Abstract:
:Nerve growth factor (NGF) is required for the survival of developing sympathetic and sensory neurons. In the absence of NGF, these neurons undergo protein synthesis-dependent apoptosis. Ten years have gone by since the first reports of specific genes being upregulated during NGF deprivation-induced cell death. Over the last decade, a few additional genes (DP5, Bim, SM-20) have been added to a list that began with cyclin D1 and c-jun. In this chapter, we discuss the evidence that these genes act as regulators of neuronal cell death. We also suggest a hypothesis for how one gene, SM-20, may function to suppress a self-protection mechanism in NGF-deprived neurons.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Freeman RS,Burch RL,Crowder RJ,Lomb DJ,Schoell MC,Straub JA,Xie Ldoi
10.1016/S0079-6123(03)46008-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
111-26eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(03)46008-1journal_volume
146pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章,评审abstract::Network oscillations are proposed to provide the framework for the ongoing neural computations of the brain. Thus, an important aspect of understanding the functional roles of various cell classes in the brain is to understand the relationship of cellular activity to the ongoing oscillations. While many studies have c...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)63012-X
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium binding proteins, such as calretinin, are abundantly expressed in distinctive patterns in the central nervous system but their physiological function remains poorly understood. Calretinin is expressed in cerebellar granule cells which provide the major excitatory input to Purkinje cells through parallel fibers...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(04)48025-X
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter reviews four key issues that must be addressed to advance our knowledge of control of head movement by the central nervous system (CNS). (1) Researchers must consider how the CNS utilizes the multiple muscle patterns that can produce the same head movement in carrying out tasks in an optimal way. (2) More...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(03)43035-5
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The studies reviewed in this chapter present a convincing argument that prostaglandins have direct actions at the level of the spinal cord to enhance nociception. Furthermore, an increasing body of evidence supports the hypothesis that one important site of action of these eicosanoids is the terminals of sensory neuro...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61801-4
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A computational model of the mammalian spinal cord circuitry incorporating a two-level central pattern generator (CPG) with separate half-center rhythm generator (RG) and pattern formation (PF) networks is reviewed. The model consists of interacting populations of interneurons and motoneurons described in the Hodgkin-...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)65015-2
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The BBB is a target for some peptide signals, as demonstrated by our group for arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and atriopeptin (ANP). Peptide molecules contacting the luminal surface of endothelial cells interact with specific high-affinity binding sites. The minimal simple diffusion of peptide molecules across the layer o...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62330-4
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The organization of key molecules at glutamatergic synapses in the rat cerebellar cortex as analyzed by high resolution immunocytochemical techniques using gold particles as markers. The distinct compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine was consistent with biochemical data indicating an active role of glia in the r...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63360-9
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present contribution, the various functional interpretations concerning the putative function of the orbital prefrontal cortex are reviewed since this region and adjacent areas are considered the neural substrate of social behavior in general, and decision-making behavior in particular. This literature review r...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(09)01306-5
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epileptic seizures cause dynamic, reversible changes in brain function and are often associated with loss of consciousness. Of all seizure types, absence seizures lead to the most selective deficits in consciousness, with relatively little motor or other manifestations. Impaired consciousness in absence seizures is no...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(05)50020-7
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research has outlined how self-regulation is crucial to the decision-making processes and pacing of endurance performance. There is evidence to suggest that executive function is implicated in self-regulatory processes, as the two are conceptually similar and share common brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex. T...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.09.011
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artistic ability and creativity are defining characteristics of human behavior. Behavioral neurology, as a specialty, believes that even the most complex behaviors can be modeled and understood as the summation of smaller cognitive functions. Literature from individuals with specific brain lesions has helped to map ou...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-63287-6.00005-1
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the target article, Hardy and colleagues provided an incisive analysis of retrospectively reported psychosocial factors associated with the development and careers of 32 former athletes from Olympic sports. They found that Super-Elite athletes ("serial" medal winners at major international championships, i.e., Worl...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.006
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective attention is an important aspect of brain function that we need in coping with the immense and constant barrage of sensory information. One model of attention (Feature Integration Theory) that suggests an early selection of spatial locations of objects via an attentional spotlight would also solve the 'bindi...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(01)34020-7
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter reviews research that focuses on the effects of emotionality of single words, and of simple phrases, on event-related brain potentials when these are presented visually in various tasks. In these studies, presentation of emotionally evocative language material has consistently elicited a late (c. 300-600 ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)56009-1
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter reviews the neurological phenotype of Down syndrome (DS) in early development, childhood, and aging. Neuroanatomic abnormalities in DS are manifested as aberrations in gross brain structure as well as characteristic microdysgenetic changes. As the result of these morphological abnormalities, brain circuit...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-54299-1.00006-6
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::By blocking electrical activity in the cerebellar cortex the Purkinje cell dendrites become a uniform territory with a high density of spines all bearing the glutamate receptor delta2 subunit (GluRdelta2) and being mainly innervated by parallel fibers. Such a subunit, which is constitutively targeted specifically to t...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(04)48005-4
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) typically damages the long axonal tracts of the spinal cord which results in permanent disability. However, regeneration of the injured spinal cord is approaching reality according to the advances in stem cell biology. Cell transplantation therapy holds potential to lead to recovery following ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.12.007
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular and ionic mechanisms that generate the rhythm in central pattern generator (CPG) networks for simple movements are not well understood. Using vertebrate locomotion, respiration and mastication as exemplars, I describe four main principles of rhythmogenesis: (1) rhythmogenic ionic currents underlie all CPG...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-53613-6.00014-9
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies with nicotine have, from the outset, been of fundamental importance for the elucidation of physiological mechanisms. However, many nicotinic cholinoreceptors do not appear to subserve a physiological role, at least within the present framework of knowledge. The main challenge in the immediate future is to dete...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62461-9
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Tibetan Buddhist classification of mind, its divisions and the system of meditation practices aimed at achieving ideal states of being are a complex presentation of psychological, behavioral and spiritual concepts and processes that demand thorough understanding before assessing their value and outcome (Yeshe, 199...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62160-3
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter system provides fundamental modulatory regulation of the limbic-corticostriatal circuitry known to be vital in the development of addiction as well as the aspects of addiction that hinder recovery and contribute to relapse. Thus, components of the 5-HT system may provide novel tar...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00916-3
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The management of urinary tract dysfunction is crucial for the health and well-being of people with spinal cord injury. Devices, specifically catheters, play an important role in the daily regime of bladder management for most people with spinal cord injury. However, the high incidence of complications associated with...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(05)52011-9
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of deep brain stimulation in psychiatric disorders has received great interest owing to the small risk of the operation, the reversible nature of the technique, and the possibility of optimizing treatment postoperatively. Currently, deep brain stimulation in psychiatry is investigated for obsessive-compulsive ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17527-1
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressants are commonly prescribed for tinnitus. Research thus far provides some support for that treatment, but the literature also raises concerns because tinnitus is a side effect of antidepressant medication. In this chapter, four published double blind placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants for tinnitu...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)66024-5
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive method used to induce electrical current in the brain through impulses of strong magnetic fields applied externally. The technique can relieve tinnitus by modulating the excitability of neurons in the auditory cortex to decrease the hyperexcitabilit...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)66034-8
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fatigue is considered to be an important and frequent factor in motivation problems. However, this term lacks clinical and pathophysiological validity. Semantic precision has to be improved. Lack of drive and tiredness with increased sleepiness as observed in fatigue in the context of inflammatory and immunological pr...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.06.001
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) participate in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes in the nervous system. nNOS was originally felt to be a constitutively expressed enzyme, but recent observations suggest that its levels are dynamically controlled in response to neuronal development, plasticity and ...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63196-9
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been tacitly assumed that a long descending motor tract axon consists of a private line connecting the cell of origin to a single muscle, as a motoneuron innervates a single muscle. However, this notion of a long descending motor tract referred to as a private line is no longer tenable, since recent studies hav...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(05)51017-3
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent eye-tracking research has revealed that spoken language can guide eye gaze very rapidly (and closely time-locked to the unfolding speech) toward referents in the visual world. We discuss whether, and to what extent, such language-mediated eye movements are automatic rather than subject to conscious and controll...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-62604-2.00008-3
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal brain function requires constant adaptation as an organism interacts with the environment and learns to associate important sensory stimuli with appropriate motor actions. Neurological disorders may disrupt these learned associations, potentially requiring new functional pathways to be formed to replace the los...
journal_title:Progress in brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-53355-5.00006-3
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00