Abstract：
:DNA methylation and histone modification promote changes in chromatin structure that may affect gene expression in a heritable manner without directly altering the genome. As such, these phenomena are considered to be epigenetic in nature and are believed to contribute to the normal processes of human development but also to aberrant disease states such as cancer. Epigenetic processes probably contribute mechanistically to toxicant-induced changes in gene expression and cancer. Nickel is a potent human carcinogen that has been shown to alter DNA methylation patterns and affect histone acetylation status. Both of these changes are associated with the proximity of the affected regions to heterochromatin. The two processes probably occur in concert in mammalian cells. However, in yeast cells, DNA methylation is absent, and nickel is capable of regulating gene expression through changes in acetylation of the lysine residues in the N terminal tail of histone H4. Arsenic is another important environmental carcinogen, and it is methylated during its metabolism. Hence, it has been proposed that arsenic metabolism may deplete intracellular methyl group stores and thereby lead to changes in DNA methylation that may be involved in carcinogenesis. However, the data concerning DNA methylation changes following arsenic exposure are equivocal, leading researchers to propose that DNA hypo- and hypermethylation are both important in the development of arsenic-induced cancers. Heightened awareness by toxicologists of the importance of epigenetics in normal human development and in carcinogenesis should lead to the identification of other toxicants that manifest their effects, at least in part, via epigenetic mechanisms.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Sutherland JE,Costa Mdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb05970.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-03-01 00:00:00pages
151-60eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
983pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Explanations of the socioeconomic gradient in health status must account for the observations that the gradient cuts across a wide range of disease processes and is capable of replicating itself on new disease processes as they emerge in society. Understanding this pattern requires an understanding of how human organi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08107.x
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The issues of temporal coding and the temporal organization of activity have aroused a great deal of interest in sensory systems, cortex, thalamus, and hippocampus. Strangely, despite the important timing roles attributed to the cerebellum, little consideration has been given to the organization of activity within the...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb07564.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the second synapse in the central gustatory pathway of the rodent, the parabrachial nucleus of the pons (PbN) receives information about taste stimuli directly from the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). Data show that NTS cells amplify taste responses before transmitting taste-related signals to the PbN. NTS cel...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03903.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patient privacy is one of the major issues in the development of modern clinical information system networks. Such networks will have to demonstrate an appropriate concern for privacy as a precondition of operation. Regulatory effectiveness analysis is a novel technique for measuring compliance with a technological re...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb26090.x
更新日期：1992-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Biologics are playing an increasingly significant role in the practice of modern medicine and surgery in general and orthopedics in particular. Cell-based approaches are among the most important and widely used modalities in orthopedic biologics, with mesenchymal stem cells and other multi/pluripotent cells undergoing...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.13575
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCLAs) and antibodies to oxidized-low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) are associated with two distinct diseases: the antiphospholipid syndrome and atherosclerosis. Because both diseases may be apparent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), it is important to establish the relati...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1313.016
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of in situ extraction, fungal elicitation, a permeabilizing agent, and the oxygen transfer rate on shikonin production in transformed suspension and hairy root cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon were studied. Shikonin production with in situ extraction in transformed cell and hairy root cultures by n-hexad...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb44395.x
更新日期：1994-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:In the popular and widely used Atkins diet, the body burns fat as its main fuel. This process produces ketosis and hence increased levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOB) acetoacetate (AcAc) and its by-products acetone and acetol. These products are potential precursors of the glycotoxin methylglyoxal. Since methylglyoxa...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1333.025
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Jopock (Jpk), a transacting factor associated with the position-specific regulatory element of murine Hoxa-7, has shown to induce cell death in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells when introduced and overexpressed. Since Jpk protein harbors a transmembrane domain (TM) and a putative endoplasmic reticulum (ER) -reten...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1397.011
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult animals that had been subjected to a single prolonged episode of maternal deprivation (MD) [24 h, postnatal day (PND) 9-10] show long-term behavioral alterations that resemble specific symptoms of schizophrenia. Moreover, at adolescence MD rats showed depressive-like behavior and altered motor responses. Accordi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03979.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of ustekinumab as a first-in-class anti-interleukin (IL) 12/23p40 therapeutic agent for psoriasis represents an important example of modern and rational drug design and development. Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, immune-mediated skin disorder with considerable clinical, psychosocial, and economic bu...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.05963.x
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Needle free jet injection guns have been used extensively in both veterinary and human health to deliver both vaccine and drugs, but in recent years, concerns have mounted for their potential to transmit blood borne disease agents among consecutive vaccinates. A Ped-O-Jet type jet injection device was used to deliver ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05361.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-polio syndrome (PPS) describes the clinical onset of progressive muscular weakness many years after survival of acute paralytic poliomyelitis, often in muscle groups clinically unaffected by the original disease process. Prior pathologic descriptions of this often disabling, but not usually fatal, syndrome have b...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb27544.x
更新日期：1995-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth and pubertal disturbances are the commonest endocrinopathies in homozygous thalassemia, accounting for significant morbidity in 70-80% children and adolescents globally. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of the endocrinopathy from a historical perspective and altered natural history induced by better c...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05589.x
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Syndrome X is a clinical syndrome in which multiple risks cluster in an individual, and it is a common basis of vascular disease in the industrial countries. The molecular basis of Syndrome X, however, has not been elucidated. We have analyzed body fat distribution using CT scan and have shown that people who have acc...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07793.x
更新日期：1999-11-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors present a multifactorial model for the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in homosexual men. It is posited that there is no specific AIDS agent; rather, AIDS is conceptualized as the result of an interaction of the known or likely effects of repeated exposures to specific environment...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb37134.x
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common characteristic of all neurodegenerative diseases. However, the cause of this dysfunction remains a mystery. Here, we discuss the potential role of mitochondrial fission and fusion in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Specifically, we propose that an imbalanc...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1427.030
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Communication by chemical (pheromone) signals is important in many species, including mammals. Chemosensory and hormonal systems can interact in at least two ways: (i) chemosensory input, especially but not exclusively that through the vomeronasal organ, may elicit hormonal release, which, in turn, may facilitate beha...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10596.x
更新日期：1998-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The same retinal image motion can be produced by a variety of combinations of eye and target motion. In natural conditions, extraretinal information disambiguates retinal information for motion perception. By controlling the timing of visual motion with respect to saccades, it was possible to appraise the roles for mo...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1325.015
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although very few measurements have appeared in the open literature and there seems to be a controversy about the existence of the NDR phenomenon in molecules, the prospects of building such systems have attracted significant attention. In the work reported in this paper we used a model based on DFT calculations of th...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1292.004
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) and the more recently discovered fructosamine-3-kinase-related protein (FN3KRP) appear to protect proteins from nonenzymatic glycation. To gain a better understanding of these enzymes we performed a series of investigations including (1) in silico comparisons of their promoters; (2) real-t...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1333.095
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In preindustrial settings, biological, economic, and social mechanisms caused fertility to respond to feedback signals from population size variation in such a way as to steer populations toward equilibrium levels. It is unlikely that the relevant signal was population density; more plausibly the signal was economic w...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb30425.x
更新日期：1994-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Amperometry is a powerful tool for studying the exocytotic process. Catecholamines released from a single secretory vesicle are oxidized by a carbon fiber microelectrode placed on a chromaffin cell membrane. This phenomenon can be recorded online as an amperometric signal. Each event of exocytosis is called a secretor...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04544.x
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Every year thousands of young teenagers are afflicted with different types of cancer and receive gonadotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens, causing depletion of germ cells in the gonads and premature gonadal failure. In this review, we discuss and outline the current strategies and the future directions of fe...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1429.033
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rituximab (RTX) is currently used in many diseases, but its efficacy and safety in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLEj) is still unknown. In this chapter we present four case reports of children treated with RTX: three SLE and one immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Two of the three SLEj patients had class ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04804.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes and serotoninergic neurons play a role in central nervous system (CNS) development, probably through serotonin (5HT) stimulation of the glial 5HT(1A) receptor. Activation of 5HT(1A) receptors causes the release of S-100 beta, a glial derived growth factor. In vitro, astrocytes are profoundly altered by chro...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04176.x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the functional response to human relaxin 2 (H2 relaxin), human relaxin 3 (H3 relaxin), porcine relaxin, and human INSL3 in the cytosensor microphysiometer, using CHO-K1 cells stably expressing human GPCR135. CHO-K1 cells stably expressing GPCR135 were generated by the serial dilution method and rec...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1282.053
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several reports indicate the presence of infection with Anaplasma phagocytophila in Europe. The first case with confirmed human granulocytic ehrlichiosis was reported from Slovenia in 1997. By 2002, 13 patients have been discovered in a prospective study on the etiology of febrile illnesses occurring within six weeks ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07377.x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on the relation found to exist between low CSF 5-HIAA and suicide attempt, in particular violent suicide attempt, both in depressed and in so-called nondepressed suicide attempters, the conclusion was drawn that decreased central 5-HT metabolism is related to (auto)aggression, rather than to depression. We chall...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb27895.x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene regulation mechanisms have evolved allowing cells to finetune the level of "endogenous" oxidative stress and to cope with increased free radicals from external sources. Levels of H2O2 are tightly controlled in E. coli by OxyR, which is activated by H2O2 to increase scavenging activities and limit H2O2 generation ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06177.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
