonstrated the potential value in comparing each assay to a reference method. The task force report defines acceptable assay characteristics and proposes a three-step process of insulin assay proficiency and comparability. A central reference assay and ongoing sample exchange will be needed to allow reliable comparisons of insulin measurements made in different laboratories. Rigorous quality control and continuous quality improvement are needed to maintain reliability of the insulin measurement.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Robbins DC,Andersen L,Bowsher R,Chance R,Dinesen B,Frank B,Gingerich R,Goldstein D,Widemeyer HM,Haffner S,Hales CN,Jarett L,Polonsky K,Porte D,Skyler J,Webb G,Gallagher Kdoi
10.2337/diab.45.2.242subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-02-01 00:00:00pages
242-56issue
2eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::Near-normal glucose tolerance tests in diabetic dogs were obtained during basal rate insulin infusions in restrained animals by use of extracorporeal infusion pumps and in conscious, unrestrained animals by means of implanted infusion pumps. Even better regulation of blood glucose in diabetic animals was obtained by t...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.28.7.634
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome-wide nonparametric linkage analysis of 480 sib-pairs affected with type 2 diabetes revealed linkage to a previously unreported susceptibility locus on chromosome 18p11. This result improved with stringent subphenotyping using age- and sex-adjusted BMI, ultimately reaching a logarithm of odds of 3.82 (allele sha...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.3.675
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well described that excessive lipid metabolism can cause insulin resistance in both animals and humans, and this has been implicated as a causative factor in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in humans. Recently, we have shown that intravenous lipid emulsion (liposyn) infusion during a 12...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.6.1907
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pretreatment of isolated islets of Langerhans with concanavalin A (Con A) completely blocks alloxan from suppressing the insulin release response to glucose. The lectin itself inhibits insulin secretion. This effect is dose dependent and reversible. Con A, however, has no protective action against the inhibition o...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.2.164
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) constitute a major effector population in pancreatic islets from patients suffering from type 1 diabetes (T1D) and thus represent attractive targets for intervention. Some studies have suggested that blocking the interaction between the chemokine CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 on activate...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-1370
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Widely held theories of the pathogenesis of obesity-associated NIDDM have implicated apparently incompatible events as seminal: 1) insulin resistance in muscle, 2) abnormal secretion of insulin, and 3) increases in intra-abdominal fat. Altered circulating or tissue lipids are characteristic features of obesity and NID...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/diab.45.3.273
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous reports have confirmed the presence of islet cell antibodies in diabetic patients. These are found mostly in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic patients and in patients who have autoimmune polyendocrine disorders. Antibodies to beta cells, somatostatin, and glucagon-producing cells have been described...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.28.2.102
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult, male ICR Swiss mice are susceptible to the diabetogenic effects of the D-variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC-D) in contrast to adult C3H/HeJ male mice, which are relatively resistant. To date, experimental evidence suggests that the immune system plays a role in the pathogenesis of this infection. We hav...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.12.1217
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac failure is a major cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes, but the molecular mechanism that links diabetes to heart failure remains unclear. Insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, and insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2) are the major insulin-signaling components regulatin...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-0095
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of three calcium antagonists (verapamil, diltiazem, and nifedipine) on insulin effects was investigated in isolated rat soleus muscles. Soleus muscles were incubated in the presence of insulin (100 microU/ml), a concentration that stimulates the rates of lactate formation and glycogen synthesis half-maximal...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.43.1.73
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (pDBH) activity is markedly elevated in chronic experimental streptozotocin (STZ) diabetes in the rat. Several possible explanations, all potentially relevant to the pathophysiology of diabetes, could explain this observation. The objective of this paper was to further delineate the be...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.30.5.416
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose-sensing transcription factor required for glucose-stimulated proliferation of pancreatic β-cells in rodents and humans. The full-length isoform (ChREBPα) has a low glucose inhibitory domain (LID) that restrains the transactivation domain when glucos...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-0239
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Paracrine signaling via gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) has been documented in rodent islets. Here we have studied the importance of GABAergic signaling in human pancreatic islets. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Expression of GABA(A)Rs in islet cells was investigated by quantita...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0797
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met on β-cell survival in diabetogenic conditions in vivo and in response to cytokines in vitro. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We generated pancreas-specific c-Met-null (PancMet KO) mice and characterized their response to diabetes induced by multiple l...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1305
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Regulation of obesity development is an important issue to prevent metabolic syndromes. Gene-disrupted mice of phospholipase Cδ1 (PLCδ1), a key enzyme of phosphoinositide turnover, seemed to show leanness. Here we examined whether and how PLCδ1 is involved in obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Weight gain,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-1500
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We sought to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying permanenent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) in a patient with a heterozygous de novo L225P mutation in the L0 region of the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR)1, the regulatory subunit of the pancreatic ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (K(ATP) channel). RESEARCH D...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1746
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice respond to fatty acid synthase (FAS) inhibitors by profoundly reducing their food intake and body weight. Evidence indicates that the central nervous system (CNS) may be the critical site of action; however, a peripheral contribution cannot be ruled out. We compared doses of the FAS inhibitor C75 in the CNS (thir...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.11.3196
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The apolipoprotein E (apoE) phenotype and allele frequencies were examined in type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with normolipidemia (n = 134) and hypercholesterolemia (type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia, n = 35; type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia, n = 42). The frequencies of apoE4-present phenotypes (apoE4/3, ap...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.36.11.1301
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inhibitory actions of somatostatin (100 ng./ml.) on insulin release, stimulated by high glucose (20 mM), and on glucagon release, stimulated by arginine (15 mM), were studied with two in vitro systems: the isolated perifused rat islets prepared by the collagenase procedure and the isolated perfused rat pancreas. S...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.24.11.961
更新日期:1975-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence supports the strong overlap between genes implicated in monogenic diabetes and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare disorder associated with overexpression of genes at a paternally expressed imprinted locus on chromosome 6q24. There are two overlappin...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-0216
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats from four experimental treatment groups, including fed controls, 24- to 30-h fasted, dexamethasone-treated, and intraperitoneal glucose-treated, were used to assess the effects of these treatments on the immunohistochemically detectable islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) content in the pancreatic islets. Isolated p...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.12.1701
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exosomes are important for intercellular communication, but the role of exosomes in the communication between adipose tissue (AT) and the liver remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the contribution of AT-derived exosomes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Exosome components, liver fat conte...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db20-0146
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In type 2 diabetes, impaired insulin-induced Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling may decrease the vascular relaxation response. Previously, we reported that this response was negatively regulated by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2). In this study, we investigated whether/how in aortas from...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1729
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reduction in blood glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) brought about by the use of phenobarbital (PB), a hepatic microsomal enzyme inducer, suggests an improvement in insulin sensitivity. The effect of PB on insulin-mediated glucose metabolism was hence investigated using the euglycemic clam...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.9.911
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormalities of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (Mecp2) cause neurological disorders with metabolic dysfunction; however, its role in adipose tissues remains unclear. Here, we report upregulated Mecp2 in white adipose tissues (WAT) of obese humans, as well as in obese mice and during in vitro adipogenesis. Normal chow-f...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db19-0502
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of glyburide on glucose metabolism was examined in 10 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDDM) and 7 young, control subjects. After 3 mo of glyburide treatment in NIDDM, fasting plasma glucose declined from 198 to 141 mg/dl (P less than 0.01) without change in fasting insulin levels. Basal hepatic gl...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.9.838
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human CD5+ B lymphocytes produce autoantibodies that bind to self- and exogenous antigens. Extremely high percentages of CD5+ B lymphocytes are present in the fetal and newborn periods, whereas they constitute only a minority of B lymphocytes in healthy adults. Increased percentages of circulating CD5+ lymphocytes hav...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.10.1314
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kir6.2 is an inwardly rectifying potassium channel that is expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and cardiac and skeletal muscle. Expressed together with the high-affinity sulphonylurea receptor, it reconstitutes a sulphonylurea- and also ATP-sensitive potassium channel resembling the native beta-cell channel. The object...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.46.3.508
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules (mean size 220 nm), composed of spheric polymeric structures, have been used as a drug carrier for insulin. The rate of encapsulation of insulin is 54.9%, and we studied the therapeutic efficiency of the nanocapsules in diabetic and normal rats. When administered subcutaneously, ins...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.37.2.246
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have been carried out on activities of lysosomal beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (hex), beta-galactosidase (beta-gal), alpha-glucosidase (alpha-glu), and acid phosphatase (AP) in serum and urine from patients with juvenile diabetes and matched controls. There is a large increase in blood and urinary hex activity (...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.25.5.420
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00