Abstract:
:Studies were performed in the opossum to define the role of the L-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation to swallowing and vagal stimulation in viv and intramural nerve stimulation in vitro. In vivo, L-NAME, a water soluble NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, caused antagonism of LES relaxation due to reflex-induced swallowing. L-NAME (20 mg/kg i.v.) reduced the amplitude of swallow induced relaxation from 88% to 28%. LES relaxation due to electrical stimulation of peripheral end of decentralized vagus nerve was also antagonized. The effects of L-NAME were reversed by L-arginine, but not by D-arginine. L-NAME treatment did not antagonize LES relaxation to intravenous administration of isoproterenol. In vitro, NO and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) caused a decrease in the sphincter tone. The relaxing effect caused by NO and SNP was not antagonized by tetrodotoxin or omega-conotoxin. Inhibitors of NO synthase, L-NMMA and L-NNA, caused slight increase in the spontaneous resting LES tone and concentration-dependent antagonism of electrical field stimulation (EFS) induced LES relaxation. L-NNA (10(-4)M) abolished EFS induced LES relaxation at low frequencies (less than 5 Hz) and antagonized the relaxation to a value 20% of the control at 20 Hz. The antagonistic action of L-NMMA and L-NNA was unaffected by D-arginine but was reversed by L-arginine. The inhibitory effect of NO, SNP, or two other putative inhibitory neurotransmitters (VIP and CGRP) on the LES was not antagonized by L-NNA. These studies show that inhibitors of NO synthase selectively antagonize LES relaxation to all three modes of intramural inhibitory nerve stimulation including physiological swallowing. These studies suggest that the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway is involved in physiological relaxation of the LES.
journal_name
Life Scijournal_title
Life sciencesauthors
Yamato S,Saha JK,Goyal RKdoi
10.1016/0024-3205(92)90326-ksubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
1263-72issue
17eissn
0024-3205issn
1879-0631pii
0024-3205(92)90326-Kjournal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
LIFE SCIENCES文献大全abstract::The rate of oxidation of sparteine by the 9000 x g supernatant fraction of a human liver was measured in the presence of various drugs which exert cardiovascular effects. Hexamethonium, ouabain, caffeine and isoproterenol had no effect on this rate, while alprenolol, metoprolol, oxprenolol, propranolol, timolol, pindo...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90332-1
更新日期:1984-01-02 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Doxorubicin is a widely used anthracycline derivative anticancer drug. Unfortunately, the clinical use of doxorubicin has the serious drawback of cardiotoxicity. In this study, we investigated whether baicalein, a bioflavonoid, can prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and we delineated the possible u...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2015.11.018
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report documents studies on the spontaneous reactivation of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and human serum butyrylcholinesterase following inhibition by organophosphinate esters. The spontaneous reactivation reactions were carried out at 26.0 degrees C in 0.10 M phosphate buffer of pH 7.6. Based upon resu...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(85)90553-3
更新日期:1985-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic voluntary running of mice is known to increase the circadian peak of plasma corticosterone without change in the level of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). In order to investigate how chronic exercise modulates the circadian HPA axis, we used two weeks of voluntary wheel running of mice and confirmed the sig...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.10.023
更新日期:2007-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Cold acclimation increases the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and this is associated with both a general hypertrophy of the tissue and a selective increase in the proportion of a specific 32,000 molecular weight, GDP-binding protein in the mitochondrial membrane. This protein regulates the activity...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90081-x
更新日期:1984-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in a range from 0.1 to 100 micrograms induced a dose-related increase in blood pressure in conscious rats, whereas TRH-free acid (TRH-OH) and histidyl-proline diketopiperazine (His-Pro-DKP), metabolites of TRH, did not. The blood pr...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(87)90586-8
更新日期:1987-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::The substituted glucopyranose ring structure 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CDEX) increases the solubility of molecules by inclusion of the agent in the lipophilic interior of the ring. This property is of particular use for the administration of molecules by the intracerebral (ICV) or intrathecal (IT) routes. In ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(91)90537-l
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since reduced levels of brain serotonin are known to cause behavioural abnormalities, to which diabetics are also prone, we investigated the effect, in rats, of chronic diabetes on brain serotonin concentration and on the numbers of 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT2 receptors in cerebral cortex and brainstem. Our data show that stre...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00084-2
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Keratinocytes are the predominant cells in the epidermis, exerting their primary role of physical barrier through sophisticated differentiation process. In addition, keratinocytes contribute to the activation of innate immunity, providing the surveillant role against external pathogens. It has been known that chro...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.05.023
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Trichosanthin (TCS) is a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) effective against HIV-1 and HSV-1 replication. The mechanism of its antiviral activity is not clear. Many believe that it is related to ribosome inactivation. Some RIPs and viral infection affect the phosphorylation of MAPK and Bcl-2 and these protein...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.03.047
更新日期:2006-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) C-terminal fragment 4-9, which facilitates learning and memory, on the extracellular acetylcholine (ACh) release in hippocampus of freely-moving rats using the microdialysis technique. Following administration of AVP4-9, p-Glu-Asn-Cys[Cys]-Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2, through ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(92)90087-6
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dynorphin-converting enzyme (DCE) has been studied after voluntary exercise in the spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rat. The exercise consisted of spontaneous running in wheels for 4-5 weeks and the average running distance during the last two weeks was 4.0 km/24h. CSF sampl...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(93)90274-7
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) development was studied in male guinea pigs in response to chronic treatment with procainamide, hydralazine, acetanilide or caffeine. Acetanilide and caffeine have not previously been associated with ANA induction. Fifty-one weanling Hartley guinea pigs were divided into five groups which ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90653-1
更新日期:1982-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::We contrast the effects of three intermediate electron acceptors (IEAs) on the highly quantitative ESTA bioassay for human growth hormone. This is a microculture tetrazolium assay based upon the in vitro reduction of the tetrazolium salt MTT, by Nb2 cells which have been activated with hGH. Each of the IEAs influenced...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(96)00512-7
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. However, the biological and molecular mechanisms underlying this disease remain unclear. Stress, a disposing factor in the development of depression, leads to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation and glucocorticoids release. Glucocorticoids at phys...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.022
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Limited clinical and experimental studies indicate that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may inhibit gastric cancer growth. However, the mechanisms involved are not completely understood and cannot be explained by COX-2 inhibition alone. MAPK signaling pathway is essential for cell proliferation...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01411-4
更新日期:2001-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Many authors have documented a high level of expression of class II HLA molecules by decidua. Although macrophages appear to be responsible for this, we show in this article that endothelial cells (EC) of the venules and capillaries of human decidua also strongly express class II molecules, whereas EC of chorionic vil...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(93)90635-g
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyaluronan (HA) is a multifunctional high molecular weight polysaccharide found throughout the animal kingdom, especially in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of soft connective tissues. HA is thought to participate in many biological processes, and its level is markedly elevated during embryogenesis, cell migration, wou...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2007.02.037
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Although approving new anticonvulsants was a major breakthrough in the field of epilepsy control, so far we have met limited success in almost one third of patients suffering from epilepsy and a definite and reliable method is yet to be found. Levosimendan demonstrated neuroprotective effects and reduced mortality...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.11.006
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is provided for the abilities of endogenous 6-(Arg or Lys)-opioid peptides to interact with kappa-receptors as agonists. Dynorphin-(1-17) and -(1-8), alpha- and beta-neo-endorphin, [Met5]-enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7 and des acetyl salmon endorphin I significantly inhibited the electrically-evoked contractions of rab...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90191-6
更新日期:1982-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of cadmium (Cd2+) was studied in vitro on the flavokinase (ATP : riboflavin 5'-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.26) activity purified from rat liver. Cadmium inhibited flavokinase activity in a concentration-dependent manner and the effect was completely reversed by increasing concentration of zinc (Zn2+), indi...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00151-3
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of gonadal steroids on the response to analgesia testing was determined in castrated male and female rats and castrated male and female rats treated with testosterone propionate (TP) and estradiol benzoate (EB), respectively. The time to respond to a noxious somatic stimulus in the form of heat was assessed...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(89)90631-0
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a mood stabilizer lamotrigine (LMG) on learning and memory processes using Morris water maze (MWM), modified elevated plus maze (mEPM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests. MAIN METHODS:Balb-c mice were used. LMG were injected (20; 40mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p....
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2012.09.020
更新日期:2012-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) conjugated with surface 83-14 monoclonal antibody (8314MAb) and anti-epithelial growth factor receptor (AEGFR) were synthesized and applied to permeate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and inhibit the growth of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). MAIN METHODS:8314MAb and AEGFR were crossl...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.025
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of cAMP on cytokine (interferon-gamma plus tumor necrosis factor-alpha)-induced stimulation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The cytokine mixture caused a marked increase in the biosynthesis and release of BH4 by HUVEC. Dibutyryl-cAMP prod...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01503-5
更新日期:2002-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Opiate binding sites have been characterized on membranes from bovine adrenal medullas and six human pheochromocytomas. In human tumors, large variations in site distribution were observed. Kappa and benzomorphan sites represented the majority of the sites detected. The heterogeneity of the opiate sites on these tissu...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(83)90501-5
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Fructose administration induces hepatic oxidative stress, insulin resistance, inflammatory and metabolic changes. We tested their potential pathogenic relationship and whether these alterations can be prevented by R/S-α-lipoic acid. MAIN METHODS:Wistar rats received during 21days a commercial diet or the same die...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2015.07.010
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Transient ischemia of osteoporotic bones during elective orthopedic surgery or fracture repair carries risks for serious complications, and estrogen loss or replacement has a potential to influence ischemia-reperfusion-induced inflammatory activation. To clarify this, we investigated the periosteal inflammatory ch...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2010.11.004
更新日期:2011-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::The muscarinic pharmacology of C1-methyl-substituted chiral compounds related to McN-A-343 and of (R)- and (S)-dimethindene has been studied. Among the McN-A-343 analogues, the (S)-enantiomers were more potent and had higher affinity than the (R)-isomers. The quaternary compound (S)-BN 228 was found to be the most pot...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(95)00015-x
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aims of the study are to investigate whether the combination of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) with decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) of myocardium can exert synergistic therapeutic effects on acute MI and the underlying mechanism. MAIN METHODS:Myocardial dECM from fresh porcine myocardium was pr...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116891
更新日期:2019-12-15 00:00:00