Abstract:
:The effects of inhibition of both glutathione synthesis and of glutathione reductase and catalase activities have been determined in the regulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the anterior chamber of pigmented rabbits. Glutathione reductase inhibition using intravitreal 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) did not significantly alter either total glutathione or the percent oxidized glutathione fraction in the iris-ciliary body. Intravitreal buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) significantly reduced the total glutathione content of iris-ciliary body and corneal endothelium, while not altering the oxidized fraction. BCNU increased the oxidized fraction of glutathione in the aqueous humor from 22 to 63% without significantly altering total glutathione levels. BSO, however, reduced total glutathione by 70% in the aqueous humor, and the oxidized fraction doubled. Decreases in the reduced glutathione concentration caused by BSO correlate with increases in the normally stable ratio of H2O2 to ascorbate concentrations in the aqueous humor, strongly suggesting that glutathione metabolism is correlated with H2O2 regulation at endogenous levels of this oxidant. Both BSO and 3-aminotriazole (3AT) separately increased the half-time for the loss of exogenously added H2O2 from the anterior chamber. BSO increased the half-time by 77% after 10 microliters of 10 mM H2O2 was injected intracamerally, while suppression of catalase activity with 3AT increased it by only 40%. With intracameral injections of 10 microliters of either 25 or 50 mM H2O2, however, 3AT had a greater effect than BSO. The half-time values after 3AT pretreatment were 61 and 135% greater than control values at the concentrations of 25 and 50 mM H2O2, respectively; those after BSO pretreatment were at 14 and 78%. From these data we conclude that the glutathione redox system protects the anterior segment tissues from hydrogen peroxide at low concentrations of this oxidant, while catalase assumes a greater role at higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.
journal_name
Ophthalmic Resjournal_title
Ophthalmic researchauthors
Costarides AP,Riley MV,Green Kdoi
10.1159/000267124subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
284-94issue
5eissn
0030-3747issn
1423-0259journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Naphthalene-induced rat cataract is a useful experimental cataract--however, because of its short survival period, studies using this model have been for limited purposes. Based on the consideration that the short survival might be caused by systemic toxicity of an overdose of naphthalene administration (1 g/kg body w...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000267836
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To ascertain the effectiveness of topical antioxidant therapy on acute corneal inflammation, we have studied the effectiveness of topical treatment with a saline solution and with antioxidants such as 0.2% superoxide dismutase and 0.5% dimethylthiourea (DMTU) in a controlled experimental study. The evolution of the in...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000267648
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of corneal tissue for ex vivo therapeutic evaluations is limited due to its rapid loss of viability after excision. Optimization of storage conditions may allow prolonged retention of physical tissue properties. In this study, we evaluated how storage in optimized organ culture (OC) medium at 37°C or phosphate...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000493488
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epinephrine (1, 3 and 10 micrograms/kg) was found to increase retinal and choroidal blood flow (22, 49 and 67%) when it was administered intravenously. The increase in retinal and choroidal blood flow coincided well with the increase in systemic blood pressure (44, 65 and 96%, respectively). When epinephrine (2%) was ...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000266728
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) and aspirin were evaluated for their effects on the phase separation temperature, Tc, of calf lens cytoplasm. Vitamin E and aspirin were added to nuclear homogenate and the change in Tc was measured. Aspirin had no measurable effect on Tc. Vitamin E lowered Tc at a rate of -22 degrees C ...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000265475
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of hyperthermia on the healing process of experimental Pseudomonas corneal ulceration (PCU). Hartley guinea pigs were used to develop animal models of PCU. As a heat source, disposable chemical pocket warmers were applied. The healing process of PCU was compared between the heat-treated cor...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000078780
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study is a first approach to identify UVA-related alterations in situ of bovine eye lens proteins from the water-soluble and urea-soluble fractions upon aging. The fractions were obtained from irradiated long-term organ culture lenses and analyzed by mini two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. This micropreparative...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000055613
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular recordings were performed on electrophysiologically identified achromatic neurons of the photosensitive pineal organ of the frog. The effects of iontophoretically applied aspartate and glutamate as well as one aspartate antagonist (D-alpha-aminoadipate) were observed on spontaneous activity and light-evo...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000265304
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a chronic progressive optic neuropathy, leading to degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and characteristic morphological changes at the optic disc. In advanced stages of the disease, functional tests, such as standard automated perimetry (SAP), are the main diagnostic too...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000501693
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Osthole is an agent isolated from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson and has been used to treat several disorders. Corneal neovascularization is a sight-threatening condition associated with several inflammatory or infectious ocular disorders. In this study, we investigated the anti-angiogenic effects of osthole on c...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000505976
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult human lenses with focal opacities were processed for normal as well as freeze fracture electron microscopy. Cholesterol was demonstrated using filipin cytochemistry. Filipin cytochemistry in combination with freeze fracture revealed that the amount of cholesterol in the normal fibre membranes was fully comparabl...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000055627
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate therapeutic ocular surface medium (TOSM), a potential physiological tear replacement therapy, for persistent epithelial defect (PED). METHODS:11 eyes of 10 patients with PED for ≥ 2 weeks without improvement despite conventional treatment were enrolled in a prospective pilot study of TOSM over 1...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000355065
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study developed a modified monolayer culture technique for expansion of retinal progenitor cells in vitro. Using this method, spheres collected by low centrifugation from free floating cultures were re-seeded onto poly-D-lysine pre-coated flasks, and cultured in the retinal progenitor cells medium (including fibr...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000134927
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels are involved in neovascularization repairing after vascular injury in many tissues. However, whether TRPCs play a regulatory role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has rarely been reported. In the present study, we selected TRPC1, 3, and 6 t...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000503724
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effect of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on the down-regulation of MHC class II antigens, bovine retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were incubated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in different concentrations. Subsequently, the IFN-gamma pretreated RPE cells ...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000055545
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To propose a new noncontact tonometer based on corneal photoelasticity. METHOD:In this study, we experimented with 18 enucleated porcine eyes. The anterior chamber was infused with a physiological solution. A circular polarizing filter was attached to an ophthalmic surgical microscope. Color fringe changes at ...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000320600
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the possible roles of various cytokines or growth factors in the pathogenesis of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by comparing aqueous humor levels of 14 cytokines between eyes with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and those with neovascular AMD. METHODS:Forty eyes from 40...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000365487
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal disorder, characterized by photoreceptor degeneration inducing progressive vision loss. This study evaluates its impact on quality of life (QOL) and emotional states of patients affected by RP. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 RP patient...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000435886
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Experimental retinal research has gained great importance due to the ophthalmic pharmacotherapy era. An increasing number of drugs are constantly released into the market for the treatment of retinal diseases. In this review, animal species, animal models and toxicity assays in retinal research are discussed. MET...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000312817
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of optical defocusing with convex lenses on the amplitudes of pattern reversal visual-evoked response (PVER) were investigated. With the large check size and high-contrast pattern, PVER amplitudes showed a linear decrease in response to initial defocusing up to +5 to +6 dptr. As the degree of defocus incre...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000267051
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a search for a pharmacologic adjuvant in the management of posttraumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), we investigated the effect of intravitreal injection of prinomastat (AG3340) on an experimental model. Posterior penetrating eye trauma was created in one eye each of 24 New Zealand white rabbits. One wee...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000055636
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of a comparative study of accommodative capability of eyes in individuals exposed to various doses of ionizing radiation and in a control group are presented. The mean values for ranges of accommodation in the control group were consonant with previous data. However, the range of accommodation was found to be ...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000063879
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of a new technique for the implantation of ultrathin substrates containing stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells into the subretinal space of retina-degenerate Royal College of Surgeon (RCS) rats. METHODS:A platform device was used for the implantation of 4-µm-t...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000338749
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic macular edema is considered the most important factor related to visual impairment in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Together with the use of grid and focal laser photocoagulation, today the intravitreal administration of pharmacotherapies represents the standard of care for the treatment of this complic...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000362764
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic changes in the rabbit lens have been studied by means of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These changes have been induced by prolonged topical treatment with dexamethasone. Our results demonstrate an increase in sorbitol, sorbitol-3-phosphate, fructose-3-phosphate, glycerol-3-phosphate and glucose-6-...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000055646
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Net changes in the levels of lens calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and water content were determined following exposure in vitro to iodoacetate, ouabain, lanthanum, cyanide, quercetin and cold temperature. The lens calcium content rose following inhibition of lens metabolism but did not change following specific...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000265197
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The turnover and migration of synthesized glycoproteins in the cultured retinal pigment epithelium have been studied. Quantitative study indicated that half-time of 3H-fucosylglycoproteins was 11.6 days. Autoradiography was performed several times after incubation of 3H-fucose. Retinal pigment epithelium constantly sy...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000265423
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low intensity diffuse white fluorescent light (1,000 lx for 2 h) exclusively induced photoreceptor damage in the inferior retina of albino rats; the temporal retina showed extensive damage, whereas the nasal retina revealed threshold lesions prior to recovery. To expand our morphological data, further experiments were...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000267881
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catalase activity was evaluated in Long Evans rat retina after ischemia and reperfusion. Ischemia was induced by ligation of the optic nerve and vessels. Rats were sacrificed after 15 and 120 min of reperfusion, respectively. Catalase activity was assessed by Claiborne's method and was expressed as U/mg of protein. In...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000267924
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The eyes of 200 rats (Mol:SPRD, Moellegaard Ltd., Skensvet, Denmark), 8 weeks of age and of both sexes, were examined routinely with a photo-slitlamp microscope (Zeiss) and opthalmoscope (Heine) 3-4 times in the course of four different 12-week toxicity studies. The animals were kept under constant lighting conditions...
journal_title:Ophthalmic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000267492
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00