Abstract:
:Two different doses of cefaclor advanced formulation (AF), a new sustained-release formulation of cefaclor, were compared with the regular formulation of cefaclor for efficacy and safety in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria. A 7-day course of treatment was used, and the trials were double-dummy and double-blind. In one trial, cefaclor AF 500 mg once daily (at night) was compared with cefaclor 250 mg three times a day. Satisfactory clinical and bacteriological responses were found in 179/189 (94.7%) and 160/191 (83.8%) patients, respectively, given cefaclor AF and in 82/87 (94.3%) and 74/90 (82.2%) patients given cefaclor, 5-9 days after the end of treatment. In the other trial, cefaclor AF 375 mg twice daily was compared with cefaclor 250 mg three times a day. Satisfactory clinical and bacteriological responses were obtained in 164/180 (91.1%) and 156/184 (84.8%) patients, respectively, given cefaclor AF, and in 86/92 (93.5%) and 81/93 (87.1%) patients taking cefaclor, 5-9 days after the end of treatment. Very similar results were found in both studies in those patients who were assessable 3-5 weeks later. Only 4.3% and 2.4% of patients treated with cefaclor AF (375 mg and 500 mg, respectively) and 2.2% of cefaclor patients discontinued therapy due to adverse events. The three most commonly reported events were vaginal moniliasis or vaginitis (8.6%), headache (5.0%) and nausea (4.8%). No significant differences were found between clinical efficacy and safety parameters in the different study groups, and it was concluded that cefaclor AF in a twice-daily or once-daily dosage is as effective and as safe as the currently recommened three-times-a-day dosage of cefaclor.
journal_name
Postgrad Med Jjournal_title
Postgraduate medical journalauthors
Hamilton-Miller JM,Iravani A,Brumfitt W,Byers KS,Dere WHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
S60-6; discussion S66-7eissn
0032-5473issn
1469-0756journal_volume
68 Suppl 3pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验abstract::Several cardiorespiratory diseases can complicate human immunodeficiency virus infection. Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare clinical disorder which carries a bad prognosis. More than 90 cases of HIV-associated primary pulmonary hypertension have been reported to date. Although its pathogenesis remains unknown, ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.74.873.400
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multi-centre double-blind randomized study is reported in which the effect on mortality of oral disopyramide (300 mg loading dose, then 100 mg qds) was compared with placebo in 1985 patients entering hospital with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Treatment was commenced with 24 hr of onset of symptoms (mean ti...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/pgmj.60.700.98
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ulcerative colitis is not commonly associated with recognizable pulmonary disease and only four sporadic cases of sarcoidosis in association with ulcerative colitis have been previously reported. However, in a series of 680 patients with ulcerative colitis, pulmonary or extra-pulmonary sarcoidosis has at some stage be...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.62.727.341
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central venous catheterization is not without hazard. Inadvertent placement in the pleural space can occur without the development of a pneumothorax and pressure measurements may appear misleadingly normal. This case report illustrates an effective method of diagnosing and draining an iatrogenic hydrothorax which resu...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.778.672
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute haemodynamic effects of endralazine, a new hydralazine-like vasodilating agent, were studied in 6 patients with stable angina pectoris and proven coronary artery disease. Twenty minutes after intravenous administration of 5 mg endralazine heart rate and cardiac index increase, while mean arterial blood press...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of rehabilitation medicine is outlined in terms of its objectives, its methods, the patient groups which it seeks to help and its relationships to other specialties. Some major advances of recent years are discussed, such as the development of the impairment/disability/handicap framework. With particular em...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.71.841.665
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present an unusual case of extreme metabolic alkalosis resulting from severe hypokalaemia caused by unmonitored fludrocortisone therapy. Biochemical aspects of the disorder are discussed, as is the successful treatment with diuretics and potassium replacement. Some dangers of this therapy and necessary precautions ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.694.506
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion therapy with thrombolytic agents may be associated with bradyarrhythmias, and there may be a case for 'prophylactic' insertion of a temporary pacing wire in selected patients. We describe 4 patients in whom clinical decisions had to be made concerning the appropriatenes...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.67.789.649
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A woman aged 35 years from the Philippines presented with epigastric discomfort associated with an epigastric mass. On examination the liver was markedly enlarged. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.65.762.233
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Priapism is a pathological condition of penile erection that persists beyond, or is unrelated to, sexual stimulation. Pathologically and clinically, two subtypes are seen-the high flow (non-ischaemic) variety and the low flow (ischaemic) priapism. The low flow type is more dangerous, as these patients are susceptible ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2005.037291
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antenatal appendicular perforation leading to localized meconium peritonitis and intestinal obstruction is reported in a premature neonate. The baby was successfully treated by a limited ileocaecal resection. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.745.1001
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerged infectious disease with a significant morbidity and mortality. The major clinical features include persistent fever, chills/rigor, myalgia, malaise, dry cough, headache, and dyspnoea. Older subjects may present without the typical febrile response. Common lab...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.020263
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraperitoneal free gas seen radiologically as air under the diaphragm nearly always indicates a perforated abdominal viscus that requires surgical intervention. Rarely, however, the presence of a pneumoperitoneum may not indicate an intra-abdominal perforation and thus may not require laparotomy. Such a situation is...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.73.863.531
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:How medical students learn and develop the characteristics associated with good teaching in medicine is not well known. Information about this process can improve the academic preparation of medical students for teaching responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to determine how different experiences cont...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2006.045393
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present anti-racial discrimination legislation in the United Kingdom is embodied in the 1976 Race Relations Act. In essence this Act attempts to avoid any form of direct or indirect discrimination on the basis of racial or ethnic origin. However, health professionals are acutely aware that there are important raci...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.782.1043
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current maintenance immunosuppressive regimens for transplantation are based on three classes of drugs: corticosteroids, immunophilin-binding agents (eg, cyclosporin and tacrolimus), and antimetabolites (eg, azathioprine and mycophenolate). Drugs from the various classes inhibit the immune system at different points a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.73.861.386
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis of the appendix is rare. It is usually secondary to tuberculosis elsewhere in the abdomen. Tuberculosis of the appendix is not associated with any specific clinical features and diagnosis is revealed only after histopathological examination. Appendicectomy should be performed in all patients with abdomina...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.744.855
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome and nephrotic range proteinuria is presented. Radiological investigation of the urinary tract revealed clubbed calyces but no evidence of obstruction or vesicoureteric reflux. Renal biopsy revealed occasional sclerotic glomeruli, extensive foot-process fusion and segmental g...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.64.754.621
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weekly low dose methotrexate is an established treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, but its use in elderly people has not been adequately examined. The aim of this study was to evaluate its safety in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A retrospective review of the clinical records of rheumatoid arthritis patie...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.76.902.787
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with seven attacks of acute glomerulonephritis is described. Following each attack renal function returned to normal. Investigations strongly suggested immune complex disease as the cause of the nephritis but extensive tests failed to define the antigen. The possibility of an exogenous self-administered anti...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.687.60
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A girl of 12 years old presented with acute small bowel obstruction nine weeks after an uncomplicated appendicectomy. The obstruction was found to be due to the development of sclerosing peritonitis. Previous reports of this rare condition have suggested that it is predominantly found in adolescent girls residing in s...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.61.719.841
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need to restrain service users will vary according to the area of practice within which practitioners are employed. Many of the principles that relate to the issue of restraining service users are, however, applicable to all, or most, health and social care settings. While the emphasis should be on pre-emptive act...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.2003.007302
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shaken baby syndrome is the most common cause of death or serious neurological injury resulting from child abuse. It is specific to infancy, when children have unique anatomic features. Subdural and retinal haemorrhages are markers of shaking injury. An American radiologist, John Caffey, coined the name whiplash shake...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.926.732
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gradenigo's syndrome, which is characterised by the triad of suppurative otitis media, pain in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve, and abducens nerve palsy may give rise to potentially fatal complications. Knowledge of the aetiology and appropriate investigations can lead to early diagnosis. A case is reported w...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.76.899.559
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric cancer is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. There are several risk factors, with occupation emerging as one of these. There is considerable evidence that occupations in coal and tin mining, metal processing, particularly steel and iron, and rubber manufacturing industries lead to an increased ris...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.931.252
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prospective measurements of serum thyrotrophin and thyroxine concentrations were made in six patients with primary hypothyroidism treated consecutively with an incremental regimen of oral thyroxine. A fall in thyrotrophin occurred over several months, accompanied by a concurrent slow rise in serum thyroxine. Those pat...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.62.723.11
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micronutrients play a central part in metabolism and in the maintenance of tissue function. An adequate intake therefore is necessary, but provision of excess supplements to people who do not need them may be harmful. Single micronutrient deficiency states are comparatively easily recognised and treated. Subclinical d...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2006.047670
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Verrucous carcinoma is a rare skin malignancy of squamous cell origin. It is characterised by negligible cellular atypia and a low mitotic rate. These are reflected in slow locally invasive behaviour and very infrequent metastatic spread. The tumour is also recognised in oral and anogenital sites. Cutaneous lesions pr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.75.889.674
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with severe dothiepin intoxication are described. The management of these cases is discussed and we draw attention to the prolonged elimination half-life of dothiepin and its metabolites, and the implication for treatment. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.60.704.442
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue auto-antibodies were investigated in fifty-one patients (twenty-five female, twenty-six male) receiving practolol for ischaemic heart disease or dysrhythmias and compared with those found in 204 patients (fifty-eight female, 146 male) with ischaemic heart disease who did not receive practolol. Antinuclear facto...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.53.616.75
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00