Abstract:
:Diabetic hypoglycemia produces cognitive-motor slowing, which is assumed to increase risk of automobile crashes. This study investigated driving decrements during and after hypoglycemia, and the patients' awareness of driving decrements. We used a randomized, single-blind, crossover design and conducted the study at the University of Virginia's General Clinical Research Center. We studied a volunteer sample of 27 consecutive adult type I diabetic patients who responded to newspaper ads. Two dropped out (final n = 25). Mean age (+/- SD) was 35.9 +/- 14 yr. Diabetes history was 14.6 +/- 10.5 yr, with HbA1 of 10.8 +/- 2.9%. Driving experience was 19 +/- 13.2 yr. Participants drove a state-of-the-art driving simulator on two consecutive days: Control day involved four euglycemia (mean blood glucose, 6.3 +/- 0.89 mM) driving tests; experimental day involved testing at euglycemia, mild hypoglycemia (mean blood glucose, 3.6 +/- 0.33 mM), moderate hypoglycemia (mean blood glucose, 2.6 +/- 0.28 mM), and again at euglycemia. Patients were blind to blood glucose manipulations and levels. Driving performance was not disrupted at mild hypoglycemia nor after recovery from moderate hypoglycemia. Moderate hypoglycemia disrupted steering, causing more swerving (P < 0.03), spinning (P < 0.03), time over midline (P < 0.05), and time off road (P < 0.01). It also resulted in an apparent compensatory slowing, with more very slow driving (P < 0.04). Global driving performance decrements were observed in 35% of the patients, only 50% of whom stated they would not drive under similar conditions. Driving decrements were unrelated to demographic, disease, or driving history variables.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Cox DJ,Gonder-Frederick L,Clarke Wdoi
10.2337/diab.42.2.239subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-02-01 00:00:00pages
239-43issue
2eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
42pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::The kinetics of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake in human obesity have not been previously studied. To examine this, we used the glucose-clamp technique to measure whole-body and leg muscle glucose uptake in seven lean and six obese men during hyperinsulinemia (approximately 2000 pM) at four glucose levels (app...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.39.8.965
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Visceral obesity and elevated plasma free fatty acids are predisposing factors for type 2 diabetes. Chronic exposure to these lipids is detrimental for pancreatic beta-cells, resulting in reduced insulin content, defective insulin secretion, and apoptosis. We investigated the involvement in this phenomenon of...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1252
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monogenic forms of obesity have been identified in ≤10% of severely obese European patients. However, the overall spectrum of deleterious variants (point mutations and structural variants) responsible for childhood severe obesity remains elusive. In this study, we genetically screened 225 severely obese children from ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db19-1238
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal neovascularization is observed in progression of diabetic retinopathy. New vessels grow into the vitreous cavity in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, resulting in traction retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. To overcome the catastrophic visual loss due to these complications, efforts have been focuse...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1541
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural history of progression from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes is not well defined. We studied this progression using biennial oral glucose tolerance tests performed in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and surviva...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1475
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::NOD mice, a model strain for human type 1 diabetes, express proinsulin (PI) in the thymus. However, insulin-reactive T cells escape negative selection, and subsequent activation of the CD8(+) T-cell clonotype G9C8, which recognizes insulin B15-23 via an αβ T-cell receptor (TCR) incorporating TRAV8-1/TRAJ9 and TRBV19/T...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-1498
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Heart failure is a major cause of mortality in diabetes and may be causally associated with altered metabolism. Recent reports indicate a role of inflammation in peripheral insulin resistance, but the impact of inflammation on cardiac metabolism is unknown. We investigated the effects of diet-induced obesity ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db08-1361
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin antagonism characterizes infection, but the mechanism is unknown. Previous studies have been performed during the acute catabolic stage of infection, and the resultant metabolic changes reflect this decreased food intake and weight loss. To delineate metabolic alterations due to infection itself, rats with pye...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.24.10.881
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test whether treatment with aminoguanidine, a drug known to prevent cross-linking between glycated proteins, is effective in improving reduced erythrocyte deformability in diabetes, we studied a group (n = 6) of ALX-induced long-term (12.7 +/- 2.2 mo of hyperglycemia) diabetic New Zealand white rabbits before and a...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.42.4.590
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased glomerular filtration rate and kidney size early in the course of experimental and human diabetes may be important in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Factors causing these renal functional changes are unknown. The isolated, perfused rat kidney (IPRK) was used to study the effects of elevated glucos...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.4.360
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet survival by 51chromium labeling was determined in six normal control subjects and in twelve patients with diabetes mellitus, before and after improved glucose control (mean HbA1c 10.5 +/- 2.2% and 7.1 +/- 1.8%, respectively). Mean platelet survival was 9.47 +/- 0.85 days for the normal subjects and 9.04 +/- 1...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.30.6.486
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular cholesterol homeostasis is important for normal β-cell function. Disruption of cholesterol transport by decreased function of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCA1 results in impaired insulin secretion. Mice lacking β-cell ABCA1 have increased islet expression of ABCG1, another cholesterol transpor...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1341
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic islets produce and secrete cytokines and chemokines in response to inflammatory and metabolic stress. The physiological role of these "isletokines" in health and disease is largely unknown. We observed that islets release multiple inflammatory mediators in patients undergoing islet transplants within hours ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db17-0578
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on a 26-yr-old patient with an 11-yr history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who exhibited insulin resistance with a requirement of up to 15,000 U of intravenous (i.v.) insulin/day. Attempts to diminish her insulin requirement by administration of sulfated insulin or Trasylol were unsuccessful, with t...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.12.1133
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explore whether racial differences in a United States population influence disease prevalence and perinatal outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The data presented are based on 3744 consecutive patients who underwent universal screening at 24-28 wk gestation; those with a 1-h plasma glucose greater than ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.2.s25
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelets from diabetic subjects with circulating immune complexes (CIC) synthesized greater amounts of thromboxane than did platelets from CIC-negative patients or controls. In view of the known action of CIC on platelet function, a relationship between these two factors may be suggested in the initiation and progres...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.8.728
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between clinical autonomic dysfunction and myocardial MIBG accumulation was investigated. The study groups comprised 6 male diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy (ANP+ group), 6 male diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy (ANP-group), and 6 male nondiabetic control subjects. The mean age ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.41.9.1069
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Posttranslational prenylation (e.g., farnesylation) of small G-proteins is felt to be requisite for cytoskeletal remodeling and fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated roles of protein farnesylation in the signaling steps involved in Raf-1/extracellular signal-related kina...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-1334
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal visceral fat (AVF), abdominal subcutaneous fat (ASF), and abdominal total fat (ATF) were measured using a computed tomography scan, both before (baseline) and after (post) a 20-week endurance exercise training protocol in the HERITAGE Family Study. Each of the baseline and response (post minus baseline) meas...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.3.848
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of most important factors in impaired metabolism secretion coupling in pancreatic β-cells. We recently reported that elevated ROS production and impaired ATP production at high glucose in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat islets are effectively ameliorated by Src inhibition,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db10-0021
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amylin, a 37-amino acid peptide hormone co-secreted with insulin, potently governs the rate of gastric emptying. Hypoglycemia, in the absence of agents such as amylin, is reported to accelerate gastric emptying. We asked whether hypoglycemia had a similar action on gastric emptying in the presence of amylin. In prelim...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.47.1.93
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of insulin on glycogen synthase activity in human diploid fibroblasts has been studied. As little as 2 X 10(-10) M insulin increased the glycogen synthase / activity without changing the total activity. Stimulation occurred within 5 min and became maximal in 30 min. A half-maximal increase of / activity was...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diacare.20.10.806
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired rate-dependent depression (RDD) of the Hoffman reflex is associated with reduced dorsal spinal cord potassium chloride cotransporter expression and impaired spinal γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor function, indicative of spinal inhibitory dysfunction. We have investigated the pathogenesis of impaired RDD i...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-1181
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oleanolic acid (OA), a natural component of many plant food and medicinal herbs, is endowed with a wide range of pharmacological properties whose therapeutic potential has only partly been exploited until now. Throughout complex and multifactorial mechanisms, OA exerts beneficial effects against diabetes and metabolic...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/db12-1215
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to test prospectively in a population sample whether individuals with impaired heart rate variability (HRV) are at increased risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) and of non-CHD mortality and to test whether this relationship is more pronounced among individuals with diabetes....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.12.3524
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the mechanism of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (hnRNP F) renoprotective action in a type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model (db/db). Immortalized rat renal proximal tubular cells (IRPTCs) and kidneys from humans with T2D were also studied. The db/db mice developed hyperglycemia, oxidative stress,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-1588
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysfunctional T cells can mediate autoimmunity, but the inaccessibility of autoimmune tissues and the rarity of autoimmune T cells in the blood hinder their study. We describe a method to enrich and harvest autoimmune T cells in vivo by using a biomaterial scaffold loaded with protein antigens. In model antigen system...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-0946
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Segmental pancreatic allografts with unligated ducts were transplanted intraperitoneally to five diabetic patients who had received renal allografts more than 2 yr earlier. One patient is alive with a functioning graft 10.5 mo later. Two patients rejected their grafts at approximately 2 and 3 mo but are alive 8--9 mo ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.29.1.s10
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiazolidinediones, such as pioglitazone, seem to exert direct antiatherosclerotic and antirestenotic effects on type 2 diabetes, in part due to an induction of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis. We aimed to study the role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in rat aortic VSMC. Pioglitazone at 100 micr...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.3.811
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::IA-2 and IA-2beta are members of the transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase family located in dense core vesicles of neuroendocrine cells, including the beta-cells of pancreatic islets. In the present study, by mating C57BL/6Nci IA-2(+/-) with IA-2beta(+/-) mice, we generated double knockout mice (IA-2(-/-)/IA-2be...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.suppl_2.s46
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00