Superinfection exclusion in cells infected with hepatitis C virus.

abstract：:Activation of microglia and astroglia is seen in many neurodegenerative diseases including prion diseases. Activated glial cells produce cytokines as a protective response against certain pathogens and as part of the host inflammatory response to brain damage. In addition, cytokines might also exacerbate tissue damage...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Tribouillard-Tanvier D,Striebel JF,Peterson KE,Chesebro B

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an arthropod-borne disease associated with the majority of viral encephalitis cases in the Asia-Pacific region. The causative agent, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), has been phylogenetically divided into five genotypes. Recent surveillance data indicate that genotype I (GI) i...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Han N,Adams J,Chen P,Guo ZY,Zhong XF,Fang W,Li N,Wen L,Tao XY,Yuan ZM,Rayner S

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fundamental question of whether a primed immune system is capable of preventing latent gammaherpesvirus infection remains unanswered. Recent studies showing that vaccination can reduce acute replication and short-term latency but cannot alter long-term latency further call into question the possibility of achievin...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Tibbetts SA,McClellan JS,Gangappa S,Speck SH,Virgin HW 4th

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1 undergoes proteolytic cleavage in the Golgi complex to produce subunits designated gp120 and gp41, which remain noncovalently associated. While gp41 has a well-characterized oligomeric structure, the maintenance of gp41-independent gp120 intersubunit co...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Center RJ,Earl PL,Lebowitz J,Schuck P,Moss B

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The buoyant density characteristics of infectious particles of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 were studied by centrifugation in sucrose and cesium chloride density gradients with a high resolution and satisfactory infectivity recovery. It was shown that two populations of infectious virions differing in buoyant de...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Yanagi K

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early proteins of simian virus 40 (SV40) large T and small t antigen (T/t antigen) can each cause the transcriptional activation of a variety of cellular and viral promoters. We showed previously that simian cellular DNA-binding factors (the Band A factors) bind to sequences within the SV40 late promoter which are...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Gallo GJ,Gruda MC,Manuppello JR,Alwine JC

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The S1 gene nucleotide sequences of 10 type 3 (T3) reovirus strains were determined and compared with the T3 prototype Dearing strain in order to study sequence diversity in strains of a single reovirus serotype and to learn more about structure-function relationships of the two S1 translation products, sigma 1 and si...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Dermody TS,Nibert ML,Bassel-Duby R,Fields BN

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infects alveolar macrophages (AMϕ), causing dysregulated alpha interferon (IFN-α) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production through a mechanism(s) yet to be resolved. Here, we show that AMϕ infected with PRRSV secreted a reduced quantity of IFN-α fol...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Chen WY,Schniztlein WM,Calzada-Nova G,Zuckermann FA

更新日期：2018-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The cloned murine cytolytic T-lymphocyte line IE1-IL and several sublines detect a murine cytomegalovirus immediate-early (IE) membrane determinant in conjunction with Ld class I major histocompatibility glycoprotein. The lines retained cytolytic activity, strict antigen specificity, and self-restriction even when ada...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Reddehase MJ,Fibi MR,Keil GM,Koszinowski UH

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activates expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) provirus in T cells. Activation of the HIV-1 provirus correlated with the activation of binding of 55- and 85-kDa proteins to the kappa B enhancer and binding of t...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Vlach J,Pitha PM

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we document that efficient interaction between arenavirus nucleoprotein (NP) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L protein), the two trans-acting viral factors required for both virus RNA replication and gene transcription, requires the presence of virus-specific RNA sequences located within the untransla...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Iwasaki M,Ngo N,Cubitt B,de la Torre JC

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells were transformed by a focus assay with BK virus (BKV) DNA molecularly cloned at its unique EcoRI site. Both viral DNA sequences and viral tumor antigens were present and expressed in all the foci that we examined. However, cells isolated from foci were incapable of growth in ...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Pater A,Pater MM

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although combination therapy allows the suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia to undetectable levels, eradication has not been achieved because the virus persists in cellular reservoirs, particularly the latent reservoir in resting CD4(+) T lymphocytes. We previously established a simian i...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Shen A,Yang HC,Zhou Y,Chase AJ,Boyer JD,Zhang H,Margolick JB,Zink MC,Clements JE,Siliciano RF

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease endemic to Africa and characterized by a high rate of abortion in ruminants and hemorrhagic fever, encephalitis, or blindness in humans. RVF is caused by Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV; family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus), which has a tripartite...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Ikegami T,Hill TE,Smith JK,Zhang L,Juelich TL,Gong B,Slack OA,Ly HJ,Lokugamage N,Freiberg AN

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I interferon (IFN-I) inhibits the replication of different viruses. However, the effect of IFN-I on the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) viral cycle is controversial. Here, we investigated the consequences of IFN-α addition for different steps of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection. We first show that alpha int...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Cachat A,Chevalier SA,Alais S,Ko NL,Ratner L,Journo C,Dutartre H,Mahieux R

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously demonstrated that expression of bcl-2 in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells blocks influenza virus-induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation. We show here that expression of bcl-2 also reduces the level of infectious virus production and the spread of virus in MDCK cell cultures infected at a low multi...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Olsen CW,Kehren JC,Dybdahl-Sissoko NR,Hinshaw VS

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Competitive quantitative PCR and reverse transcriptase-PCR were used to quantitate DNA and RNA from an attenuated ribonucleotide reductase-deleted herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) mutant in the rat trigeminal ganglion after peripheral inoculation following corneal scarification. Amplification of ganglionic DNA with...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Ramakrishnan R,Levine M,Fink DJ

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As potential targets for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and SIV), dendritic cells (DCs) likely play a significant role in the onset and spread of infection as well as in the induction of antiviral immunity. Using the SIV-macaque system to study the very early events in DC-...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Frank I,Piatak M Jr,Stoessel H,Romani N,Bonnyay D,Lifson JD,Pope M

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cyanophage, PaV-LD, has been isolated from harmful filamentous cyanobacterium Planktothrix agardhii in Lake Donghu, a shallow freshwater lake in China. Here, we present the cyanophage's genomic organization and major structural proteins. The genome is a 95,299-bp-long, linear double-stranded DNA and contains 142 pot...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Gao EB,Gui JF,Zhang QY

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of bacteriophage T4D with 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide, a specific reagent for alkylating the indole ring of tryptophan residues, converts these particles from a cofactor-independent form to a cofactor-sensitive form. These treated T4D particles phenotypically resemble T4B particles in certain respect...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Gamow RI,Kozloff LM

更新日期：1968-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations introduced into the capsid gene of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) were tested for their effects on viral DNA synthesis and assembly of enveloped viruses. Four classes of mutant phenotypes were observed among a series of deletions of covering the 3' end of the capsid open reading frame. Class I mutant capsids ...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Yu M,Summers J

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Necroptosis, a regulated form of necrotic cell death, requires the activation of the RIP3 kinase. Here, we identify that infection of host cells with reovirus can result in necroptosis. We find that necroptosis requires sensing of the genomic RNA within incoming virus particles via cytoplasmic RNA sensors to produce t...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Berger AK,Hiller BE,Thete D,Snyder AJ,Perez E Jr,Upton JW,Danthi P

更新日期：2017-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza A viruses (IAV) are lytic viruses that have recently been found to activate necroptosis in many of the cell types they infect. Necroptotic cell death is potently immunogenic and limits IAV spread by directly eliminating infected cells and by mobilizing both innate and adaptive immune responses. The benefits ...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Balachandran S,Rall GF

更新日期：2020-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenovirus has a linear, double-stranded DNA genome that is perceived by the cellular Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) DNA repair complex as a double-strand break. If unabated, MRN elicits a double-strand break repair response that blocks viral DNA replication and ligates the viral genomes into concatemers. There are two sets o...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Karen KA,Hearing P

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was recently identified as the etiology of SARS. The virus particle consists of four structural proteins: spike (S), small envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). Recognition of a specific sequence, termed the packaging signal (PS), by a virus N pr...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Hsieh PK,Chang SC,Huang CC,Lee TT,Hsiao CW,Kou YH,Chen IY,Chang CK,Huang TH,Chang MF

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) protects the host from virus infection by inhibition of lytic virus replication in infected cells and modulation of the antiviral cell-mediated immune response. To determine whether IFN-alpha/beta also modulates the virus-host interaction during latent virus infection, we infecte...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Barton ES,Lutzke ML,Rochford R,Virgin HW 4th

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which is caused by FMD virus (FMDV), remains a major plague among cloven-hoofed animals worldwide, and its outbreak often has disastrous socioeconomic consequences. A live-attenuated FMDV vaccine will greatly facilitate the global control and eradication of FMD, but a safe and effective a...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Yang D,Sun C,Gao R,Wang H,Liu W,Yu K,Zhou G,Zhao B,Yu L

更新日期：2020-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously demonstrated that open reading frame (ORF) 50 and ORF 57 encode transcriptional regulating genes in herpesvirus saimiri. ORF 50, a homolog of Epstein-Barr virus R protein, is a sequence-specific transactivator, whereas ORF 57 acts posttranscriptionally. In this report, we demonstrate that the ORF 57...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Whitehouse A,Cooper M,Hall KT,Meredith DM

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The multistranded and double-stranded RNAs synthesized in HeLa cells infected with rhinovirus in the presence and in the absence of actinomycin D have been characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and hybridization studies. The replicative form is only found in infected cells treated with actinomycin D, whe...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Macnaughton MR,Cooper JA,Dimmock NJ

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Surface glycoproteins of enveloped virus are potent elicitors of type I interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral responses in a way that may be independent of the well-studied genome-mediated route. However, the viral glycoprotein determinants responsible for initiating the IFN response remain unidentified. In this study, ...

journal_title：Journal of virology

authors： Chico V,Martinez-Lopez A,Ortega-Villaizan M,Falco A,Perez L,Coll JM,Estepa A

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00