Abstract：
:The pharmacokinetic behaviour of cefadroxil was dose-dependent in healthy male volunteers following the oral administration of single doses of 5, 15, and 30 mg.kg-1. As the dose of cefadroxil increased from 5 to 15 and 30 mg.kg-1, the peak plasma concentrations, normalized to 5 mg.kg-1, decreased significantly from 15.1 to 10.7 and 7.6 mg.l-1, while the corresponding normalized areas under the plasma concentration-time curves from 0 to 2 h decreased significantly from 1258 to 946 and 801 min.mg.l-1. When the same subjects were given 5 mg.kg-1 of cefadroxil together with 45 mg.kg-1 of cephalexin, the absorption of cefadroxil was slowed to a similar or greater extent than with the high dose of cefadroxil. Although the absorption rate decreased as the dose increased, the systemic availability of cefadroxil was essentially complete at all doses, as judged by the 24 h urinary recoveries of the antibiotic. Kinetic analysis of the plasma concentration-time curves gave the best fit with a zero-order followed by a first-order absorption process, consistent with saturable intestinal absorption of cefadroxil. The elimination rate of cefadroxil was directly related to dose and plasma concentrations, and the clearance at the dose of 5 mg.kg-1 was significantly increased by the simultaneous administration of high-dose cephalexin. The renal clearance of cefadroxil ranged from 98 ml.min.l-1 at total plasma cephalosporin (cefadroxil + cephalexin) concentrations less than 2.5 mg.l-1 to 156 mg.l-1 at concentrations greater than 40 mg.l-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Garrigues TM,Martin U,Peris-Ribera JE,Prescott LFdoi
10.1007/BF00265914subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
179-83issue
2eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
41pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to examine whether educational meetings and group detailing could increase the use of drugs from the ward lists or the drug formulary in hospitals. METHODS:Twelve medical wards from two hospitals were randomized into three groups: control, basic and extended intervention. All wards ha...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00228-013-1589-2
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pharmacovigilance, defined by the World Health Organisation as 'the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem' plays a key role in ensuring that patients receive safe drugs. Our knowledge of a drug's adverse...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00228-008-0475-9
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied pharmacokinetics of a new H2-receptor antagonist, TZU-0460, in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment. The apparent volume of distribution at steady-state was 1.70 l/kg, and the plasma protein binding of TZU-0460 or its active metabolite, desacetyl TZU-0460 was less than 10% in normal subjec...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00608220
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the effect of a small economic inducement on the rate of spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and the attitudes of general practitioners and physicians towards reporting of ADRs. METHOD:One intervention and one control county were selected for the study. Written information about th...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-005-0072-0
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin (5-HT) stimulates prolactin release. In the present study the ability of dexfenfluramine to increase serum prolactin was used as an index of central 5-HT function after acute and chronic pretreatment of volunteers with fluoxetine. Following a single-blind, random design, on each experimental day each volunte...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00191908
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Carvedilol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent with additional alpha(1)-adrenoceptor blocking properties, has been shown to improve left ventricular function in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, its effect on mortality has recently been the subject of controversial discussion. The aim of this meta-analysi...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1007/s002280050460
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the transfer of the analgesic ketorolac tromethamine into breast milk in ten women aged between 22 and 35 years. Ketorolac administration was started between 2 and 6 days after delivery. The breast milk was not fed to the infant because of maternal antibiotic use (6 patients) or because of jaundice of ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00558080
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antihypertensive effect of labetalol (L) was compared with that of clonidine (C) in a randomized cross-over study in 17 hypertensive outpatients on bendrofluazide (B). After treatment for two weeks with B(5 mg qd), either L (100 mg tid) or C (0.1 mg tid) was given and their doses were titrated at 2-weekly visits u...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00542319
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:SPT-07A is an intravenous injection of (+)-2-borneol being developed for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, tolerability, and mass balance of SPT-07A after sequentially administered single and multiple infusions of SPT-07A at 1...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-020-02851-x
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three groups of patients with biliary tract disease treated by cholecystectomy were given ceftriaxone. In Group 1 single doses of 150 mg and 1500 mg were given on Days 1 and 5 after cholecystectomy. In Group 2 2 g was given daily for 6 days and the cholecystectomy was on Day 2. Patients in Group 3 received 2 g every 1...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00607958
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSES:Tacrolimus (TAC) is the most widely used immunosuppressant for the prevention of acute rejection after solid organ transplantation. Its pharmacokinetics (PK) show considerable variability, making TAC a good candidate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The principal aim of the study was to describe the PK o...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-013-1501-0
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antihypertensive effects of urapidil and clonidine have been studied in a double-blind cross-over trial in 11 hypertensive outpatients with mild to moderate hypertension, at rest and during isometric exercise. Urapidil 30 mg b.i.d. significantly decreased the standing diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05) an...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00635705
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Withdrawal of a drug from the market for safety reasons is a serious and sometimes complex decision. The scientific evidence supporting drug withdrawals in the past years is critically appraised. METHODS:With data provided by the Spanish Medicines Agency, all drugs withdrawn from the Spanish market for safet...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s002280100265
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new device for IV admixtures has been developed in Israel, the Vialink minibag. It consists of a partly filled minibag, attached by rubber tubing to a sterile receptable into which various types of vials containing drugs can be firmly inserted. Time and motion studies were conducted to determine the time and cost as...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00194973
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed to define domperidone pharmacokinetic parameters in preterm neonates, as no pharmacokinetic data are available in this population. METHODS:An oral domperidone solution was administered (0.75 mg/kg per day) in 32 preterm neonates (64 samples). Domperidone plas...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-008-0535-1
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The haemodynamic effects of intravenous metoprolol, over the dose-range 2.5--20 mg, were studied in 12 patients with coronary heart disease. The pharmacodynamic activity of the drug was confirmed by the suppression of exercise systolic pressure and tachycardia. There were statistically significant dose-response reduct...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00544581
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of the study was to develop a European list of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) for older people, which can be used for the analysis and comparison of prescribing patterns across European countries and for clinical practice. METHODS:A preliminary PIM list was developed, based on the German P...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00228-015-1860-9
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The systemic effects of single and multiple doses of inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) and budesonide were examined in 24 healthy male volunteers (age range 18-29 years). The study was of an open, placebo-controlled, randomized, three-way crossover design. On each study day, multiple blood samples were taken over a ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00195931
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enprofylline 1 mg/kg, a new potent antiasthmatic xanthine derivative, which is mainly eliminated by renal excretion, was given intravenously to 6 normal subjects with and without oral pretreatment with 1 g probenecid. The latter caused a drop in the average total body clearance of enprofylline from 21 to 9.8 l/h, and ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00614308
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a new technique that allows multiple treatment comparisons and provides estimates of effect sizes for all possible pair-wise comparisons. Several NMAs of antiepileptic drug (AED) efficacy and tolerability in individuals with refractory focal epilepsy, however, came to non-specific...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1007/s00228-014-1669-y
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bay m 1099 is a newly developed inhibitor of intestinal alpha-glucosidase. Its ability to lower postprandial plasma glucose, serum insulin and C-peptide levels in Type II diabetics has been investigated. Fifteen obese Type II diabetic patients with inadequate metabolic control during sulphonylurea treatment received a...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00607953
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Preparation of parenteral medication in hospitals is a complex process with a risk of microbial contamination of the product, especially when inappropriately prepared. Contaminated parenteral medications can cause severe complications to patients and increase morbidity in hospitals. The aim of this literature r...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s00228-019-02631-2
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the antiaggregatory effect of fenflumizole, a new non-steroidal antiinflammatory imidazole derivative, in ten patients with unstable angina pectoris. We have measured the aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (AA), ADP, and collagen, and serum or plasma concentrations of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00606628
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To quantify the relation between local and systemic magnitudes of effects of inhaled formoterol and salbutamol. METHODS:Twenty-eight stable asthmatic patients completed this double-blind, randomised crossover study. Pre-drug administration FEV1 (mean 2.08 L) was 49-93% of predicted and reversibility 16-82% a...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theophylline disposition after an intravenous test dose of aminophylline was determined in 83 subjects: 7 patients with and 58 without congestive heart failure (CHF), and 18 healthy controls. Based on the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in the individual, the oral dosage of aminophylline was scheduled to attain stead...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00545964
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The new competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist, ramixotidine 2 HCl (CM 57755), has been tested in healthy male volunteers for its ability to inhibit pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion. In the first study, in 8 subjects, pentagastrin 6 micrograms.kg-1 was injected s.c., 90 min after the following 4 or...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00637671
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：CASE REPORTS:Two women treated with agalsidase alpha for Fabry disease developed severe heart dysfunctions a few months after the beginning of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). An adverse effect caused by the treatment was suspected; therefore we informed the French pharmacovigilance authorities about these two events....
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-007-0460-8
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to add to the body of evidence on statin-induced gynecomastia based on data retrieved from the Italian spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting database. METHODS:Spontaneous ADR reports collected in the Italian database up to 31 December 2010 were assessed on a case-by-case b...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-012-1218-5
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C19 on the pharmacokinetics of phenobarbitone (PB) using a nonlinear mixed-effects model (NONMEM) analysis in Japanese adults with epilepsy. METHODS:A total of 144 serum PB concentrations were obtained from 74 subjects treated wi...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050703
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:A prospective study was undertaken to determine the transcorneal penetration of three topically applied fluoroquinolones into aqueous humour. METHODS:Two hundred and twenty-four patients undergoing cataract extraction received 0.3% ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin or ofloxacin eye drops by two different administra...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050371
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
