Abstract：
:Planners of several large prevention trials have overestimated the expected incidence of events in the control group, largely because they failed either to recognize or to adequately correct for various effects of population selection. Consequently, the studies have been too small in size or too short in duration to achieve their stated objectives. The selection effects include those engendered by the choice of the target population, the self-selection of volunteers, and protocol exclusions. This paper presents a taxonomy of these effects and the likely direction of their influence on the incidence of events and on mortality rates from other causes. Little information is available to help sample-size planners in adjusting for these effects. A few studies have provided information on the extent to which control group incidence rates have fallen short of expectations. In particular, researchers from the University of Minnesota's Colon Cancer Control Study have provided a detailed comparison of event incidence and all-cause mortality rates with general population rates. (AM J Epidemiol 1993;137:797-810). Other studies should publish similarly detailed information to assist sample-size planners of prevention trials. Until more information is published, this paper provides preliminary guidelines for prevention trial sample-size planning.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Ederer F,Church TR,Mandel JSdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116739subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-04-01 00:00:00pages
787-96issue
7eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
137pub_type
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114382
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2016-06-15 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2014-03-15 00:00:00
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更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00
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更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
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更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00
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更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn290
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
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更新日期：2000-10-15 00:00:00
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更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00
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更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
