Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:In the absence of widely available measures of determining free and/or bioavailable testosterone (BioT) physicians may use formulae such as the free androgen index (FAI) to estimate free testosterone. We compared the efficacy of calculated markers of androgen status in predicting serum BioT and hypogonadism.
DESIGN:Total testosterone (TT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and BioT were determined in a large cohort of men. Comparison of calculated androgen levels was performed following endocrine assessment.
METHODS:TT and SHBG were determined by ELISA, and BioT was determined by ammonium sulphate precipitation. From these data we calculated FAI and free testosterone using two other published formulae - FTnw (free testosterone as calculated by the method of Nanjeee and Wheeler) and FTv (free testosterone as calculated by the method of Vermeulen). A novel formula was derived to calculate BioT from given levels of TT and SHBG (BTcalculated). The ability of the methods (FAI, FTnw, FTv, BTcalc) to predict BioT were compared using regression analysis. The ability of these markers of androgen status to predict biochemical hypogonadism was compared using area under receiver operator curve (auROC).
RESULTS:The equation derived from our data was the best predictor of BioT (R(2)=0.73, P<0.0001) although TT was also a good marker (R(2)=0.68, P=0.0001). In the determination of hypogonadism, of all currently available formulae none were better that the TT (auROC: TT=0.93, FAI=0.72, FTnw=0.91, FTv=0.88) although when TT is borderline (7.5 journal_name journal_title authors doi subject pub_date pages issue eissn issn journal_volume pub_type
abstract：CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that may contribute to the pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular complications commonly observed in diabetes. We investigated whether HMGB1 is associated with: i) markers of low-grade inflammation (LGI) and endothelial dysfunction...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-11-0662
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, 2-[(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) has emerged as an important tool for the postoperative management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and it is widely used in selected clinical situations. The most valuable role that FDG...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1530/EJE-15-0066
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Conventional glucocorticoid (GC) replacement for patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) is inadequate. Patients with AI continue to have increased mortality and morbidity and compromised quality of life despite treatment and monitoring. OBJECTIVES:i) To review current management of AI and the unmet medica...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1530/EJE-13-0450
更新日期：2013-10-21 00:00:00
abstract：DESIGN:In order to characterize whether different degrees of adipose tissue storage may be associated with markers of early atherosclerosis, we evaluated oxidant-antioxidant status and inflammatory markers and determined carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in healthy constitutional lean and obese pre-pubertal childre...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-09-0042
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm across the world every year, with less than 37 completed weeks of gestation. Survival rates increased during the last decades with the improvement of neonatal care. With premature birth, babies are deprived of the intense intrauterine growth phase, and postnatal growth ...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1530/EJE-16-0482
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Arterial stimulation and venous sampling (ASVS) is an important technique for localizing insulinoma. The principle behind ASVS is that insulin secretion is promoted from insulinoma cells by the injection of calcium into the insulinoma-feeding artery. However, the mechanism for ASVS-induced insulin...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-08-0069
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The human androgen receptor (AR) gene contains two polymorphisms of CAG and GGN repeats respectively. The GGN repeat function is still largely unknown and to date there are no in vivo data on this segment with respect to the general population. METHODS:We investigated the impact of CAG and GGN repeats on ma...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.1.02204
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objective:Fetal exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of metabolic diseases in the offspring. Leptin, adiponectin, and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) may play potential roles in the underlying disease mechanisms. We investigated the impact of fetal exposure to GDM on leptin, adiponecti...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-19-0658
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:11beta-Hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase are two highly homologous genes involved in different forms of human hypertension and in different animal models of hypertension. It has been shown that the conservative substitution D147E in the human CYP11B2 gene results in an increased production of corticosteron...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1440397
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Introduction:Pathologically high growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in patients with acromegaly are associated with arthropathy. Several studies highlight the potential role of the GH/IGF-1 axis in primary osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to disentangle the role of IGF-1 levels in primary ...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-20-0904
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:It is widely known that inflammation is related to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have shown a direct relationship between the immune system and T2D using a reliable biomarker. Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easy-to-analyze inflammation biomarker, but few studies have assessed the relationship betw...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1530/EJE-15-0176
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:IGF1 is essential for human growth and mediates its effects through the type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R). Our objective was to determine the frequency of certain previously reported IGF1R gene variants in the normal population and their effect on stature. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was conducted in a populati...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-12-0565
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have identified and characterized insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-II/mannose-6-phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptors in bovine adrenal cells. Iodine-125-labeled IGF-I ([125I]IGF-I) binding was characteristic of the IGF-I receptor, and binding kinetics as well as receptor densities were similar in cortical a...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1300265
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent discovery that functional brown adipose tissue (BAT) persists in adult humans has enkindled a renaissance in metabolic research, with a view of harnessing its thermogenic capacity to combat obesity. This review focuses on the advances in the regulation and the metabolic significance of BAT in humans. BAT ac...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1530/EJE-15-1217
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of age on the association between thyroid function and mortality. DESIGN:The Nijmegen Biomedical Study is a population-based study, comprising 5816 randomly selected adults of all age groups without previously known thyroid disease. METHODS:TSH, free th...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-13-1070
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated the short- and long-term cardiovascular- and cancer-related morbidities during cross-sex hormone therapy in a large sample of trans persons. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:A specialist center cross-sectional study compared 214 trans women (male-to-female transsexual persons) and 138 trans men (fem...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-13-0493
更新日期：2013-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Amiodarone (AMD) is a powerful anti-arrhythmic drug used for the treatment of a wide variety of cardiac arrhythmias and its most striking feature is its high iodine content. Thyroid dysfunction is a limiting side-effect of the drug and both AMD-induced hypothyroidism (AIH) and AMD-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) are repo...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1400241
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many centres, a test dose (TD) of octreotide is administered before commencing somatostatin analogue therapy (SAT), although the merits of this procedure are uncertain. We have analysed the value of the GH response to a TD in predicting the efficacy of subsequent SAT in 47 patients with acromegaly (25 male, median ...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.1.02073
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An increased calcitonin serum level is suggestive of a medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), but is not pathognomonic. The possibility of false positives or other calcitonin-secreting neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) should be considered. Serum calcitonin levels are generally assessed by immunoradiometric and chemiluminescen...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1530/EJE-20-0506
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The best test for the assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis remains a matter of controversy. We compared the performance of the short synacthen test (SST, 250 microg) with the insulin stress test (IST) to assess the reliability of the former as a first line test. Patients with pituitary disease u...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1390580
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In genetically predisposed individuals, exogenous factors (including pollution) influence the development of Hashimoto's thyroiditis/chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT). CLT may also be a risk factor for associated thyroid cancer. Few data are available on the role of pollution from petrochemical complex...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-14-0864
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a highly reliable procedure to localize insulinomas preoperatively. It has been considered to be important in planning surgical strategy, especially considering a minimal invasive approach. However, even under ideal conditions experienced examiners miss about 10-20% of insulinom...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-07-0117
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Differences in circulating steroid hormone levels have been hypothesized to explain ethnic differences in steroid-related diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of a wide panel of steroid hormones, both androgens and estrogens, in healthy middle-aged African-Caribbean and European ...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1530/EJE-11-0551
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors are involved in the effects of catecholamines on energy metabolism. Of three known subtypes with differential expression, alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptors are also localized in adipose tissue where they counteract the lipolytic activity of beta-adrenergic receptors. This study ...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1440291
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of intraoperative high-field (1.5 Tesla) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the results of transsphenoidal surgery of GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas. METHODS:Twenty-three acromegalic patients (mean tumor size, 25 +/- 12 mm; untreated preoperative GH, 4.2...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.1.01970
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Effective treatment of acromegaly with pegvisomant (PEGV), a growth hormone receptor antagonist, requires an appropriate dose titration. PEGV doses vary widely among individual patients, and various covariates may affect its dosing and pharmacokinetics. OBJECTIVE:To identify predictors of the PEGV dose requ...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-16-0956
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prostate growth is known to be controlled by steroids such as androgens and estradiol. For this reason steroids (estradiol, adrenal androgens) or steroid inhibitors are commonly used as palliative treatments for prostate carcinoma. In view of the pivotal role played by Ca2+ ions in cell proliferation, we decided to in...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1350367
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of long-term, non-suppressive levothyroxine (L-T(4)) treatment on quantitative ultrasonometry in women. DESIGN:This was a case-control study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Altogether 667 women (mean age+/-s.d., 49.5+/-13.1 years) were studied. Of these, 156 (23%) had non-toxic goitre or hypoth...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1420445
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:An inherited profile of genes related to the response to aggressive environmental factors such as viruses and chemicals may be related to an increased susceptibility to Graves' disease (GD). DESIGN AND METHODS:This prospective case-control study was designed to examine the relationship between human herpesvi...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1530/EJE-09-0719
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In order to characterize urinary gonadotropin peptide (UGP) as an acute phase reactant, we focused on the UGP levels after surgical operation. DESIGN:Fifty cases of gastrointestinal cancer, 4 cases of cancers of other organs and 13 cases of benign digestive diseases were enrolled into this study. METHODS:UG...
journal_title：European journal of endocrinology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1530/eje.0.1400555
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
