Abstract：
:The pharmacokinetics of ethanol in plasma and whole blood have been investigated and the results used to estimate the volume of total body water (TBW) by means of the dilution principle. Fifteen men (mean age 62 y) were given 0.6 g ethanol/kg body weight as an intravenous infusion over 1 h. The peak concentration of ethanol in plasma was 120 mg.dl-1 compared to 108 mg.dl-1 for whole blood. The disappearance rate of ethanol from plasma was 18.6 mg.dl-1.h-1 compared to 17.0 mg.dl-1.h-1 for the whole blood concentration-time data. The apparent volume of distribution of ethanol (Vz) was 0.54 l.kg-1 according to plasma kinetics compared to 0.59 l.kg-1 for the kinetics derived from whole blood. The mean area under the curve (AUC) was 294 mg.dl-1 x h for plasma kinetics compared to 266 mg.dl-1 x h for whole blood. The TBW was 40.9 l or 50.9% of body weight for the plasma concentration-time data. This agreed well with the 40.3 l or 50.1% of body weight obtained using whole blood.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Jones AW,Hahn RG,Stalberg HPdoi
10.1007/BF00280133subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
445-8issue
4eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The bronchodilator effect and side-effects of a single oral dose of enprofylline were compared with the corresponding actions of a therapeutic dose of theophylline in 20 asthmatic patients, in a randomized cross-over clinical trial. Enprofylline 4 mg/kg and theophylline 8 mg/kg produced mean maximum plasma levels of 4...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00541929
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many studies have indicated the adequate use of lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs) as a factor in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, in clinical practice, a very high percentage of patients are not adequately treated. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the management of hypercholesterolemia in a non-experimen...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-005-0911-z
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the potential damage to patients from the inappropriate use of placebo. METHODS:Pivotal clinical trials of new drugs were evaluated for the treatment of multiple sclerosis following effective treatment with beta interferons and glatiramer acetate. The differences in the relapse rate between the exp...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-012-1383-6
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Investigations were undertaken to evaluate which uraemic solutes decrease drug protein binding. This was done by performing HPLC-fractionation of uraemic biological fluids and studying the effect of addition of a lyophilisate of each fraction to normal plasma containing standard quantities of radiolabelled drugs. From...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01428386
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Procaine esterase activity in plasma from patients with renal failure is decreased by 40%. Since cyanate is formed from urea and readily carbamylates certain blood proteins, a possible role for cyanate in the depression of plasma esterase activity in uraemic patients was considered. However, in vitro carbamylation of ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00609899
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticoids (GCs) exert different activities that are useful for the treatment of several haematologic disorders. The synergistic effect with cytotoxic drugs is important for the therapy of lymphoproliferative diseases. The inhibition of macrophages prevents acute haemolysis and platelets destruction in autoimmune...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01844200
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sulphation of (+) and (-) terbutaline was investigated in specimens of human intestinal mucosa isolated from the duodenum, ileum, ascending colon and sigmoid colon and in specimens of liver and lung. The lung specimens came from 8 current smokers and 11 ex-smokers, the latter having stopped at least 3 months befor...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00315522
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new acid thiol, 2-mercaptopropionate, has been identified by GC-MS in urine from cystinuric patients on treatment with 2-mercaptopropionylglycine. The amount excreted was 50-300 mumol/24h and it was correlated with the oral dose of 2-mercaptopropionyl-glycine. The observation may be of clinical importance as the met...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00871000
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Carvedilol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent with additional alpha(1)-adrenoceptor blocking properties, has been shown to improve left ventricular function in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, its effect on mortality has recently been the subject of controversial discussion. The aim of this meta-analysi...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1007/s002280050460
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To gain insight into the experiences and handling of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by the staffs of public primary healthcare (PHC) clinics in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, as well as their perceptions of related adherence challenges in the treatment and follow-up of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-po...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-012-1254-1
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In order to document the stereoselective distribution in joints of a chiral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the relative affinities of the enantiomers of tiaprofenic acid in synovium and for cartilage were compared. METHODS:The distribution of tiaprofenic acid in synovium and in cartilage was studied 25...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050109
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioavailability of a new controlled release formulation of indomethacin lysine salt in tablets was tested in 6 healthy humans against a conventional indomethacin lysinate formulation in capsules. Both contained 100 mg of the drug, i.e. 70 mg indomethacin. Peak plasma levels were lower and more lasting and the AUC ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00609963
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an open triple crossover study in 8 patients with essential hypertension, the possibility has been investigated of whether the blood pressure lowering effect of hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg once daily was attenuated by co-administration for 4 weeks of ibuprofen 400 mg t.i.d., diclofenac 25 mg t.i.d. or sulindac 200 mg...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00606629
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In healthy normal subjects following the administration of labetalol the pharmacological effects were measured and compared with the plasma concentrations achieved. The inhibition of exercise induced tachycardia and inhibition of exercise induced increases in systolic pressure were significantly related to the adminis...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00562897
更新日期：1977-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to evaluate a computerised monitoring system (CMS) based on laboratory test results for the detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) on a paediatric ward. METHODS:A prospective, 6-month pharmacoepidemiological survey was performed on a 22-bed paediatric isolation ward. ADRs...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-006-0197-9
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the study was to examine long-term nicotine substitution and its variability during use of a nicotine patch. In two smoking cessation studies a 16-h nicotine patch, releasing 15 mg nicotine, was applied daily for 16 h over 12 weeks, to 167 smokers. Salivary cotinine was highly correlated with plasma cot...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02280755
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:CYP2D6 polymorphism of drug metabolism represents an important source of interindividual and interethnic variation in drug response. Since this polymorphism has not been studied in an Iranian population, the present study was undertaken. METHODS:Two hundred healthy unrelated Iranian subjects participated in ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-004-0859-4
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of concomitant administration of roxithromycin on the plasma pharmacokinetics of lovastatin. METHODS:In an open, randomized, crossover study, 12 healthy volunteers received 80 mg lovastatin orally either alone or concomitantly with 300 mg roxithromycin after 5-day pretreatment wi...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00228-001-0385-6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of cisplatin on plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of carnitine in ten patients with different malignancies treated with chemotherapy. METHODS:Carnitine concentrations were determined using a radioenzymatic assay and other metabolites by routine methods of clinical chemistry. Ren...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050504
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We gave 24 healthy elderly volunteers with a perceived sleep onset of at least 30 minutes zolpidem 5 mg, zolpidem 10 mg, or placebo for 7 days in a double-blind, three-way, crossover study. The morning after nocturnal dosing, psychomotor performance and cognitive ability were measured using tests which are sensitive t...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02284957
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A randomized multicentre between-patient study comparison has been made of the efficacy and tolerability of cadralazine and prazosin, both administered for 6 weeks to hypertensive patients with a supine diastolic blood pressure (DBP) greater than or equal to 95 mmHg whilst on a beta-adrenoceptor-blocker. The doses of ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00315223
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of bezafibrate treatment on hepatic cholesterol metabolism was studied in rats and in humans. The activities of the three key enzymes involved in cholesterol metabolism [3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransf...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01409405
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of propafenone and 5-OH-propafenone and their relationship with the antiarrhythmic action and side effects have been studied in 10 patients with stable, frequent, premature ventricular beats (224-928 premature ventricular complexes/h). Observations were made after a single dose of propafenone 300 ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00614557
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mode and site of action of the new diuretic agent piretanide were investigated in man. The effect of a single oral dose of 12 mg was compared with that of furosemide 80 mg p.o. iin 6 patients with the nephrotic syndrome. Piretanide showed a greater diuretic and natriuretic response than furosemide during maximal w...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00561895
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The study aimed to identify and describe adverse drug reactions and adherence to clinical guidelines in patients receiving treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Cameroon. METHODS:The method used was a cross-sectional study at a tertiary diabetes care service in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Adult T2DM patients at...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-020-02949-2
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma concentrations of nitrazepam were measured by gas-liquid chromatography in: young healthy volunteers, in geriatric and psychiatric patients and in epileptic children. The disposition of nitrazepam was described in terms of a two-compartment open model. After a single oral dose of nitrazepam 5 mg the most promin...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00563100
更新日期：1979-04-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension, and a fixed elevation of diastolic blood pressure, were randomly allocated to three groups and treated with propranolol 40 mg x 4 (Group 1), 80 mg x 4 (group 2) and 160 mg x 4 (Group 3). Blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (PR), plasma renin activity (PRA), pla...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00618774
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated antioxidant paraoxonase (PON) may reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and prevent atherosclerosis. The aim of this present study was to investigate the effect of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor atorvastatin on hydroge...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-004-0820-6
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of a single 2 mg IV dose of chlordesmethyldiazepam has been studied in 11 patients with renal failure on regular haemodialysis and in 11 age-matched healthy controls. The kinetics was also examined after a single 2 mg oral dose in 6 of the 11 renal failure patients. After intravenous administratio...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00280109
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of intravenous enprofylline has been studied in 8 children with asthma. The mean plasma half-life of enprofylline (1.0 h) was considerably shorter than that previously reported in adults. The half-life determined from log urine excretion rate data was identical to the plasma half-life, so urine ex...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00637683
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
