Abstract:
:The pharmacokinetics of intravenous enprofylline has been studied in 8 children with asthma. The mean plasma half-life of enprofylline (1.0 h) was considerably shorter than that previously reported in adults. The half-life determined from log urine excretion rate data was identical to the plasma half-life, so urine excretion could be used as a non-invasive method to study the elimination rate. As in adults, urinary recovery of unchanged drug averaged 89%, and the volume of distribution, Vz, averaged 0.58 l/kg. Clearance was higher in children than in adults when calculated per kg body weight, but not when calculated per m2 body surface area. The dosage of enprofylline in children would be more accurate if calculated in proportion to surface area rather than to body weight. Data agree with published information on creatinine clearance, which, adjusted for body surface area, stays constant from the age of 3 years until early adult life.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Hultqvist C,Borgå Odoi
10.1007/BF00637683subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
533-5issue
5eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:We previously found that, compared with healthy subjects. asymptomatic hepatitis-B virus (HBV) carriers displaying slow acetylator phenotype demonstrate a significant prolongation of the elimination half-life of 4-methylaminoantipyrine (MAA) and a decrease in the clearance of formation of 4-aminoantipyrine (A...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002280100341
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of 3H-16-epi-gitoxin have been investigated after oral administration: The peak serum level occurred after 30-60 min, and its subsequent decline was in two phases with half-lives of 3.5 and 19.5 h, respectively. Within 3 days 66-70% of the administered radioactivity were eliminated by renal excret...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00562938
更新日期:1977-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the possible interaction between the antihypertensive agent cicletanine and the hypoglycaemic drug tolbutamide. METHODS:Time-courses of glycaemia and serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) were followed in 10 healthy subjects after two tolbutamide infusions in each volunteer; initially alone and 9 d...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002280050127
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) agents have considerable advances in treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These drugs carry possible risk of adverse symptoms, and no meta-analysis has examined this issue and the potential duration-response relationship. PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was t...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1007/s00228-015-1877-0
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolic fate and ACTH-suppressant activity of two injectable dexamethasone esters, 21-phosphate and 21-sulphate, were studied in healthy men. After i.v. injection of 20mg free steroid alcohol, dexamethasone phosphate was efficiently hydrolyzed to free dexamethasone, reaching its peak plasma concentration within ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00618778
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma concentrations of nitrazepam were measured by gas-liquid chromatography in: young healthy volunteers, in geriatric and psychiatric patients and in epileptic children. The disposition of nitrazepam was described in terms of a two-compartment open model. After a single oral dose of nitrazepam 5 mg the most promin...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00563100
更新日期:1979-04-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to describe determinants of current and subsequent benzodiazepine use in an elderly population, the Paquid cohort. METHODS:The study was conducted on a cohort of 2,792 community-dwelling subjects 65 years of age or more living in the Gironde department, southwestern France. B...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002280100326
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of acetylator phenotype in determining the response to hydralazine when it was added to diuretic and beta-blocker at doses not exceeding 200 mg daily was examined in 57 hypertensive patients. 81% of rapid acetylators needed 200 mg hydralazine daily compared to 38% of slow acetylators (p less than 0.01). Despi...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00546706
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Zuojin Pill has been shown to inhibit the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 isoenzyme in vitro. In Chinese individuals, CYP 2D6*10 is the most common allele with reduced enzyme activity. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic interaction between Zuojin Pill and the sensitive CYP2D6 probe dextromethorphan ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2048-7
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is used recreationally and frequently leads to sympathomimetic toxicity. MDMA produces cardiovascular and subjective stimulant effects that were shown to partially depend on the norepinephrine transporter (NET)-mediated release of norepinephrine and stimulation of α...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00228-017-2392-2
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures will increase substantially over the coming decades as the population ages globally. This has important economic and public health implications, contributing substantially to morbidity and excess mortality in this population. METHODS:When prescribing for older pa...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00228-011-0999-2
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We investigated the effects of treatment with Saint John's wort (hypericum perforatum) extract on the urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid, 6beta-hydroxycortisol, and free cortisol in order to assess the effect of this extract on the activity of hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. METHODS:Forty-eight he...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-002-0527-5
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the distribution of the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) genotype among azathioprine (Aza)-tolerant and -intolerant patients with various disorders, and to investigate a possible relationship with the Aza metabolite levels. METHODS:Forty-six Aza-tolerant and six Aza-intolerant patients had the TP...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s00228-003-0698-8
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An open, dose-titration study of alfuzosin, a new selective post-synaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist with additional direct vasodilator properties has been performed. After a 3-week run-in placebo period, 12 patients with essential hypertension received alfuzosin 5 mg oral b.d., and then the dose was doubled ever...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00555503
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug utilization was studied in children below 14 years of age in Tenerife, Canary Islands, who were seen as outpatients by 15 paediatricians and 10 general practitioners. Data on diagnosis, previous drug exposure and prescriptions were collected from a random sample of 1327 children. Nose and throat infections (40.1%...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01046708
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The linearity of the pharmacokinetics of the metamizol metabolites 4-methyl-amino-antipyrine (4-MAA), 4-amino-antipyrine (4-AA), 4-formyl-aminoantipyrine (4-FAA), and 4-acetyl-amino-antipyrine (4-AcAA) has been studied after administration to 15 healthy male volunteers of single oral doses of 750, 1500, and 3000 mg me...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00314805
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The new competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist, ramixotidine 2 HCl (CM 57755), has been tested in healthy male volunteers for its ability to inhibit pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion. In the first study, in 8 subjects, pentagastrin 6 micrograms.kg-1 was injected s.c., 90 min after the following 4 or...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00637671
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Jejunal perfusion was performed in 12 healthy volunteers to evaluate the dose dependent effects of loperamide on intestinal absorption, stimulated secretion and transit. In 6 volunteers intestinal perfusion of the jejunal segment with isotonic NaCl solution was followed by addition of loperamide in increasing doses (2...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00315436
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Tolvaptan is a selective vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist that can be given orally once daily for treatment of clinically significant hypervolemic and euvolemic hyponatremia (US and Europe) or extracellular volume expansion despite taking other diuretics (Japan). In vitro studies indicated that tolvaptan was ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00228-011-1106-4
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Triptans are contraindicated in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD); however, few studies have evaluated triptans in patients with obstructive CAD to quantify the vasoconstrictive effect on diseased coronary vessels. METHODS:Patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary a...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00228-005-0988-4
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of nomifensin (Hoechst 36984), a synthetic psychotropic drug whose structure differs from MAO inhibitors and tricyclics, was studied in a double blind comparative trial with desimipramine in patients with various depressive syndromes. Forty-three patients (23 in the nomifensin group and 20 in the desimipram...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00609468
更新日期:1976-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::A questionnaire survey was carried out to explore differences in the approach to treatment of patients with Type II diabetes between physicians in Northern Ireland, Norway and Sweden, and to discover to what extent it could account for the three-fold difference in drug use between the countries. A representative sampl...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00542408
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A possible pharmacokinetic interaction between theophylline and repirinast has been investigated in asthmatic patients. The kinetics of theophylline was studied in seven adult in-patients given theophylline 400-800 mg b.d. alone and after three weeks of co-administration of repirinast. There was no effect on the kinet...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00679789
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan), an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, is indicated for chronic heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for HF. Following oral administration, LCZ696 provides systemic exposure to valsartan and ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2072-7
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics of a single 2 mg IV dose of chlordesmethyldiazepam has been studied in 11 patients with renal failure on regular haemodialysis and in 11 age-matched healthy controls. The kinetics was also examined after a single 2 mg oral dose in 6 of the 11 renal failure patients. After intravenous administratio...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00280109
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Persistence to statins is low, in part due to lack of perception of cardiovascular (CV) risk. High values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) might increase the motivation for patients to be persistent. We investigated whether the baseline LDL-C value influences the discontinuation of statin treatmen...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-015-1996-7
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fexofenadine is the active metabolite of the non-sedating anti-histamine terfenadine. Pre-licensing clinical trials in over 6000 patients suggested it was effective and well tolerated. OBJECTIVE:To assess the tolerability and safety of fexofenadine immediately after its availability on the UK market in Marc...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002280100292
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Current evidence suggests that erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), including erythropoietin and darbepoetin, may have a direct cardio-protective effect. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of ESAs in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1007/s00228-011-1160-y
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was performed to investigate whether it is possible to use saliva instead of blood usually used for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of disopyramide. METHODS:Six healthy male volunteers ingested 200 mg of disopyramide base, and the disopyramide concentrations in saliva and plasma (total and unbou...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002280050250
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Theophylline is metabolized to 1,3-dimethyluric acid (1,3-DMU), 3-methylxanthine, and 1-methylxanthine by CYP1A2 and partly by CYP2E1. Because 1,3-DMU is the major metabolite of theophylline, the 1,3-DMU/theophylline ratio is viewed as a good indicator of theophylline metabolic clearance. Here, we investigate...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00228-006-0165-4
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00