Abstract:
:Micronutrients play a central part in metabolism and in the maintenance of tissue function. An adequate intake therefore is necessary, but provision of excess supplements to people who do not need them may be harmful. Single micronutrient deficiency states are comparatively easily recognised and treated. Subclinical deficiency, often of multiple micronutrients, is more difficult to recognise, and laboratory assessment is often complicated by the acute phase response. Clinical benefit is most likely in those people who are severely depleted and at risk of complications, and is unlikely if this is not the case. There is little evidence for supplements leading to a reduction in the incidence of infections in the elderly population, in coronary artery disease, or in malignant disease. The best evidence for benefit is in critical illness, and in children in developing countries consuming a deficient diet. More clinical trials are required with good clinical outcomes to optimise intake in prevention and treatment of disease.
journal_name
Postgrad Med Jjournal_title
Postgraduate medical journalauthors
Shenkin Adoi
10.1136/pgmj.2006.047670subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
559-67issue
971eissn
0032-5473issn
1469-0756pii
82/971/559journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We report the case of a 58 year old man in whom an unusually prolonged infection with Toxoplasma gondii was the presenting feature of an underlying non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This case demonstrates the particular usefulness of the IgM ELISA test in monitoring disease activity. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.64.757.883
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review examines the appropriate timing of intervention in acute pancreatitis. In gallstone pancreatitis, it is now clear that cholecystectomy during the primary admission carries no greater risk of complications than delayed cholecystectomy and enables earlier recovery to normal activity. This course of action pr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.69.813.509
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two coronary prognostic indices for patients treated in a coronary care unit, namely the Norris Index and the Chapman-Gray Index were compared. Both were found to be reliable but the Chapman-Gray Index with its ready reckoner was more convenient and was subject to fewer subjective data. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.55.642.255
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two hundred and sixty one patients attending a geriatric service were asked to give details of their usual medications without reference to drug bottles or written lists. Recall was tested in 4 categories: name of drugs, drug dosage, frequency of administration, and reason for the drug being prescribed. Drug recall wa...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.772.116
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The causes of death, as determined by autopsy, in 10 patients dying from the acute effects of phaeochromocytoma were myocardial infarction (five patients), left ventricular failure (two patients), cerebral haemorrhage (two patients) and circulatory collapse with malignant phaeochromocytoma (one patient). Most patients...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.60.700.111
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is a paradigm in cancer treatment that early detection and treatment improves survival. However, although screening measures lead to a higher rate of detection, for small bulk localised prostate cancer it remains unclear whether early detection and early treatment will lead to an overall decrease in mortality. The ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.924.590
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An 84 year old woman who was a heavy smoker presented with clinical features suggestive of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease complicated by left ventricular failure. She responded poorly to treatment and then the finding of stridor, only when she was in the supine position, led to the diagnosis of...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.70.830.910
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-six patients with acute leukaemia and other malignancies susceptible to varicella were vaccinated with the Oka-strain live attenuated varicella vaccine during maintenance chemotherapy. All recipients showed no adverse clinical reactions. There was no spread of vaccine virus. Seroconversion was 94% in seronegati...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::104 consecutive patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding admitted to a district general hospital over a period of 20 months were considered for laser photocoagulation. 58 patients were found to have peptic ulcers, of which 42 had stigmata of recent haemorrhage accessible to laser photocoagulation. 17 were treated...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/pgmj.61.711.19
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The case of a woman with a large benign villous papilloma of the rectum, presenting with sodium and water depletion and later complicated by persistent hypokalaemia, is described. The patient also suffered from primary hypogonadism and diabetes. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.41.474.186
更新日期:1965-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the Balkan context education in general practice varies greatly and it is in different stages of reorganisation and curriculum development. The postgraduate training in family medicine in Albania started in January 1997 with the goal of providing future family doctors with the proper knowledge, skills, attitudes, a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.919.308
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::High flow arteriogenic priapism is uncommon and usually occurs after trauma to the genitoperineal area. The onset of prolonged erection can be delayed and is often relatively pain free. Arteriography in this case illustrated the causative bilateral arteriocavernosal fistulae and pseudoaneurysms. Treatment consisted of...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.77.905.193
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Two questions were addressed: (1) How much physical activity do patients with diabetes perform? (2) What are the perceived factors that prevent patients from doing more physical activity? RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Interview based questionnaires were distributed to consecutive patients attending the Diabetes ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.010553
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute retinal necrosis (ARN), also known as Kirisawa-type uveitis, is an uncommon condition caused by infection of the retina by one of the herpes family of viruses, most typically varicella zoster virus or herpes simplex virus and less commonly cytomegalovirus. Clinical diagnosis can be challenging and is often aided...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-301983rep
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports a clinical study of 20 cases of gangrenous ulcers of the scrotum and/or of the penis (Fournier's gangrene) and a review of previous publications. Even though found mostly in elderly male patients, the disease spares no age group and can involve the external genitalia in neonates and women as well. T...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.70.826.568
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epidemiological and family studies suggest that lung cancer results from the combined effects of age, smoking and genetic factors. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is also an independent risk factor for lung cancer and coexists in 40-60% of lung cancer cases. METHODS:In a two-stage case-control ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2008.077107
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Common bile duct perforation causing biliary peritonitis is an unusual entity and a pancreatic calculus causing this perforation is all the more rare, and to our knowledge has not been reported previously. Such an unusual presentation of chronic calcific pancreatitis is herein reported. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.68.804.837
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of a 66 year old woman with clinical manifestations of giant-cell arteritis, positive temporal artery biopsy and excellent response to prednisone, who developed massive cerebral infarcts after 5 days of treatment. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed multiple infarcts i...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.70.821.228
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Mirizzi syndrome is an unusual presentation of gallstones which occurs when a gallstone becomes impacted in either Hartmann's pouch of the gallbladder or the cystic duct, causing obstruction of the common hepatic duct by extrinsic compression. The diagnosis of this syndrome is of importance because surgery in its ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.73.862.487
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of clomipramine were examined in a group of depressed patients, 8 female and 2 male with a mean age of 51 years (range 21-78). Their mean clomipramine half-life was 36 hours and mean plasma clomipramine clearance 73 litres per hour, with a wide range in each case. These resul...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a dramatic change in the way that resuscitation decisions are made for older hospital inpatients in the UK. In less than 20 years many geriatric medicine wards have moved from an "opt-in" policy (where the default position is not to provide resuscitation) to a position where resuscitation is widely avai...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2009.082990
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify the consultation activities of clinical ethics committees (CECs) in the UK and the views of CEC chairpersons regarding such activities. METHODS:An anonymous, password-protected online questionnaire was sent by e-mail to 70 CEC chairpersons. The questionnaire contained 14 items. RESULTS:Of the 70...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2008.075879
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Approximately 366 million people worldwide live with diabetes and this figure is expected to rise. Among the correct diagnosis, there will be errors in the diagnosis, classification and coding, resulting in adverse health and financial implications. AIM:To determine the prevalence and characteristics of d...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2013-132068
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of second-generation calcium antagonists are dihydropyridines, some of which show vascular selectivity. Several new dihydropyridines have been developed with comparable pharmacodynamic properties to existing calcium antagonists in this class and greatly improved kinetic half-lives. Of these agents, amlodi...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is now accumulating on both clinical and experimental grounds that the retina is an a priori source of inflammatory activity. Reactive inflammation in the retina may produce many of the clinical signs previously ascribed to uveal inflammation. Autoimmune mechanisms are probably responsible for the majority of...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.64.753.488
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryoglobulinaemia may cause cutaneous vasculitis and glomerulonephritis, potentially leading to end stage renal failure. An important proportion of cryoglobulinaemias are secondary to hepatitis C virus infection. Emerging antiviral treatment options offer a chance for causal therapy of these cases of cryoglobulinaemia...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2006.046078
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report what we believe is the first recorded case of Mondor's disease associated with metastatic lung cancer presenting in the breast. An association between Mondor's disease and primary breast cancer has been described previously. In patients with Mondor's disease and primary breast cancer has been described previ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.65.768.779
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improvements in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging now permit diagnostic images of the fetus to be obtained. Ultrasound remains vital in all aspects of fetal imaging but MR provides a useful second line imaging test. Its value is best researched in fetal central nervous system disorders but it can be applied in other are...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2009.083543
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Left ventricular function was evaluated non-invasively in hypertensive patients treated with indapamide by means of echographically determined velocity of circumferential fibre shortening (VCF). A statistically significant reduction in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both the standing and supine position...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports of malignant melanoma involving the heart usually describe metastatic spread of pigmented (melanotic) forms of this tumour. We describe, and illustrate, a patient presenting with features related to cardiac tamponade and intracardiac obstruction. Transthoracic echocardiography initially showed a large mass wit...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2007.065540
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00