Abstract:
BACKGROUND:A critical question regarding the association between short-term exposure to ozone and mortality is the extent to which this relationship is confounded by ambient exposure to particles. OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether particulate matter < 10 and < 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10) and PM(2.5)) is a confounder of the ozone and mortality association using data for 98 U.S. urban communities from 1987 to 2000. METHODS:We a) estimated correlations between daily ozone and daily PM concentrations stratified by ozone or PM levels; b) included PM as a covariate in time-series models; and c) included PM as a covariate as in d), but within a subset approach considering only days with ozone below a specified value. RESULTS:Analysis was hindered by data availability. In the 93 communities with PM(10) data, only 25.0% of study days had data on both ozone and PM(10). In the 91 communities with PM(2.5) data, only 9.2% of days in the study period had data on ozone and PM(2.5). Neither PM measure was highly correlated with ozone at any level of ozone or PM. National and community-specific effect estimates of the short-term effects of ozone on mortality were robust to inclusion of PM(10) or PM(2.5) in time-series models. The robustness remains even at low ozone levels (< 10 ppb) using a subset approach. CONCLUSIONS:Results provide evidence that neither PM(10) nor PM(2.5) is a likely confounder of observed ozone and mortality relationships. Further investigation is needed to investigate potential confounding of the short-term effects of ozone on mortality by PM chemical composition.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Bell ML,Kim JY,Dominici Fdoi
10.1289/ehp.10108subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-11-01 00:00:00pages
1591-5issue
11eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Neurobehavioral toxicology is now established as a core discipline of the environmental health sciences. Despite its recognized scientific prowess, stemming from its deep roots in psychology and neuroscience and its acknowledged successes, it faces additional demands and challenges. The latter, in fact, are a product ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s2173
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.845725
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.813899
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s6161
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doi:10.1289/ehp.1307459
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 评论,信件
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更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1289/ehp.113-a46
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8351189
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00